954 Parc Cybi, Holyhead: post excavation assessment of potential report volume II: specialist reports GAT Project No. 1701 Report No. 954 June 2011 Ymddiriedolaeth Archaeolegol Gwynedd Gwynedd Archaeological Trust Craig Beuno, Ffordd y Garth, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2RT Parc Cybi, Holyhead: post excavation assessment of potential report volume II: specialist reports Report No. 954 Prepared for Atkins on behalf of the Welsh Assembly Government June 2011 By C. M. Batt, N. Bermingham, Evan Chapman, S.J. Clelland, Hilary Cool, Mary Davis, B.R. Gearey, Jonathan Goodwin, Pam Grinter, Adam Gwilt, T. Hill, David Jenkins, Thérèse Kearns, E.Kitchen, Kristina Krawiec, Helen Lewis, Frances Lynch, Peter Marshall, Andrew Moss, Phil Parkes, Alison Sheridan, George Smith, E. Tetlow, Peter Webster, Michael Wysocki, and Tim Young Ymddiriedolaeth Archaeolegol Gwynedd Gwynedd Archaeological Trust Craig Beuno, Ffordd y Garth, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2RT PARC CYBI ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL REPORT VOLUME II SPECIALIST REPORTS Contents List of specialists ............................................................................................................................................5 Part I: prehistoric ceramics .............................................................................................................................7 Summary ....................................................................................................................................................7 Methodology...............................................................................................................................................7 Results ........................................................................................................................................................7 General considerations of distribution......................................................................................................10 Evaluation of potential..............................................................................................................................10 Proposals for further work........................................................................................................................11 Appendix I: Bronze Age/Beaker Pottery from evaluation trenches..........................................................12 Part II: Roman pottery ..................................................................................................................................13 Summary ..................................................................................................................................................13 Methodology.............................................................................................................................................13 Results ......................................................................................................................................................13 Discussion and Evaluation of potential ....................................................................................................14 Proposals ..................................................................................................................................................15 References ................................................................................................................................................16 Table 1: Catalogue of Roman pottery.......................................................................................................16 Appendix I: Roman pottery report from evaluation trenches ...................................................................18 Part III: medieval and post medieval ceramics, clay pipes and glass ...........................................................20 Summary ..................................................................................................................................................20 Introduction and methodology..................................................................................................................20 The ceramic finds .....................................................................................................................................20 The clay pipes...........................................................................................................................................22 The glass...................................................................................................................................................22 Evaluation of potential..............................................................................................................................23 References ................................................................................................................................................23 Appendix 1a: Catalogue of ceramic vessel sherds from Parc Cybi. .........................................................24 Appendix 1b: Catalogue of clay pipes from Parc Cybi. ...........................................................................41 Appendix 1c: Catalogue of glass finds from Parc Cybi............................................................................42 Appendix 2: Ceramic ware types by context. ...........................................................................................46 Appendix 3: Table of spot dates for stratified contexts. ...........................................................................53 Part IV: Roman Glass...................................................................................................................................56 Summary ..................................................................................................................................................56 Methodology.............................................................................................................................................56 Results ......................................................................................................................................................56 Evaluation of potential..............................................................................................................................57 References ................................................................................................................................................57 Catalogue of Roman and early glass.........................................................................................................58 Part V: Flint and chert ..................................................................................................................................59 Summary ..................................................................................................................................................59 Methodology.............................................................................................................................................59 Results ......................................................................................................................................................59 Research Potential ....................................................................................................................................62 Proposals for further analysis ...................................................................................................................63 Appendix I: Flint report on finds from the evaluation trenches................................................................63 Part VI: Stone objects...................................................................................................................................65 Summary ..................................................................................................................................................65 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................65 Results ......................................................................................................................................................65 Research Potential ....................................................................................................................................69 Part VII: Metal objects .................................................................................................................................71 Summary ..................................................................................................................................................71 Methodology.............................................................................................................................................71 Results ......................................................................................................................................................71 Evaluation of potential..............................................................................................................................72 Catalogue of metal objects .......................................................................................................................72 Part VIII: Shale Objects................................................................................................................................76