[6oloeeqcrV Ie!rlsnpul roI uo!le!cossV NOSIVI'i vuvH - :!.il i /, al!l qlroN pue sureouu aqI 'snEuy'eepunqfolsAvr JO ACO]OSVHCUV'lvlUrSnONl f Hl ol 30tnc v CO TET{TS INTRODUCTION 1 DUNDEE DOCKS 30 THE MEABNS 12 NORTH FIFE 6 EAST DUNDEE 36 INDEX 79 CARSE OF GOWR E t5 DIGHTY BURN 44 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS BO WEST DUNDEE t6 ARBBOATH 53 FURTHER BEADING B1 CENTRAL DUNDEE 25 NORTH ANGUS 59 Each gaz etteer entry has a etter or letters and a number that relate to the local on maps and the index. A Nat ona Grid Reference s g ven to a d accurate locat on. Siles are broadly organised from wesl 10 east and progress up the coast from the south west tothe nodh-east They ie in the ocalauthorties of Angus and the C ty of Dundee w th parts of F le, Aberdeenshire and a corner oi Perth and Kinross. Des gnated status s best checked by contacting the p anning author ty or on I ne. NOTE The ncusionofsites n the gazetteer does not imply publ c access Wheneveryouare ndoubt t s always courteous to ask perm ss on to enter a site PUBLISHED BY THE ASSOCIATION FOB INDUSTBIAL ABCHAEOLOGY 2013 ir llrcALt arr lla A:r:raa.rlarn I!r nal!s'ra A aniiaaaatf al ral llraSr)o il' fa.rslri ar'arr:9Saae:,r ASSOCIATIOl{ FOR I1{DUSTBIAL ARGI{AEOLOGY This book is publshed to marktheAlA's 40th Annual Conference, in 2013 atthe Universly of Dundee hosted by the Scottish lndustria Her tage Soc ety, with the Scottish Transport and lndustria Col ec tion Knowledge Network (SIICK) The AA was estab shed in 1973 to promote the study of industrial archaeology and encourage mproved standards of record ng, research conseTVat on and publca tion. t aims to support nd viduals and groups nvolved n the study and recording of past industrial act vity and the preservation of ndustrial monuments, to represent the nterests of industrial arc ogy al nat ona evel, to hold conferences and sem naTs and to publ sh the resu ts of researc Assoc at on is a voluntary one. lt publishes the ndustrial Archaeo ogy Rev ew which is sen yearly to al members, who aso receive the quadery lndustrial Archaeology News Further may be obta ned from the AA Liaison Officer, The ronbr dge lnst tute lronbridge Gorge lVlL Coalbrookdale Telford TFB 7DX. SCOTTISH INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE SOCTETY The Scott sh lndustria Heritage Society supports the preservation and record ng of Scot and's industr al heritage. lts membership is spread nationally. ltwas formed in 1984 by the ama gamation of the Scot- tish Soc ety for the Preservation of Histor ca N,4ach nery ( Scrap lron C ub') and the Scott sh Society for lndustrial Archaeology. Photographs marked 'Eric Watt, SIHS Co lection', used extensively n th s publical on belong to the Scott sh lndustral Hertage Society The SIHS prov des a focus forthose with an interest across a w de a spectrum that rellects Scotland's past achievements and future oppo(un t es loln us Write to The Scotl sh lndustr a Heritage Society c/o CD Bales, 58 Kenn ngknowes Road, St r ing , FK7 gJG httpr//s hs.co.ul(lo n htm COVEB ILLUSTBATIONS front cover: Norlh Water Viaduct, 1865, seen lhrough an arch ol the Lower No(h Water Bridge, 1 775 (AN46) back cover: Seafield Works, chimney of Baltic Works and l\,tragda en Green Bandsland, Dundee DWl2-14 (O Histo c Scotland, Mark Watson) tsBN 978 0 9550251 2I THE II{DUSTBIAL ABCTIAEOLOOY OF A OUIDE TO TAYSIDE DUNDEE, A GUS, THE MEABNS AND NORTH FIFE MARK WATSO N t, lri lt ! DW15: Tay Bridge with a 'Black S crossing during the Great Britain lV tout, 2013 t]aTRoDUCTtOl{ Known lor Jule, Jam and Journal sm Dundee is spr ngboard to a beaut 1u part of Scotland coursed through by the R ver Tay lts industr es are deep y rooted n the countryside round about and are d s- tinct lrom those n Scot and s central be t. ln the med eval core of the city there was the lam and s the journalsm. Jute, lnen and engineering lactories, retained through adaptive re use, cling lo the sides of the vo canlc Law Docks and wharves house the city's martime industries and hlstoric ships To the norlh lies Angus and L4earns and to the south the Howe ol F fe, lert le larmland and towns once dedicated to I nen weaving, sk rted by a picturesque coast sti I mportant to lraditional fishing and maritime ndustr es. The old count es of Angus and Kincardinesh re cross the H ghland ne from busy Low and to romantic H gh and Scot and, wilh consequent topograph c challenges to engineers var ed geology represented in loca buid ngs, and an opportunlty to define loca wh sky as Highland mat. Building materials are of