- JNCC Report No. 404 Saxicolous lichen and bryophyte communities in Upland Britain Alan Orange1 January 2009 1Department of Biodiversity and Systematic Biology, National Museum of Wales, Cardiff CF10 3NP. Saxicolous lichen and bryophyte communities in Upland Britain For further information please contact: Alistair Crowle Natural England Northminster House Northminster Road Peterborough PE1 1UA, UK [email protected] Barbara Jones Countryside Council for Wales Maes-y-Ffynnon Penrhosgarnedd Bangor Gwynedd, LL57 2DW, UK [email protected] David Horsfield Scottish Natural Heritage Silvan House 231 Corstorphine Road Edinburgh EH12 7AT, UK [email protected] This report should be cited as: Orange, A., (2008) Saxicolous lichen and bryophyte communities in Upland Britain. JNCC Report No: 404. This report has been published under the auspices of the JNCC Uplands Lead Co-ordination Network on behalf of the country nature conservation agencies involved. It makes an important contribution to our knowledge and classification of lichen and bryophyte communities found in the Uplands of the UK and complements 'An Illustrated Guide to British Upland Vegetation' (Averis et al, 2004) JNCC, Peterborough. The project work, under the title “Survey and Evaluation of the Status and Importance of Saxicolous Lichens and Bryophyte Assemblages Associated with N2K Chasmophytic and Scree Habitats on cSAC” (Contract No KI0106), was jointly funded by Natural England, Countryside Council for Wales and Scottish Natural Heritage. 2 Saxicolous Lichen and Bryophyte Communities in Upland Britain Contents 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 7 1.1 Annex I habitats .................................................................................................... 8 2. Methods ............................................................................................................... 9 2.1 Site selection ......................................................................................................... 9 2.2 Field methods ..................................................................................................... 12 2.3 Analysis .............................................................................................................. 13 2.4 Data archive ........................................................................................................ 51 3. Results ................................................................................................................ 52 3.1 General ................................................................................................................ 52 3.2 Key to saxicolous lichen and bryophyte communities ....................................... 60 3.3 Communities on siliceous rock ........................................................................... 76 3.3.1 SS A1 Rhizocarpon geographicum-Fuscidea lygaea community (Table 6) ...... 76 3.3.2 SS A2 Rhizocarpon geographicum-Miriquidica leucophaea community (Table 7) ......................................................................................................................... 80 3.3.3 SS A3 Lecanora gangaleoides-Fuscidea cyathoides community (Table 8) ...... 83 3.3.4 SS B1 Fuscidea kochiana-F. intercincta community (Table 9) ......................... 85 3.4.5 SS B2 Fuscidea praeruptorum-F. cyathoides community (Table 10) ............... 88 3.3.6 SS B3 Fuscidea lygaea-Porpidia tuberculosa community (Table 11) .............. 90 3.3.7 SS C1 Pertusaria corallina-P. pseudocorallina community (Table 12) ............ 92 3.3.8 SS D1 Porpidia tuberculosa-Rhizocarpon reductum community (Table 13) .... 96 3.3.9 SS D2 Acarospora sinopica-Rhizocarpon oederi community (Table 14) ....... 100 3.3.10 SS D3 Acarospora fuscata-A. nitrophila community (Table 15) ..................... 102 3.3.11 SS D4 Lecidea lithophila community (Table 16) ............................................. 103 3.3.12 SS D5 Porpidia macrocarpa-P. striata community (Table 17) ....................... 105 3.3.13 SS D6 Porpidia irrigua-Rhizocarpon lavatum community (Table 18) ............ 106 3.3.14 SS D7 Ainoa mooreana-Marsupella emarginata community (Table 19) ........ 108 3.3.15 SS D8 Porpidia tuberculosa community (Table 20) ........................................ 110 3.3.16 SS D9 Lecidea promixta-Trapelia involuta community (Table 21) ................. 112 3.3.17 SS E1 Andreaea rupestris-Ionaspis odora community (Table 22) .................. 113 3.3.18 SS E2 Andreaea rupestris-Stereocaulon vesuvianum community (Table 23) . 118 3.3.19 SS E3 Andreaea rupestris-Gymnomitrion community (Table 24) ................... 