Larus fuscus (Lesser Black-backed Gull) European Red List of Birds Supplementary Material The European Union (EU27) Red List assessments were based principally on the official data reported by EU Member States to the European Commission under Article 12 of the Birds Directive in 2013-14. For the European Red List assessments, similar data were sourced from BirdLife Partners and other collaborating experts in other European countries and territories. For more information, see BirdLife International (2015). Contents Reported national population sizes and trends p. 2 Trend maps of reported national population data p. 5 Sources of reported national population data p. 8 Species factsheet bibliography p. 12 Recommended citation BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. Further information http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/info/euroredlist http://www.birdlife.org/europe-and-central-asia/european-red-list-birds-0 http://www.iucnredlist.org/initiatives/europe http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/redlist/ Data requests and feedback To request access to these data in electronic format, provide new information, correct any errors or provide feedback, please email [email protected]. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Larus fuscus (Lesser Black-backed Gull) Table 1. Reported national breeding population size and trends in Europe1. Country (or Population estimate Short-term population trend4 Long-term population trend4 Subspecific population (where relevant) 2 territory) Size (pairs)3 Europe (%) Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Belgium 4,099-5,084 1 2008-2012 good + 15-300 2000-2012 good ? L. f. intermedius, S Scandinavia, Netherlands, Ebro Delta, Spain Denmark 5,000 1 2011 medium + 25-50 1999-2011 medium + 100-1000 1980-2011 medium L. f. intermedius, S Scandinavia, Netherlands, Ebro Delta, Spain DK: Faroe Is 9,000 2 1981 medium ? ? L. f. graellsii, Western Europe/Mediterranean & West Africa DK: Greenland 1,000-2,500 <1 2000-2012 poor + 50-100 2000-2012 poor + 1000 1980-2012 poor L. f. graellsii, Western Europe/Mediterranean & West Africa Estonia 10-30 <1 2008-2012 medium - 50-70 2001-2012 medium - 50-70 1980-2012 medium L. f. fuscus, NE Europe/Black Sea, SW Asia & Eastern Africa Finland 6,000-8,000 2 2006-2010 medium - 15-48 2001-2012 good - 41-62 1980-2012 good L. f. fuscus, NE Europe/Black Sea, SW Asia & Eastern Africa France 21,820-22,800 5 2009-2012 good 0 0 1998-2012 good + 67-69 1978-2012 good L. f. graellsii, Western Europe/Mediterranean & West Africa Germany 34,000-44,000 9 2005-2009 good + 41-100 1998-2009 medium + 31-400 1985-2009 medium L. f. intermedius, S Scandinavia, Netherlands, Ebro Delta, Spain Iceland 40,000-50,000 11 2004 good - 30-50 2004- good ? L. f. graellsii, Western Europe/Mediterranean & West Africa Rep. Ireland 4,239 1 2012 poor + 47 2002-2012 poor + 248 1987-2012 poor L. f. graellsii, Western Europe/Mediterranean & West Africa Netherlands 90,000-117,000 24 2009-2011 good + 10-30 2002-2011 good + 869-880 1980-2011 good L. f. intermedius, S Scandinavia, Netherlands, Ebro Delta, Spain Norway 49,000 12 2013 good 0 0 2003-2013 good F 0 1974-2013 good L. f. intermedius, S Scandinavia, Netherlands, Ebro Delta, Spain Norway 1,300 <1 2013 good + 5-50 2003-2013 good - 50-75 1986-2013 good L. f. fuscus, NE Europe/Black Sea, SW Asia & Eastern Africa NO: Svalbard 1-3 <1 2006-2013 good ? ? L. f. fuscus, NE Europe/Black Sea, SW Asia & Eastern Africa Poland 1-5 <1 2008-2012 medium F 0 2000-2012 good + 1986-2012 good L. f. fuscus, NE Europe/Black Sea, SW Asia & Eastern Africa Portugal 10-25 <1 2008-2012 medium ? ? L. f. graellsii, Western Europe/Mediterranean & West Africa Russia 4,000-6,500 1 2000-2012 medium ? ? L. f. fuscus, NE Europe/Black Sea, SW Asia & Eastern Africa Russia ≥1,000- <1 2000-2012 poor ? ? L. f. heuglini Spain 298 <1 2006-2007 good - 35-40 2001-2009 good - 1980-2009 good L. f. graellsii, Western Europe/Mediterranean & West Africa THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Larus fuscus (Lesser Black-backed Gull) Table 1. Reported national breeding population size and trends in Europe1. Country (or Population estimate Short-term population trend4 Long-term population trend4 Subspecific population (where relevant) 2 territory) Size (pairs)3 Europe (%) Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality ES: Canary Is 15 <1 2001-2002 good + 2001-2012 medium + 1980-2012 poor L. f. graellsii, Western