COMPLEXUL MUZEAL DE ŞTIINŢELE NATURII „ION BORCEA” BACĂU STUDII ŞI COMUNICĂRI 2007 - 2008 Vol. 22: 90 – 96 PART III – MUSEOGRAPHY THE TEMPORARY EXHIBITION „MUSHROOM DELICACY, MEDICINE, POISON” OTILIA CARMEN PAVEL1, ORTANSA JIGĂU1 ABSTRACT The temporary exhibition „Mushrooms - delicacy, medicine, poison” was organized by “Ion Borcea” Natural Sciences Museum Complex Bacău and the Mycological Society of Romania. The 107 species of macromycetes collected from Slănic-Moldova and Traian areas were displayed in this exhibition according to scientific, aesthetic and didactic criteria. The macromycetes species belong to 9 biological forms and 6 ecological categories. Key words: fungi, macromycetes, exhibition, museum, Bacău, Romania. Introduction important guests such as proffesor Dr. Mihai The 19th edition of National Symposium of Mititiuc - president of the Mycological Society of Micology, was organized in Bacău by the “Ion Romania, Proffesor Dr. Toader Chifu - vice- Borcea” Natural Sciences Museum Complex Bacău president of the same society, and Mitocaru Victor - and the Mycological Society of Romania during 29 vice-president of Bacau County Council held August – 1 September 2007. speeches stressing the importance of this exhibition The activities of the symposium were: and of the ecological and taxonomic mushroom scientifical paper session on 30 August 2007; field researches. application in forests from Nemira Mountains and The species from the exhibition were presented by Professor Dr. Tănase Cătălin who Traian village, Bacău County on 31 August 2007; underlined the diversity of edible, toxic and non- determination of mycological material collected and edible mushroom, along with some aspects related to organization of fresh mushroom exhibition în the morphology and identification of different taxa. period 31 August - 1 September 2007 and the At the opening of the exhibition were invited opening of fresh mushroom exhibition. Romanian mycologists, guests from various The temporary exhibition „Mushrooms - institutions of Bacău County: local administration, delicacy, medicine, poison” was realized with the culture, education and research, mass-media. support of mycologists who participated at the symposium in collaboration with the museographs Material and method and conservators of the “Ion Borcea” Natural The mycological application (31 August Sciences Museum Complex Bacău. 2007) was organised in coniferous and deciduous The opening of the exhibition took place at forests from Slănic Moldova and Traian region. Natural Sciences Museum of Bacău on 1st of At the mycological field application in September 2007. Nemira Mountains attended 60 specialists The opening sppech was held by Dr. Gurău (mycologists, botanists and biologists with other Gabriela - manager of the “Ion Borcea” Natural specialties). They followed 4 touristic route which Sciences Museum Complex from Bacău. Some had the starting and the destination points in Slăanic Moldova resort: Sănic Moldova: „300 de scări” – 1 “Ion Borcea” Natural Science Musezm Complex Bacău, Aleea Dobru Mount; Slănic valley – Slănic Moldova Parcului nr. 9, Bacău, e-mai: [email protected]; touristic halt; Piatra stream valley – Cerdac – Slănic [email protected] valley; Slănic valley – Cerdac. 90 The mycological material was collected cultural and scientific event which contributed to the from different plant associations: Pulmonario rubrae spreading of knowledge about edible and toxic - Fagetum (Soó 1964) Täuber 1987, Leucanthemo mushroom species growing in Bacău County. waldsteinii – Fagetum (Soó1964) Täuber 1987, A number of 107 mushroom species collected Carpino – Fagetum Paucă 1941, Symphyto cordati – from Slănic-Moldova and Traian areas were Fagetum Vida 1959. presented in this exhibition according to scientific, The collected mushrooms specimens were aesthetic and didactic criteria. The macromycetes identified using the mycological literature. species belong to 9 biological forms and 6 There were collected 107 taxa belonging to 2 ecological categories. kingdoms out of which one species belongs to As a result of field application and temporary Protozoa Kingdom and 106 species belong to Fungi exhibition the macromicete collection of the “Ion Kingdom. Borcea” Natural Science Museum Complex from The mushroom species collected in the Bacău acquired a number of 100 new heritage mycological application and exhibited in the museum specimens. temporary exhibition are systematically listed in Table 1, after Kirk and collab., 2009 (11). Rezumat The clasification of the macromycets regarding Simpozionul Naţional de Micologie, ediţia a the bioform (life form), the food value and toxicity was made after Sălăgeanu G., 1985 (10). XIX-a, a fost organizat la Bacău, de Complexul Muzeal de Ştiinţele Naturii “Ion