Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-03756-3 - Life between Memory and Hope: The Survivors of the Holocaust in Occupied Germany Zeev W. Mankowitz Index More information Index Notes 1 Page numbers in italics indicate illustrations. 2 Most references are to Jews in American Zone of Occupied Germany (and Austria), except where otherwise indicated. DPs (displaced persons) is used to refer mainly to Jewish people. References to Nazis and the effects of the Second World War are omitted as they are implied throughout. AACI see Anglo-American Committee of assimilation as cause of, 181–183 Inquiry on Palestine discussed in Landsberger Lager Tsaytung, Abelski, B., 205n 165–167, 172–173, 181–184 Adcock, General, 260 renewed after war, 173, 183–184, Adler, Mikl´os,86 243–244, 251–262, 269 Adler-Rudel, Shlomo, 104 see also German people; pogroms Agudat Yisrael school, 133 Arendt, Hannah, 291 Ainring, 110 Argentina, 73 AJDC see Joint Distribution Committee Argov, Meir, 66 Akabas, Doctor, 199 armed resistance, 83, 156, 159 Akselrod, A., 204n, 208 honored in remembrance, 209–214, Albrich, Thomas, 270n 219, 221, 223 Aldak, D., 232 see also Warsaw Ghetto Revolt Aleksandrovitz, Chaim, 38n, 45n Armenians, 167 aliyah, 44, 188–189 Army meaning of, 272 American see US Army see also illegal immigrants; Mossad British, 17, 65, 90, 300 Le-Aliyah Bet; Palestine; Zionism French, 212 Allard, Marjorie, 290n Israeli, 302 Altman, Tusia, 148, 149n, 156 Jews in, 78; see also Jewish Brigade America see United States Polish, 18, 30, 163, 173 American Jewish Conference, 145–146, Red, 24, 149, 159, 238 186 Third, 16, 57, 108, 113, 264 American Joint Distribution Committee Asch, Sholem, 82 see Joint Distribution Committee Association of National Youth, 36 American Zone, survivors in see survival Association of Surviving Jews in the Amery, Jean, 230–231 American Occupied Zone of Bavaria, Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry on 47–49 Palestine, 22–23, 77, 120–129 Attlee, Clement, 62, 77, 120–121 recommends 100,000 to enter Palestine, Auerbach, Phillip, 243 128–129, 226, 261–262, 271–273, Aumer, Doctor, 262 275 Auschwitz, 24, 31, 35, 81, 154, 258 Anilewicz, Mordechai, 156 Australia, 273 Ansbach, 110, 138, 141 Austria see preliminary note to index antisemitism, 52, 71–75, 243–244 Avidov, Yitzchak (Pasha Reichman), 237 318 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-03756-3 - Life between Memory and Hope: The Survivors of the Holocaust in Occupied Germany Zeev W. Mankowitz Index More information Index 319 Avigeto, G., 223n and need for Jewish State, 72n, 157, Avigur, Shaul, 237 274, 276, 296 Avni, Chaim, 21n, 94n party see Mapai on role of She’erith Hapleitah, 173 Ba-ma’avak,42 and UZO, 90, 97, 300 Babenhausen sanatorium, 102 Berchtesgaden, 240 Babi Yar, 249 Berdichevsky, Aaron, 100n Bad Nauheim, 252 Berenbaum, Michael, 8n Bad Reichenall, 159 Bergen-Belsen, 49, 51, 102, 105n, 120, Bad Toelz, 40 207 Baeck, Rabbi Leo, 122 liberation of, 8, 230 Balfour Declaration, 73, 77, 83 numbers in, 15 Balkans, 13, 35 Berger, C., 230n, 232, 233n Baltic States (and DPs from), 2, 13, 14, Berkman, Azriel, 101n 56, 59 Berlin, Isaiah, 292n see