Contents Preface . iii Acronyms and Abbreviations. xiii Introduction. 1 Part 1—Soyuz. 3 1.1 General Description . 3 1.2 Historical Overview . 3 1.2.1 First Prospectus for Circumlunar Travel (1962) . 3 1.2.2 Second Prospectus for Circumlunar Travel (1963) . 4 1.2.3 Polyot 1 and 2 (1963-1964) . 5 1.2.4 Manned Lunar Program (1964-1976) . 5 1.2.5 Salyut 1 (1970-1971) . 6 1.2.6 Early Soyuz Ferry (1973-1977) . 6 1.2.7 Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (1973-1976) . 6 1.2.8 Progress and Soyuz (1977-Present) . 6 1.2.9 Soyuz Generations . 7 1.2.10 Crew Code Names . 7 1.3 The Original Soyuz (1966-1970) . 8 1.3.1 Original Soyuz Specifications . 9 1.3.2 Original Soyuz Notable Features . 9 1.3.3 Original Soyuz Mission Descriptions . 10 1.4 L1 (Zond): Circumlunar Spacecraft (1967-1969) . 12 1.4.1 L1 Specifications . 13 1.4.2 L1 Notable Features . 13 1.4.3 L1 Mission Descriptions . 14 1.5 L2 (Lunar Orbit Module): Lunar Mission Command Ship (1971-1974) . 16 1.5.1 L2 Specifications . 17 1.5.2 L2 Notable Features . 17 1.5.3 L2 Mission Descriptions . 18 1.6 L3: Lunar Lander (1970-1974) . 19 1.6.1 L3 Specifications . 19 1.6.2 L3 Notable Features . 20 1.6.3 L3 Mission Descriptions . 21 1.7 Salyut 1-Type Soyuz (1971) . 22 1.7.1 Salyut 1-Type Soyuz Specifications . 23 v 1.7.2 Salyut 1-Type Soyuz Notable Features . 23 1.7.3 Salyut 1-Type Soyuz Mission Descriptions . 23 1.8 Soyuz Ferry (1973-1981) . 24 1.8.1 Soyuz Ferry Specifications . 24 1.8.2 Soyuz Ferry Notable Features . 24 1.8.3 Soyuz Ferry Detailed Description . 24 1.8.4 Soyuz Ferry Mission Descriptions . 26 1.8.4.1 Soyuz Ferry Test Missions . 26 1.8.4.2 Soyuz Ferry Missions to Salyut 3 . 27 1.8.4.3 Soyuz Ferry Missions to Salyut 4 . 27 1.8.4.4 Soyuz Ferry Missions to Salyut 5 . 28 1.8.4.5 Soyuz Ferry Missions to Salyut 6 . 29 1.9 ASTP Soyuz (1974-1976) . 33 1.9.1 ASTP Soyuz Specifications . 33 1.9.2 ASTP Soyuz Notable Features. 33 1.9.3 ASTP Soyuz Mission Descriptions . 34 1.10 Progress (1975-1990) . 36 1.10.1 Progress Specifications . 36 1.10.2 Progress Notable Features . 36 1.10.3 Progress Detailed Description . 36 1.10.4 Progress Mission Descriptions. 37 1.10.4.1 Progress Test Mission to Salyut 4 . 37 1.10.4.2 Progress Missions to Salyut 6 . 38 1.10.4.3 Progress Missions to Salyut 7 . 39 1.10.4.4 Progress Missions to Mir . 40 1.10.5 Progress-Derived Space Station Modules . 41 1.11 Progress-M (1989-Present) . 43 1.11.1 Progress-M Specifications79 . ..