Kenai National Wildlife Refuge Species List, version 2016-12-15 Kenai National Wildlife Refuge biology staff December 15, 2016 2 Cover images represent changes to the checklist. Top left: Ligyrocoris sylvestris feeding on Rubus chamaemorus, Headquarters Lake wetland, July 15, 2013 (http://arctos.database.museum/media/10373139). Image CC0 Matt Bowser. Top right: Lecania dubitans collected off of Ski- lak Loop Road by Ed Berg on June 23, 2005 (http://arctos.database. museum/media/10419592). Image CC0 Matt Bowser. Bottom left: Pip- toporus betulinus observed on March 31, 2015 near Headquarters Lake (http://www.inaturalist.org/observations/1353794). Image CC BY Matt Bowser. Bottom right: Mimulus guttatus photographed on the Fuller Lake Trail, July 13, 2014 (http://www.inaturalist.org/observations/ 799839). Image CC BY-NC-ND Matt Muir. Contents Contents 3 Introduction 5 Purpose............................................................ 5 About the list......................................................... 5 Acknowledgments....................................................... 5 Refuge checklist 7 Vertebrates .......................................................... 7 Phylum Chordata.................................................... 7 Invertebrates ......................................................... 13 Phylum Annelida.................................................... 13 Phylum Arthropoda .................................................. 13 Phylum Cnidaria.................................................... 34 Phylum Mollusca.................................................... 34 Phylum Platyhelminthes................................................ 35 Phylum Tardigrada................................................... 35 Vascular Plants........................................................ 35 Division Tracheophyta................................................. 35 Bryophytes .......................................................... 48 Division Bryophyta................................................... 48 Fungi ............................................................. 52 Division Ascomycota.................................................. 52 Division Basidiomycota ................................................ 59 Division Chytridiomycota ............................................... 60 Division Myxomycota ................................................. 60 Unicellular Organisms.................................................... 60 Phylum Cercozoa.................................................... 60 Phylum Heterokonta.................................................. 60 Phylum Protozoa.................................................... 60 Extirpated species 63 Vertebrates .......................................................... 63 Phylum Chordata.................................................... 63 Vascular Plants........................................................ 63 Division Tracheophyta................................................. 63 Change log 65 References 69 Index 71 3 Introduction Purpose names because our current system does not enable us to handle accepted and provisional names separately. We want A primary purpose for which the Kenai National Wildlife to avoid implying that any of the provisional names we use Refuge was established in the Alaska National Interest are formally accepted by formatting them as proper scien- Lands Conservation Act of 1980 was, \to conserve fish and tific names. Also, note that our database enforces lower case wildlife populations and habitats in their natural diver- letters in our specific epithets so that, for example, \Rab- sity. ," where the term “fish and wildlife" was defined dophaga sp. BOLD:ADA9342" becomes \Rabdophaga sp. as \any member of the animal kingdom, including without bold:ada9342." limitation any mammal, fish, bird. , amphibian, reptile, Synonymies we included do not necessarily reflect our mollusk, crustacean, arthropod or other invertebrate." An opinions and are not intended as statements on correct tax- obvious first step toward fulfilling this purpose is to know onomy (we generally follow ITIS); rather, synonymns are what fish and wildlife, habitats, and natural diversity are to included in the index as an aid to the reader to help find be conserved. This checklist is intended to be a frequently- taxa for which names may have changed. updated document reflecting our current knowledge of which In the checklist non-native species are indicated with a living things call the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge home. dagger symbol (y) and species represented by both native and non-native populations are indicated with a double dag- ger symbol (z). About the list This list is dynamic and far from perfect with many changes and corrections yet to be made. Please The