HERITAGE DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT HAVERINGLAND HALL Nr BRANDISTON NORFOLK JUNE 2016 Planning Authority: Broadlands District Council Site centred at: TG 14902 21429 Author: Peter Reeves BA (Jt Hons) MCIfA Approved by: Duncan Hawkins BA Hons MSc FSA MCIfA Report Status: FINAL Issue Date: June 2016 CgMs Ref: PR/22287 © CgMs Limited No part of this report is to be copied in any way without prior written consent. Every effort is made to provide detailed and accurate information, however, CgMs Limited cannot be held responsible for errors or inaccuracies within this report. © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 Heritage Desk-Based Assessment Haveringland Hall, Nr Brandiston, Norfolk CONTENTS Executive Summary 1.0 Introduction and Scope of Study 2.0 Development Plan Framework 3.0 Geology and Topography 4.0 Archaeological and Historical Background, with Assessment of Significance 5.0 Site Conditions, the Proposed Development and Potential Impact on Heritage Assets 6.0 Summary and Conclusions Sources Consulted LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Fig. 1 Site Location Fig. 2 HER Data Plot (data from Norfolk HER) Fig. 3 1599-1602 Cawston and Haveringland Parishes Map Fig. 4 1777 Haveringland Estate Fig. 5 1797 Faden Fig. 6 1810 Ordnance Survey Drawing Fig. 7 1826 Bryant Fig. 8 Heveringland Estate Fig. 9 1840 Cawston Tithe Map with Haveringland Tithe stitched to south and west Fig. 10 1891 Ordnance Survey Fig. 11 1907 Ordnance Survey Fig. 12 1920’s Haveringland Estate Sales Particular Fig. 13 1944 Swannington Airfield (Air Ministry) Fig. 14 1946 Aerial Photograph Fig. 15 1957 Ordnance Survey Fig. 16 1974-75 Ordnance Survey Fig. 17 1999 Aerial Photograph (Google Earth) Fig. 18 2007 Aerial Photograph (Google Earth) CgMs Limited © 1 PR/22287 Heritage Desk-Based Assessment Haveringland Hall, Nr Brandiston, Norfolk LIST OF PLATES Plate 1 Access Road viewed west toward North and South Lodges Plate 2 Access Road viewed to the south-east toward caravan park Plate 3 View north-east along airfield road leading from access road to Administration Buildings. Plate 4 RAF Swannington Eastern Perimeter road viewed from the south Plate 5 RAF Swannington Ration Store viewed from the south-west Plate 6 RAF Swannington Ration Store viewed from the north-west Plate 7 RAF Swannington Ration Store viewed from the south-east Plate 8 View west along access road leading from Eastern Perimeter to Ration Store CgMs Limited © 2 PR/22287 Heritage Desk-Based Assessment Haveringland Hall, Nr Brandiston, Norfolk EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Land adjacent to Haveringland Hall, Nr Brandiston, Norfolk is proposed for development. The site has been assessed for heritage assets specifically; any heritage assets comprising remnants of RAF Swannington (a World War II airfield), remnants of the landscaped park associated with Haveringland Hall and records relating to the discovery of human remains in 1944. There are no Scheduled Monuments or designated archaeological sites on the study site and any future development will not impact the setting or significance of the setting of any nearby designated heritage assets. A single non-designated archaeological asset is recorded adjacent to the south-east tip of the study site. However, the object is allocated an approximate location and therefore its precise relationship to the site is not confirmed. The site visit has determined that one of the buildings on the site is a remnant of the administration buildings servicing RAF Swannington. The building is the airfield’s former Ration Store. The hardstanding in front of the building and the roadways leading into the site were all constructed as part of the airfield. The building is currently utilised as a store for unwanted belongings generated by occupants moving out of the mobile homes on the site. A single building, directly associated with RAF Swannington, is extant on site. The former Rations Store is not a statutory or locally listed building and is not mentioned in the Norfolk Historic Environment Record (NHER). The building is now without context as all other buildings that may it may have been associated with have been demolished. The airfield has all but completely disappeared from the landscape and therefore the building’s original setting has been lost. The site visit determined that no elements of the landscaped park associated with Haveringland Hall were present on the site. However, the access road follows the route of the Hall’s western approach and the airbases Eastern Perimeter Road follows the route of a footpath observed in the layout of Haveringland Hall’s formal parkland. No additional information was located with regard to the discovery of human remains on the site. The Norfolk Historic Environment Record (NHER) identifies human remains, possibly