also Lithuania Berlin, 7, 15, 219, 237 Bamberg, 110, 136, 218, 258–259 Bernstein, Rabbi Phillip S., 20n, 255n, newspaper (Undzer Vort), 205–206, 210 260, 270, 275n, 281 Bar Kochbah revolt, 212 Bernstein, Victor H., 261 Baron, Zvi, 162n Besserglik, M., 235, 238n barter see grey market Betar Revisionist youth movement, 40, 280 Basel, Zionist Congress in, 279–282 Bethell, Nicholas, 77n Bauer, Yehuda Bettelheim, Bruno, 37n, 287, 291 and aliyah, 274n Bevin, Ernest, 77, 78, 127, 273 on American reports, 53n Birkenau, 31 and destruction of Jewish Kovno, 24n, black market, 243–244, 255, 277–278 40n Blatt, Tuviah, 223n and DPs’ flight and rescue, 4–5, 8, Blumenfeld, Yisrael, 73n 14–15, 16n, 17n, 18n Blumovicz, Abraham, 135n, 136n, and East European Survivors Brigade, 157–158, 161n, 230n, 243n, 252n, 90n 276 and Rifkind, 110n Bogner, Nachum, 8 Baumel, Yehudit Tidor, 8, 26, 28n Brandes, Zvi, 150n, 151n, 155n Bavaria Brichah, 4–5, 17, 18–19, 66, 131, 292, 293 book of survivors (Shearit Hapletah), 2 and Central Committee, 103, 105–112, She’erith Hapleitah referring to survivors 115, 122, 130 in, 1 and confrontation with Germany, see also Central Committee; United 235–237 Zionist Organization and education, politics of, 140, 149 Beckelman, M., 137n, 138n towards 1947, 268, 270 Becker, Levy, 110n, 114n, 115, 116 and unity, quest for, 92, 93 Bedell-Smith, General, 60n, 64, 67–68, Britain, 5, 7, 129 108, 110 Army, 17, 65, 90, 300 Belsen see Bergen-Belsen Balfour Declaration, 73, 77, 83 Ben-Asher, Chaim, 42–43, 46, 48–49, 206 BBC, 34 Ben-Gurion, David and Central Committee, 129; proposed and Anglo-American Committee of transfer of children to, 103–104, 105 Inquiry, 122–123 and formation of She’erith Hapleitah, 48, and Central Committee, 102, 105n 49 on DPs in American Zone, 60n, 65, and international arena of She’erith 67–68, 108 Hapleitah, 55, 60–62, 65 on education, 95 Jews in, 125 on Jewish nationality, 38 and Landsberger Lager Tsaytung, 177, on kibbutzim, 99n 179–180, 183 and General Morgan, 109n Navy, clashes with, 159, 301 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-03756-3 - Life between Memory and Hope: The Survivors of the Holocaust in Occupied Germany Zeev W. Mankowitz Index More information 320 Index Britain (cont.) towards 1947, 270, 274, 277 November 1944–July 1945, 34, 49, 61 transfers without notice, 258–259 and Palestine, 7, 73, 77, 83, 104, 119; Zeilsheim, 20, 55, 64, 132–133, 277, 295 see also White Paper see also in particular Feldafing; Kaufering; partition plan (1937), 274 Landsberg as prosecutor for war crimes see Canada, 13, 104 Nuremberg trials Carlebach, Azriel, 122n retreat from Mandate, 299–301 Caruth, Cathy, 286–287 towards 1947, 264, 272, 273–275; Caspi, Major, 47n protests against, 271 CDPX (Combined Displaced Persons and unity, quest for, 90 Executive), 12 and Zionism, hopes of, 73, 75, 76–78, Center for Diaspora Communities, 66 83 Central Committee of the Liberated Jews Zone in Germany, 8, 49 in Germany (ZK ), 101–130 see also Labour government; White Paper and AACI, 120–129 Brit Lochamim Yehudiim (Covenant of children, proposed transfer to Western Jewish Combatants), 157 Europe and America, 103–105, 