present list includes a total of 2,053 species: 207 send comments and corrections to Matt Bowser at vertebrates, 768 invertebrates, 500 vascular plants, 181 matt [email protected]. bryophytes, 368 fungi, and 29 unicellular organisms. Of these, 1,959 are considered to be native, 90 species are con- sidered to be non-native, and four species are represented Acknowledgments by both native and non-native populations. In addition, 18 non-native species are believed to have been extirpated from Thanks and credit are due to many people who have re- the Refuge. viewed this list, provided identifications, and helped in other Since the last version of this list (Kenai National Wildlife ways. The list below is by no means exhaustive. Refuge biology staff, 2016) where 1,952 species were listed, James Bergdahl (Conservation Biology Center, Spokane, there has been a net increase of 101 species. Notable addi- Washington) reviewed and made helpful comments on tions include the phylum Tardigrada and the domestic cat the Refuge's list of Carabidae. (Felis catus). See the change log (page 65) for details. The list was produced from an in-house database using Peter Hovingh provided a list of leeches (Hirudinea) col- ITIS (http://www.itis.gov) for its taxonomic backbone. Ac- lected on the Refuge. cordingly, names and hierarchies generally follow ITIS ex- cept where taxa are not represented in ITIS. John Hudson (USFWS, Juneau, Alaska) provided lists of Although accepted scientific names are used wherever Odonata observed on the Refuge. these are known, we have included provisional identifications Richard Payne (University of York, Heslington, UK) pro- (for example, \Typhula sp.") where these represent the best vided a list of protists from Jigsaw Lake from Payne information available. Species recognized only as molecu- et al.(2006). lar operational taxonomic units are also included, mainly entities recognized by Barcode Index Numbers (BINs, Rat- David Wartinbee (retired from Kenai Peninsula College, nasingham and Hebert, 2013). We have chosen not to fol- Soldotna, Alaska) shared a list of Chironomidae he had low the usual convention of italicizing genus and species collected on the Refuge. 5 Checklist of species occurring on the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge Vertebrates Common names: Sockeye salmon or kokanee Literature records: Kyle(1992) iNaturalist observations: Phylum Chordata 1021584 Class Actinopterygii Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Common names: Chinook salmon or king salmon Order Cypriniformes Prosopium cylindraceum Family Catostomidae Common names: Round whitefish Literature records: Kyle(1992) Catostomus catostomus Common names: Longnose sucker Salvelinus alpinus Common names: Arctic char Taxonomic notes: Two forms have been documented from the Refuge: the typical form and a semi-dwarf form known from Wolf Salvelinus malma and Finger Lakes (Dean and Rickabough, 2005). Common names: Dolly varden Distribution and trends: Widespread across Alaska, northern Literature records: Kyle(1992) iNaturalist observations: North America, and into Arctic Siberia (Page and Burr, 1991), This 811997 species is present in the Kenai River and Swanson River watersheds Salvelinus namaycush on the Refuge (Dean and Rickabough, 2005). Common names: Lake trout Biology: Catostomus catostomus is a bottom-feeder, consuming Literature records: Kyle(1992) mainly invertebrates (Mansfield, 2004). Literature records: Dean and Rickabough(2005), Friedersdorff yThymallus arcticus (1986), Friedersdorff and Jakubas(1984a), Friedersdorff and Jakubas Common names: Arctic grayling (1984b) Order Scorpaeniformes Order Gasterosteiformes Family Cottidae Family Gasterosteidae Cottus aleuticus Gasterosteus aculeatus Common names: Coastrange sculpin Common names: Threespine stickleback Literature records: Kyle(1992) Literature records: Kyle(1992) iNaturalist observations: Cottus cognatus 2138344 Common names: Slimy sculpin Pungitius pungitius Literature records: Kyle(1992) Common names: Tenspined stickleback Class Amphibia Order Salmoniformes Order Anura Family Salmonidae Family Ranidae Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Common names: Humpbacked salmon Lithobates sylvaticus Synonyms: Rana sylvatica Oncorhynchus keta Common names: Wood frog Common names: Chum salmon iNaturalist observations: 115158, 115166, 117220, 1816454 Oncorhynchus kisutch Common names: Coho salmon or silver salmon Class Aves Oncorhynchus mykiss Order Accipitriformes Common names: Steelhead Literature records: Kyle(1992) iNaturalist observations: Family Accipitridae 811982, 1814201 Accipiter gentilis Oncorhynchus nerka Common names: Northern goshawk 7 8 REFUGE CHECKLIST iNaturalist observations: 114273 Common names: Common goldeneye Accipiter striatus iNaturalist observations: 14378 Common names: Sharp-shinned