Architecting Next-Generation Networks Produced Exclusively for Broadcom by Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction....................................................................................................................1 Why Your Network Isn’t Good Enough..........................................................................................1 The Changes Add Up...........................................................................................................2 The Internet..............................................................................................................2 Voice and Video ......................................................................................................4 B2B E-Commerce....................................................................................................6 More and More Users ..............................................................................................7 A Device in Every Pocket........................................................................................9 The Problems Pile On ..........................................................................................................9 Network Efficiency................................................................................................10 Management and Design........................................................................................11 Security ..................................................................................................................11 The Evolving Network...................................................................................................................12 Bigger, Better, Faster, More ..............................................................................................13 Open Standards, Open Protocols .......................................................................................14 Designed for Mobility and Connectivity ...........................................................................14 Embedded Security ............................................................................................................15 Next-Generation Networking.........................................................................................................15 GbE ....................................................................................................................................16 Wireless..............................................................................................................................16 Switches .............................................................................................................................16 Servers................................................................................................................................17 Security ..............................................................................................................................17 Getting Ready ................................................................................................................................17 Education ...........................................................................................................................17 Future-Proofing Your Network..........................................................................................18 Summary........................................................................................................................................18 Chapter 2: Gigabit Ethernet Migration ..........................................................................................19 GbE Technology Primer ................................................................................................................20 Switches .............................................................................................................................20 Aggregation........................................................................................................................21 Duplex................................................................................................................................21 GbE Products .................................................................................................................................22 i Table of Contents GbE Deployment Strategy .............................................................................................................24 GbE Emerging Technologies.........................................................................................................30 TOE....................................................................................................................................30 RDMA................................................................................................................................31 iSCSI..................................................................................................................................32 iSCSI Extensions for RDMA.............................................................................................34 Looking Ahead...............................................................................................................................35 Summary........................................................................................................................................35 Chapter 3: Extending Enterprise Networks with Wi-Fi®...............................................................36 A Brief History of Wireless Networking.......................................................................................37 802.11 Legacy....................................................................................................................37 802.11b...............................................................................................................................37 802.11a...............................................................................................................................38 802.11g...............................................................................................................................38 802.11 Everything Else......................................................................................................39 How Wireless Networking Works.................................................................................................40 Basic Operations ................................................................................................................40 802.11 Legacy Specifics ....................................................................................................42 802.11b Specifics...............................................................................................................42 802.11a Specifics ...............................................................................................................43 802.11g Specifics...............................................................................................................43 Broadcom Xpress Frame Bursting Technology.................................................................43 Radios Matter.....................................................................................................................45 Mixed 802.11b and 802.11g Environments.......................................................................46 Building Wireless LANs................................................................................................................47 The Wired Connection.......................................................................................................47 802.11b Architecture..........................................................................................................48 802.11a and 802.11g Architecture.....................................................................................48 Wireless Security Concepts ...........................................................................................................49 WEP ...................................................................................................................................49 802.11i ...............................................................................................................................50 WPA...................................................................................................................................50 AES....................................................................................................................................50 ii Table of Contents 802.1X................................................................................................................................50 Putting It All Together.......................................................................................................51 The Wired Weak Point.......................................................................................................52 Architecting Secure, Next-Generation Wireless LANs.................................................................52 Prerequisites.......................................................................................................................52 Client Software Support.....................................................................................................52 Hardware Support ..............................................................................................................53