107, Buchberg, 40, 43, 57 113 Buchenwald, 3, 24–26, 88, 112–113, 287 and confrontation with Germany, and Communist Party, 25 227–230, 240, 242–243, 250, Kibbutz, 8, 24, 28–29, 50, 146, 194–195, 252–253, 258 206, 244 Congress of 1946, 118–120, 264 liberation, 26, 27 Culture Department, 135, 137, 217 list of survivors, 26 and education, politics of, 135, 137, Techiyat Hametim, 23, 26, 27 139, 148 trial of personnel, 253 elections to, 116–117, 264 Bull, Major General H. R., 264n and formation of She’erith Hapleitah, 24, Bundists, 27, 47, 124, 162, 212 39, 41, 51 and Zionism, hopes of, 70, 73–76, 81 and “infiltration” of refugees from east, Burstein, Rabbi Eliezer, 70, 241 105–113 Burstein, Michael, 29–30 and international arena of She’erith Hapleitah, 56, 57, 68 Callman, Rudolf, 52n and JDC, 112–116 camps, concentration see concentration Judicial Department, 252–253 camps and Landsberger Lager Tsaytung, 162, 172 camps for DPs, 8, 13, 20–22, 288 newspaper see Undzer Veg and Central Committee, 101, 103, 106, Paris delegation, 276 107, 109, 110, 112–113, 117, 120, and remembrance, 195–197, 200, 202, 126 214, 216–218 and confrontation with Germany, 240, towards 1947, 263–273, 276–280 256–257, 259, 260 and Zionism, hopes of, 65n, 69, 77 and education, politics of, 132–133, Central Historical Commission, 214–220 144–146, 149, 151, 155, 157 journal see Fun Letstn Khurbn Foehrenwald, 20, 77, 106, 132–133, Chazan, Ya’akov, 93 217, 219, 260 Chelmno, 205 and formation of She’erith Hapleitah, children 39–41, 45–46 emotional problems of, 137, 139–140, improved, 63–67 142, 145, 148–149, 151–154 and international arena of She’erith homes for orphans, 138, 139 Hapleitah, 55, 57, 63–67 in kibbutzim, 138–140, 142–149, 146 journalism see Landsberger Lager Tsaytung not saved, 224 Leipheim, 20, 199–200, 211, 223 numbers of, 19, 131–132, 133, 136, 268 and remembrance, 196, 198–201, proposed transfer to Western Europe 204–206, 211–213, 217, 219, and America, 26, 103–105, 107, 113 223–224 see also education; youth © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-03756-3 - Life between Memory and Hope: The Survivors of the Holocaust in Occupied Germany Zeev W. Mankowitz Index More information Index 321 Cholawski, Shalom, 158, 159n Coordination of Pioneering Youth, 100 chosen people concept, relinquishing, Council of Jewish Affairs, 259 165–166 Council of Liberated Jews, 101, 175, Christinaity, 81, 88, 167, 298 274–275 Catholics blame Satan, 231 see also Central Committee Churchill, Sir Winston, 62, 76–77 Council for Welfare Divisions in Clark, General, 269–270 Dispersion, 111–112 Clarke, Lieutenant Edwin, 264 Covenant of Jewish Combatants, 157 Cochavi, Yehoyakim, 142n criminals, war see trials Cohen, Chaim, 33n, 45 Crossman, Richard, 121, 123, 127, 128n, Cohen, Henry, 260n 129 Cohen, Michael J., 6n, 63n, 121n Crum, Bartley, 123, 124, 125–126 Cold War, 16, 180 Cultural Mission of World Jewish collaborators, 13, 204–205, 207–208 Congress, 195, 202 Combined Displaced Persons Executive, Cyprus, 8, 188, 301 12 Czechoslovakia (and DPs from), 12, 14, commemoration see remembrance 17, 19, 58, 88, 105, 169, 214 Committee on Jewish Affairs, 243 and formation of