Borcea” Bacău, în Results and discussions colaborare cu Societatea Micologică din România, The 107 species of mushrooms identified în perioada 29 august – 1 septembrie 2007. belong to: 2 kingdooms (1 to Protozoa and 106 to Expoziţia temporară cu titlul “Ciupercile, Fungi), 3 phylums (1 species from Amoebozoa, 8 delicatesă, medicament, otravă” a fost realizată de from Ascomycota and 98 from Basidiomycota), 5 către specialiştii micologi care au participat la classes, 15 orders, 34 families, 61 genera (Table 1). simpozion, în colaborare cu muzeografii şi The genera with the most numerous species are conservatorii din cadrul Complexul Muzeal de Russula with 14 species and Marasmius with 5 species. Ştiinţele Naturii “Ion Borcea” Bacău (31 august - 1 The macromycetes species belong to 9 septembrie 2007). biological forms and 6 ecological categories (Table 1). Materialul micologic a fost colectat din The bioformes spectrum is dominated by pădurile din judeţul Bacău, a fost determinat de către mycetogeophyta mycorrhiza (Gm) with 31 species. micologi şi a fost expus după criterii ştiinţifice şi The ecological spectrum is dominated by mycorrhizes didactice. fungi with 31 species. Au fost colectaţi 107 taxoni ce aparţin la: 2 From the economic importance point of view regnuri (Protozoa şi Fungi), 3 încrengături the most numeros are the inedible species – 63, (1 Amoebozoa, 8 Ascomycota şi 98 Basidiomycota), followed by the edible species – 35, toxic species - 6 3 clase, 15 ordine, 34 familii şi 61 genuri. and medicinal mushrooms - 3 species. Din analiza categoriilor ecologice, se constată Out of the edible mushrooms 23 species have că cele mai numeroase sunt speciile saprofite 49, a low food value (X), 7 have a medium food value urmate de macromicetele micorizante 31. (XX) and 5 species have a very high food value (XXX). În cadrul expoziţiei au fost prezentate publicului: 107 specii de ciuperci, dintre care 63 de Conclusions ciuperci necomestibile, 35 specii comestibile, 6 The temporary exhibition „Mushrooms - toxice şi 3 specii medicinale. delicacy, medicine, poison” was an important Table 1 - The mycological material collected on 31 august 2007 No. Species Biological Ecological Economic Slanic - Traian forms category importance Moldova Kingdom PROTOZOA Phylum Amoebozoa, Class Myxogastria Order Physarida, Family Physaraceae 1. Fuligo septica var. septica (L.) F.H. Wigg. + - Kingdom FUNGI Phylum Ascomycota Class Pezizomycetes 91 Order Pezizales Family Helvellaceae 2. Helvella elastica Bull. Gs St + - 3. Helvella lacunosa Afzel. Gs-EPx St X + - Family Sarcoscyphaceae Class Sordariomycetes Order Hypocreales Family Hypocreaceae 4. Hypomyces aurantius (Pers.) Fuckel + on fruitbody of Xerocomus sp. Order Xylariales Family Xylariaceae 5. Hypoxylon fragiforme (Pers.) J. Kickx f. EPx Sl + - 6. Kretzschmaria deusta (Hoffm.) P.M.D. Martin EPx Sl + + 7. Xylaria carpophila (Pers.) Fr. EPx Sl + - 8. Xylaria hypoxylon (L.) Grev. EPx Sl + - 9. Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grev EPx Sl + + Phylum Basidiomycota Class Agaricomycetes Order Agaricales Family Agaricaceae 10. Agaricus campestris var. campestris L. Gs St XXX + - 11. Lepiota castanea Quél Gs St + - 12. Crucibulum laeve (Huds.) Kambly EPx Sl + - 13. Cyathus striatus (Huds.) Willd EPx-Gs Sl + - 14. Bovista nigrescens Pers. Gs St X + - 15. Lycoperdon perlatum Pers Gs St X + - 16. Lycoperdon pyriforme Schaeff. EPx Sl + - Family Amanitaceae 17. Amanita crocea (Quél.) Singer Gm M + - 18. Amanita muscaria var. muscaria (L.) Lam. Gm M †† + - 19. Amanita rubescens var. rubescens Pers. Gm M XXX + - Family Incertae sedis 20. Panaeolus papilionaceus var. papilionaceus (Bull.) Quél. Th St + - Family Inocybaceae 21. Inocybe asterospora Quél. Gm M †† + - 22. Inocybe geophylla var. lilacina Gillet Gm M †† + - 23. Inocybe rimosa (Bull.) P. Kumm. Gm M †† + - Family Fistulinaceae 24. Fistulina hepatica (Schaeff.) With. Ex-EPx SPl X + - Family Hydnangiaceae 25. Laccaria laccata (Scop.) Cooke Gm M X + - Family Marasmiaceae 26. Gymnopus confluens (Pers.) Antonín, Halling & Noordel. Gs St + + 27. Gymnopus dryophilus (Bull.) Murrill Gs Sf X + + 28. Gymnopus peronatus (Bolton) Antonín Gs Sf + + 29. Marasmius alliaceus (Jacq.) Fr. Gs Sf + - 30. Marasmius oreades (Bolton) Fr. Gp Sf XXX + + 31. Marasmius rotula (Scop.) Fr. EPx-Gs St + - 32. Marasmius scorodonius (Fr.) Fr. Gp Sl X + - 33. Marasmius wynnei Berk. & Broome Gs Sf + - 34. Rhodocollybia maculata var. maculata (Alb. & Schwein.) Singer Gs St - + Family Mycenaceae 35. Mycena crocata (Schrad.) P. Karst Gs St + - 36. Mycena galericulata (Scop.) Gray Ex-EPx SPl + + 92 37. Mycena haematopus (Pers.) P. Kumm. EPx Sl + - 38. Mycena pura (Pers.) P. Kumm Gs St + + Family Physalacriaceae Gs Sf 39. Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm. Ex-EPx