sandstone (giv ng way to granite north of Stonehaven) and wth slate rools unless othe^,V se stated. Loca var atlons inc ude har ing, limewash or slaister/ butter pointing where the "random" (but in iact careful y coursed) rubb e work needed protection by ime Cement rendering somet mes with appl ed decorat on m ght replace lime from the ate 1gth century part cular y in coasta ocat ons, l\,4ontrose to lnverbervie. Br ck might be reserved lor spec fic ndustria types, ike the chimney slalk which evolved from square to octagonal to c rcu ar section. Clay and a few brick bu ldings are found in the Erro and Luthermu r/ Craigo areas Most industr al bu ldings are in the 'funct onal tradition' exemplif ed by regular proportions and the use oi quolns, skewputls and finiaLs lhat define the edges of roofs 'Grey slate'or riven pavinq s abs was used as rooiing in Angus, hali slated where ventiat on was needed, and n some cheaper bulldings n Fife, pantlles fringed wlth slate. Scotch s ale (quarried in Perthshire and Argyll) s lixed to sarking, nol ballens, and this alows Jor repeated trimming and re-use of even quite small sizes, in candle-snuller tullets and ki ns. Raiways brought a wider variety Constuclion ol a typical 'lircprcof' mill, buift panbolic cast iron 1836, shown duing beams run side to side lhe demolitbn of John Street Mill, Arbroath, in Shallow bick arches 1 986. S imi lafi ies, except the bnckets, to Logb Cast hon columns al Piklpin DWz, Iay DW16, juncion of beams with DW23 and Dura Wot,s backets to suppon DE6 sugqest lhis ,s lhe wotk ol Umphe6ton & distribufng power hom Keft, Douglas Foun lry, the engine house- Mosl Dundee. mills in Dundee iust susponclecl shahing lrcm beams without bracke/s- Sash ard case w,rdows, small panes ol crcwn Wought ircn ties the g/ass were cheapest Roughly courced rubble sandstone walling with of building materials and local styles are less well-defined from the '1850s onwards: Dumlriesshire red sandslones and Welsh slate are found by the end of lhe century Flashings are of lead, later zinc, and rainwater goods lrom the late 18th century onwards are ot cast iron. Houses: Most'houses'are in lact tenements: blocks of several "room and kitchen" houses reached Irom deck access "platties" via free- standing stair towers, to which toilets might be added, or via internalstairs. This might even applyto terraced coltages wilh attic spaces. Some over-sized cottages held handlooms but more ot these were concentrated in ground floors ol factories, the upper floors being louvred warping/ starching lofts. Single storey loom shops are easily altered bul those in two storey houses are recognisable, e.g. the many ground floor4-loom shops in Kirriemuir. Some inter-war council houses are 4-in a block with an entrance in each elevation. The 1960s "f,lulti's", hi-rise that characterise Dundee's skyline, are programmed to be demolished, and severalare already down. Farming is mixed arable, with fruit larms on the Carse of Gowrie and around Bla rgowrie. [,1ost larms are products of agricultural improvement, and those that predate the threshing machine are otten distinguishable by horse mills, with conical roofs in Angus and Perthshire, oclagonal panllled roofs in Fife, and sometimes windmills or chimneys for steam engines, wh le ihose lhat post-date 1790 might be sited lrom the siartio explo t waterpower. Wheels lor threshing mils m ght be in verydeep pits, the lade and tailrace both culverted Steadings usually form three sides olasquare, sometimeswith roofed cattle courts. A C17th-18th farmhouse might lace into lhat court, a Clgth one would lront it or stand apart. Pre-improvement Ferm Touns are mostly archaeological bumps in the landscape, with conical depressions lett by drain-drying kilns, but Rait, Perthshire, is a rare example that has survived. Graln mllls: Scott sh corn mllls had the benelit of lhirlage until 1799, requiring lenants to take their oals and barley to specific mills. Many mills bear 18th century or earlier dates, but the machinery is usually from the later 1gth century Only a few timber wheels survive indoors. A characteristic element is the k ln that dried oals or barley beiore grinding, lending to be more archilecturally dominant further nodh. Semi-ckcular kilns are lound in Angus. Two pairs of stones were often enough but l/illon Mill, Monilieth had 12, helped by a steam engine, and Mountgarie Mill, Aberdeenshtre has 5 pairs still in operalion. As the slones and gearing are olten galhered at a gable ol lhe mill, it has been possible to keep these in some conversions.