Europe/Mediterranean & West Africa Sweden 6,500-13,000 2 2008-2012 good - 10-30 2001-2012 medium 0 0 1980-2012 medium L. f. intermedius, S Scandinavia, Netherlands, Ebro Delta, Spain Sweden 6,500-11,000 2 2008-2012 good 0 0 2001-2012 medium - 30-70 1980-2012 medium L. f. fuscus, NE Europe/Black Sea, SW Asia & Eastern Africa United Kingdom 110,000 26 1998-2002 good - 30 1999-2011 good + 40 1986-2000 good L. f. graellsii, Western Europe/Mediterranean & West Africa EU27 288,000-340,000 74 Stable Europe 394,000-460,000 100 Increasing 1 See 'Sources' at end of factsheet, and for more details on individual EU Member State reports, see the Article 12 reporting portal at http://bd.eionet.europa.eu/article12/report. 2 The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. 3 In the few cases where population size estimates were reported in units other than those specified, they were converted to the correct units using standard correction factors. 4 The robustness of regional trends to the effects of any missing or incomplete data was tested using plausible scenarios, based on other sources of information, including any other reported information, recent national Red Lists, scientific literature, other publications and consultation with relevant experts. 5 Trend directions are reported as: increasing (+); decreasing (-); stable (0); fluctuating (F); or unknown (?). 6 Trend magnitudes are rounded to the nearest integer. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Larus fuscus (Lesser Black-backed Gull) Table 2. Reported national wintering population sizes and trends in Europe1. Note that some countries within the species' wintering range did not report any data, and that only minimum totals are presented, to avoid double-counting of birds moving between countries. Country (or Population estimate Short-term population trend4 Long-term population trend4 Subspecific population (where relevant) 2 territory) Size (individuals)3 Europe (%) Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Albania 1-5 <1 2002-2012 medium 0 0 2002-2012 medium 0 0 1980-2012 poor Azerbaijan Present <1 2012 ? ? Belgium 3,500-4,500 1 2004-2012 medium ? ? Bulgaria 0-3 <1 2008-2012 medium ? ? Croatia 10-50 <1 2011 poor ? ? DK: Faroe Is 0-10 <1 1992 medium ? ? Georgia Present <1 2012 ? ? Rep. Ireland 10,363 3 2006-2011 medium ? ? Moldova 0 <1 2000-2010 medium ? ? Montenegro 0-1 <1 2003-2012 good ? ? Portugal Present <1 2012 ? ? Slovenia 0-1 <1 2008-2012 good F 0-100 2001-2012 medium F 0 1980-2012 medium Spain 320,600 96 2009 good + 2000-2010 good + 7 1980-2009 good Switzerland 8-15 <1 2008-2012 ? ? Turkey 30-90 <1 2002-2012 poor ? ? Ukraine 100-200 <1 1998-2009 medium - 10-20 1998-2009 medium F 10-25 1980-2009 medium EU27 334,000-335,000 100 Increasing Europe 335,000-336,000 100 Increasing 1 See 'Sources' at end of factsheet, and for more details on individual EU Member State reports, see the Article 12 reporting portal at http://bd.eionet.europa.eu/article12/report. 2 The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. 3 In the few cases where population size estimates were reported in units other than those specified, they were converted to the correct units using standard correction factors. 4 The robustness of regional trends to the effects of any missing or incomplete data was tested using plausible scenarios, based on other sources of information, including any other reported information, recent national Red Lists, scientific literature, other publications and consultation with relevant experts. 5 Trend directions are reported as: increasing (+); decreasing (-); stable (0); fluctuating (F); or unknown (?). 6 Trend magnitudes are rounded to the nearest integer. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Trend maps A symbol appears in each country where the species occurs: the shape and colour of the symbol represent the population trend in that country, and the size of the symbol corresponds to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country. KEY Ç Large increase (≥50%) È Large decrease (≥50%) Ç Moderate increase (20–49%) È Moderate decrease (20–49%) Ç Small increase (<20%) È Small decrease (<20%) ñ Increase of unknown magnitude ò Decrease of unknown magnitude å Stable or fluctuating 0 Unknown ¢ Present (no population or trend data) Ð Extinct since 1980 Each symbol, with the exception of Present and Extinct, may occur in up to three different size classes, corresponding to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country.