122 3.3.20 SS F1 Rhizocarpon geographicum-Umbilicaria cylindrica community (Table 25) ..................................................................................................................... 125 3.3.21 SS F2 Parmelia saxatilis-P. omphalodes community (Table 26) .................... 128 3.3.22 SS F3 Xanthoparmelia conspersa community (Table 27) ............................... 132 3.3.23 SS F4 Lasallia pustulata community (Table 28) .............................................. 134 3.3.24 SS F5 Umbilicaria deusta community (Table 29) ............................................ 136 3.3.25 SS F6 Campylopus flexuosus-Barbilophozia floerkei community (Table 30) . 138 3.3.26 SS F7 Racomitrium fasciculare-R. heterostichum community (Table 31) ...... 140 3.3.27 SS F8 Frullania tamarisci-Schistidium strictum community (Table 32) ......... 143 3.3.28 SS H1 Candelariella coralliza-Aspicilia caesiocinerea community (Table 33) .......................................................................................................................... 147 3.3.29 SS I1 Trentepohlia iolithus community (Table 34) .......................................... 149 3.3.30 SS K1 Lecanora ecorticata community (Table 35) ......................................... 150 3.3.31 SS K2 Lepraria incana-Cystocoleus ebeneus community (Table 36) ............. 152 3.3.32 SS K3 Lecanactis latebrarum community (Table 37) ...................................... 154 3.3.33 SS K4 Lepraria humida-Diplophyllum albicans community (Table 38) ......... 155 3.3.34 SS K5 Opegrapha gyrocarpa-Enterographa zonata community (Table 39) ... 158 3 Saxicolous Lichen and Bryophyte Communities in Upland Britain 3.3.35 SS K6 Tylothallia biformigera-Opegrapha gyrocarpa community (Table 40) .......................................................................................................................... 160 3.3.36 SS K7 Coccotrema citrinescens-Porpidia tuberculosa community (Table 41) 164 3.3.37 SS K8 Lecanora orosthea-Enterographa zonata community (Table 42) ........ 165 3.3.38 SS K9 Lecanora epanora-Lepraria elobata community (Table 43) ................ 167 3.3.39 SS K10 Psilolechia leprosa community (Table 44) ......................................... 168 3.3.40 SS L1 Andreaea rothii-Porpidia irrigua community (Table 45) ..................... 170 3.3.41 SS L2 Racomitrium aquaticum community (Table 46) .................................... 174 3.3.42 SS M1 Andreaea alpina-Marsupella emarginata community (Table 47) ....... 175 3.3.43 SS N1 Amphidium mougeotii-Anoectangium aestivum community (Table 48) .......................................................................................................................... 180 3.3.44 SS N2 Blindia acuta-Amphidium mougeotii community (Table 49) ............... 187 3.3.45 SS N3 Grimmia torquata community (Table 50) ............................................. 189 3.3.46 SS O1 Pellia epiphylla-Mnium hornum community (Table 51) ...................... 190 3.3.47 SS O2 Philonotis fontana-Scapania undulata community (Table 52) ............. 193 3.3.48 SS P1 Diplophyllum albicans-Hypnum jutlandicum community (Table 53) ... 195 3.3.49 SS P2 Hypnum jutlandicum-Mnium hornum community (Table 54) ............... 200 3.3.50 SS P3 Mylia taylorii-Racomitrium lanuginosum community (Table 55) ......... 201 3.3.51 SS Q1 Racomitrium lanuginosum community (Table 56)................................... 203 3.3.52 SS T1 Ramalina siliquosa-R. subfarinacea community (Table 57) ................. 205 3.3.53 SS U1 Isothecium myosuroides-Sphaerophorus globosus community (Table 58) .......................................................................................................................... 206 3.3.54 SS V1 Staurothele succedens-Thelidium papulare community (Table 59) ..... 209 3.3.55 SS W1 Dermatocarpon intestiniforme-Collema flaccidum community (Table 60) ..................................................................................................................... 211 3.3.56 SS X1 Blindia acuta-Racomitrium ellipticum community (Table 61) ............. 214 3.4 Communities on limestone and highly calcareous siliceous rock .................... 216 3.4.1 SL 1 Caloplaca saxicola-Lecanora albescens community (Table 62).................. 216 3.4.2 SL 2 Dirina massiliensis-Caloplaca saxicola community (Table 63) ............. 218 3.4.3 SL 3 Botryolepraria lesdainii-Leproplaca chrysodeta community (Table 64) 219 3.4.4 SL 4 Lepraria nivalis community (Table 65) ................................................... 221 3.4.5 SL 5 Aspicilia calcarea-Caloplaca citrina agg. community (Table 66) .......... 223 3.4.6 SL 6 Aspicilia calcarea-Caloplaca flavescens community (Table 67) ............ 224 3.4.7 SL 7 Caloplaca citrina community (Table 68) ...............................................