Electric Transportation 101 Land of Sky Overview Meeting August 16, 2010 Agenda • History of Electric Transportation • Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) – Definitions > Models > Benefits • Neighborhood Electric Vehicles > Models – Features • Infrastructure – Charging Levels – Charging Station Components – Charging Station Models – Charging Locations Electric Vehicle History 1834: First electric car 1908: Henry Ford introduces Model T 1904 Baker EV 1920’s: Electric cars are no longer a viable consumer product 1968-1978: Congress passes safety and emissions regulatory statues 1996 - 1999: GM EV-1 2010-12: Launch of Plug-in Electric Vehicles Electric Drive Vehicles Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) Hybrid (HEV) PHEV All Electric Parallel Series (EREV) Primary Fuel Gasoline Electricity Electricity Electricity Secondary Fuel N/A Gasoline Gasoline N/A Wheels Driven by Gas Engine with Gas Engine and Electric Motor Electric Motor electric motor electric motor assist Range (miles) Electric: Minimal Electric: ~40 Electric: ~40 Electric: ~100+ Gas: 300+ Gas: 300+ Gas: 300+ Parallel PHEV Series (EREV) Generator Electric Motor Transmission Battery Pack Engine Many makes and models PHEV or EREV ALL ELECTRIC ? ? Nissan Leaf Mitsubishi iMIEV GM PHEV Chevrolet Volt Toyota Prius Smart ED ? Production Cadillac Converj BYD 3DFM Fisker Karma Ford Focus Ford Transit Tesla Connect VW Golf Ford Escape PHEV BMW Concept Chrysler/Fiat EV TwinDrive Mini-E Subaru R1e Demo/Concept Hyundai Blue-Will Volvo C30 Kia Ray Mercedes BlueCell Tesla Model S Toyota FT-EV For additional vehicle information visit: http://www.pluginamerica.org/plug-in-vehicle-tracker.html Benefits of PEVs Lower Cost Fewer Emissions Domestic Fuel Better Performance Neighborhood Electric Vehicles Low-Speed: maximum speed of 25 mph Short Range: typical range below 50 miles All-electric : NEVs do not use gasoline Charging: 120V or 240V Charging Stations Charging Station Levels • 120 VAC, 16 A 1 • 8 to 10 hour daily charge* • 208/240 VAC, 80 A maximum • Most common: 208/240 VAC, 30A (6.6 KW) 2 • 2 to 4 hour daily charge* • Over 240 VAC • 480 VDC - Fast Charge • Currently no SAE • TEPCO-based? 3 activity on Level 3 DC • 80% in under 30 min* * Estimated charge times are based on a vehicle utilizing 40 miles of electric only driving between charges. Charging Components Level 1 •Separate Cord Set •Standardized Connector at Vehicle End •Standard three-prong plug connects with grounded receptacle Level 2 •Cord set is part of charging station •Standardized Connector at Vehicle End •Hard-wired connection at charging station •GFI included •Multiple Communication Options Variety of Options Electric Transportation 101 [email protected] Advanced Energy Cyrus Dastur 909 Capability Drive, Suite 2100 Raleigh, NC 27606 [email protected] 919-857-9000 919-857-9000 ext. 9005 AdvancedEnergy.org Copyright © 2010 North Carolina Advanced Energy Corporation. All rights reserved. No part of this presentation may be reproduced, distributed or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by use of any information storage and retrieval system, without the written consent of North Carolina Advanced Energy Corporation. Community Planning for Plug-In Electric Vehicles Land of Sky Overview Meeting August 16, 2010 Presentation Overview How do we define “community” with respect to PEV planning? Why should we plan for PEVs at that community level? What is our current planning model? The PEV Planning Community Municipal Governments Businesses . PEV Ownership . PEV Ownership . Regulation . Electric Utilities . Infrastructure . Fleet Operators . Education . PEV Industry Citizens . PEV Ownership . Formal & Informal Networks Why Plan at the Community Level? Positive owner experience fosters adoption . Incentives beyond the vehicle benefits . Level-2 charging as a de facto baseline (convenience) . Charging options (range) . Regional consistency (scale up) Electric utility involvement . Need to serve customers . Long range planning A Model for Community Planning Origins with Rocky Mountain Institute’s PGR .High-level Goals .National Forum .Kickoff Partnership Local Development of Detailed Model Starting a Community Plan Getting Ready: Governments and Businesses .Stakeholders .Resources .Official Approval .Workgroups .Implementation Starting a Community Plan Getting Ready: Specific Steps .Overview meeting for stakeholders .Prepare for permitting & inspection .Set municipal goals and workgroups .Technical forum (inspectors, installers) .Chamber of Commerce meeting? .Community forum? Homebuilders forum? Starting a Community Plan Getting Ready: Governments and Businesses .Stakeholders Stakeholders . Sustainability .Resources . Fleet/Transportation/Parking .Official Approval . Facilities/Engineering . Purchasing .Work Structure . Executive Management .Implementation . Public Relations/HR . Planning/Land Use . Permitting/Inspections Starting a Community Plan Getting Ready: Governments and Businesses .Stakeholders Work Structure . Steering Committee .Resources . Standards .Official Approval . Siting and Installation . Vehicles .Work Structure . Incentives .Implementation . Education & Outreach Working Group Lessons Flexibility is mandatory! Variations in resources, strengths, interests, demo- graphics, etc. require variations in working groups: .Size & Composition .Goals .Timing/Staging .Regional Coordination Working Group Lessons Document current policies and procedures Take a holistic, long-term approach Remain technology-neutral Focus on good communication Implementing a Community Plan Steering Committee Sites & Education & Standards Incentives Installation Vehicles Outreach Standards Working Group Create appropriate policies and procedures Permitting, installation and inspections Consultation with electric utility and trades Equipment policies: technology-neutral Zoning requirements and compliance .Infrastructure requirements and ratios .Public/private parking, lots/decks, residential Siting & Installation Working Group Define criteria & plans for charging stations .Functionality .Cost Efficiency .Accessibility .Visibility .Safety Siting & Installation Working Group Least Amount of Charging Positive Message Public Fleet Vehicles Employee Vehicles Customer Vehicles Business Most Common Charging Location & Greatest Amount of Charging Greatest Need for Residential Infrastructure (Long Term) Siting & Installation Working Group SitingCriteria - Municipal Siting - Business ..ParkingFunctionality Lots/Decks . Offices ..SchoolsCost Efficiency . Shopping Centers ..LibrariesAccessibility . Colleges/Universities ..ServiceVisibility Yards . Hospitals ..OfficesSafety . Entertainment Venues . Fire & Police Stations Siting – Residential . Cultural Venues . Garage/Driveway . Parks . Multi-family/Street Siting & Installation Working Group Utility coordination for equipment sizing Connections to transit Maintenance, cost recovery, enforcement Plug-In Ready versus Plug-In Wired .Savings opportunities during construction .Parking, new homes Siting and Installation Working Group Siting & Installation Working Group Vehicles Working Group Selection, purchase, operation and maintenance Will vehicles be purchased? No: Blend with Education & Outreach? Yes: Fleet/transportation manager, purchasing manager, department heads, sustainability manager Understand application and life-cycle cost Interface with vendors and dealers Incentives Working Group Identify & implement incentives for ownership or operation Federal rebates . Vehicles: up to $7,500 for PEVs, up to $2,000 for NEVs . Stations: 50% up to $2,000 residential, up to $50,000 commercial State Options . Vehicle rebates: none in NC currently; up to $5,000 in CA and WA . Reductions in sales taxes and/or registration fees Local options . Reduced permit fees for charging stations . Free/preferential parking . Free public charging Incentives Working Group Employers . Free employee/customer charging . Vehicle purchase stipends for employees Department of Transportation . Reductions in state/local toll road charges . Access to HOV lanes Lenders . Preferential financing on vehicle loans Education & Outreach Working Group Disseminating knowledge from the other workgroups Vehicle features & benefits, justification for purchase Appropriate uses Charging station details Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Incentives Training: first responders, installers, mechanics, etc. Implementing a Community Plan Steering Committee Sites & Education & Standards Incentives Installation Vehicles Outreach Getting Ready - Resources Web-based tools Web Sites . General information . electricdrive.org . Resource sharing . evworld.com . pluginamerica.org . Conversation forums . projectgetready.org Guidebook development . Charging Station Technology Review . Community Planning Guidebook . Charging Station Installation Guidebook (code) Getting Ready - Resources EVSE Installation Process Customer Interested in Purchasing EVSE Single-Family Home H Customer just Charging station process Outlet uses a cord Level 1 or Installation set and Lvl 1 Level 2? Phase 1: 3-5 Days Needed? standard H H outlet H Lvl 2 (single-family residences) Contractor is Contacted Yes (Customer, Utility, Dealership, Other) Contractor Assesses and Prepares Preliminary Understand steps Estimate and Layout C No Is a service Home Owner Sets Up Yes upgrade needed? Meeting with Utility Planner . Responsibility H C No This will lead the Contractor Prepares Utility