two individuals, provisionally dated to the Bronze Age and found within or close to the development site. The site walkover did not identify any archaeological assets belonging to this period either within the site or its surrounds. CgMs Limited © 3 PR/22287 Heritage Desk-Based Assessment Haveringland Hall, Nr Brandiston, Norfolk The proposed development has a potential to impact on non-designated archaeological assets of local significance. The assessment concludes that a number of trial trenches should be excavated within the proposed development site. No clear archaeological targets have been identified by this assessment, although trenches should be located in areas of potential below-ground impact (as a result of proposed development) and should avoid any remains associated with RAF Swannington that would otherwise not be affected by the proposed development. With regard to the extant former Rations Store building associated with RAF Swannington, it is proposed that a programme of historic building recording is undertaken prior to demolition. This should be in line with a Level 1 survey as defined by Historic England (2016). CgMs Limited © 4 PR/22287 Heritage Desk-Based Assessment Haveringland Hall, Nr Brandiston, Norfolk 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF STUDY 1.1 This heritage desk-based assessment has been researched by James Archer and prepared by Peter Reeves of CgMs Consulting. 1.2 The assessment considers land adjacent to Haveringland Hall, Nr Brandiston, Norfolk. The site, also referred to as the study site, is approximately 1.18ha in extent, comprising an area for the expansion of the existing caravan/static home park (Figure 1). The site is bound to the north, east and south by a mixture of open land and woodland. Static caravans are located to the west of the site. The site is centred at National Grid Reference TG 31324 36109 and is currently in use as mown grassland maintained as part of the caravan park (Figure 1). 1.3 CgMs Consulting have been commissioned to establish the nature of any heritage assets on the site, both known and unknown, and to provide guidance on ways to accommodate any archaeological constraints identified. 1.4 In accordance with government policy (NPPF), this assessment draws together the available information from the Norfolk Historic Environment Record (NHER), the National Monuments Record (NMR), the Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS), the RAF Museum Hendon, as well as historic, topographic and land-use information in order to identify any heritage assets and understand the archaeological potential of the site. 1.5 Additionally, in accordance with the ‘Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Desk- Based Assessments’ (Chartered Institute for Archaeologists 2014), the assessment includes the results of an examination of published and unpublished material and charts historic land-use through a map regression exercise. 1.6 The assessment thus enables relevant parties to assess the archaeological potential of various parts of the site and to consider the need for design, civil engineering, and archaeological solutions to any constraints identified. CgMs Limited © 5 PR/22287 Heritage Desk-Based Assessment Haveringland Hall, Nr Brandiston, Norfolk 2.0 PLANNING BACKGROUND AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN FRAMEWORK 2.1 Legislation regarding archaeology, including scheduled ancient monuments, is contained in the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979, amended by the National Heritage Act 1983 and 2002. 2.2 In March 2012, the government published the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF), which replaced previous national policy relating to heritage and archaeology (PPS5: Planning Policy Statement 5: Planning for the Historic Environment). The National Planning Practice Guidance (NPPG) was published online 6th March 2014 and updated 10 April 2014 (http://planningguidance.planningportal.gov.uk) 2.3 The Planning Practice Guide previously issued in support of PPS5, together with accompanying English Heritage documentation, was cancelled 25 March 2015, to be replaced by three Good Practice Advice (GPA) documents published by Historic England: GPA 1: The Historic Environment in Local Plans; GPA 2: Managing Significance in Decision-Taking in the Historic Environment, and GPA 3: The Setting of Heritage Assets. 2.4 Government policy in relation to the historic environment is outlined in section 12 of the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF), entitled Conserving and Enhancing the Historic Environment. This provides guidance for planning authorities, property owners, developers and others on the conservation and investigation of heritage assets. Overall, the objectives of Section 12 of the NPPF can be summarised as seeking the: Delivery