COLONIZATION A PERMANENT HABITAT FOR THE COLONIZATION OF MARS A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Master in Engineering Science (Research) in Mechanical Engineering BY MATTHEW HENDER THE UNIVERSITY OF AD ELAIDE SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SUPERVISOR S – DR. GERALD SCHNEIDER & COLIN HANSEN A u g u s t 2 0 0 9 315°E (45°W) 320°E (40°W) 325°E (35°W) 330°E (30°W) 335°E (25°W) 340°E (20°W) 345°E (15°W) 350°E (10°W) 355°E (5°W) 360°E (0°W) 0° 0° HYDRAOTES CHAOS . llis Dia-Cau Va vi Ra . Camiling Aromatum Chaos . Rypin Chimbote . Mega . IANI MERIDIANI PLANUM* . v Wicklow Windfall Zulanka Pinglo . Oglala Tuskegee . Bamba . CHAOS . Bahn . Locana. Tarata . Spry Manti Balboa ARABIA Huancayo . AUREUM . Groves . Vaals . Conches _ . Sitka Berseba . Kaid . Chinju Lachute . Manah Rakke CHAOS . Stobs . Byske -5° . Airy-0 . -5° Butte. Azusa Kong Timbuktu . Quorn Airy . Creel . Innsbruck XANTHE Wink TERRA TERRA A . Kholm M . Daet S A Ganges .Sfax . Paks H Batoka C Chasma . Rincon I Arsinoes . Glide R P AURORAE CHAOS A Chaos C I S E R M R I N A E R R F G A I T I A R -10° -10° M Pyrrhae C H A O S S Chaos E L L A V MARGARITIFER Eos Mensa* EOS CHASMA Beer -15° -15° alles V L o i r e Osuga Eos TERRA Chaos V a Jones l l e s Vinogradov -20° Lorica Polotsk -20° s Sigli . Kimry . Lebu Valle S Kansk . Shambe . Longa . Gagra am rda a A Glazov . ra Gatico L alles a Himera Peta d . V V o . Aspen a . Grójec n . l Nitro l . Campos e V Guir . Loto s Paraná Golden a . Echt l - . Galu l . Manzi . e Kirsanov . Yegros Bentong s Circle . Bend . Chapais . Singa . Va Honda lles . Kita . Gori . Sibu Buta lles . Goba a Cartago . Thule . Karshi Globe V . Ely Murgoo . Balta . Kagul Dingo Cluny Falun . Deba Bogra . Cheb . Boru . Oltis Newcomb Alga . Irbit Seminole Bigbee Revda Chekalin Inta Kasimov Kantang . Fastov .Crewe ra -25° . Nepa . va -25° s No i . Calbe l Bar Dison l . Timaru a _ . Kuba . Noma . Romny V Omura Flat S Sandila . Rana Ruby a a . Cobalt t . Lar . m Navan o Tak. Blitta l .Plum a Holden C r Bison . Jal . Kirs a Edam V Ostrov a Gardo . Tura .Nan ll e s Er Kashira yth Kaj Pabo . Voo rae . Lamas . a F . o Livny . ssa Mila N . Kanab Nardo Harad Tiwi . Sangar i r , g V a a R l l l Va s . i u Say s li n l lli a a V s S . Eads ur i ind o a b V z all U es NOACHIS TERRA Luki -30° -30° 315°E (45°W) 320°E (40°W) 325°E (35°W) 330°E (30°W) 335°E (25°W) 340°E (20°W) 345°E (15°W) 350°E (10°W) 355°E (5°W) 360°E (0°W) Elevations above 9000 meters -8200 Minimum found only on the larger volcanos. 21229 Maximum 0 5000 7000 9000 1000 3000 -9000 -7000 -5000 -3000 -1000 11000 13000 15000 17000 19000 21000 Elevation in meters 0°E (360°W) 5°E (355°W) 10°E (350°W) 15°E (345°W) 20°E (340°W) 25°E (335°W) 30°E (330°W) 35°E (325°W) 40°E (320°W) 45°E (315°W) 0° 0° Teisserenc de Bort Schiaparelli Brazos -5° -5° . Airy-0 V Airy alles B V ra a l les zo TERRA s Pollack Dawes -10° -10° Mädler Evro s Va llis M o s a V -15° a -15° ll is SABAEA NOACHIS Flaugergues Denning Wislicenus Bouguer -20° Lambert -20° Bakhuysen Scopulus us l Newcomb TERRA pu Sco -25° -25° s la arybdi h Scyl C -30° -30° 0°E (360°W) 5°E (355°W) 10°E (350°W) 15°E (345°W) 20°E (340°W) 25°E (335°W) 30°E (330°W) 35°E (325°W) 40°E (320°W) 45°E (315°W) Elevations above 9000 meters -8200 Minimum found only on the larger volcanos. 21229 Maximum 0 5000 7000 9000 1000 3000 -9000 -7000 -5000 -3000 -1000 11000 13000 15000 17000 19000 21000 Elevation in meters 45°E (315°W) 50°E (310°W) 55°E (305°W) 60°E (300°W) 65°E (295°W) 70°E (290°W) 75°E (285°W) 80°E (280°W) 85°E (275°W) 90°E (270°W) 0° . 0° Teisserenc de Bort Schroeter is l l a V o Fournier r Oenotria a -5° N -5° T Y R R H E N A TERRA Verlaine Jarry- Liris -10° Desloges . -10° Valles Scopulu s Briault Valles Tisia HUYGENS -15° -15° -20° -20° Millochau SABAEA T E R R A Schaeberle -25° -25° Suzhi . Isil Niesten . Terby Kasabi -30° -30° 45°E (315°W) 50°E (310°W) 55°E (305°W) 60°E (300°W) 65°E (295°W) 70°E (290°W) 75°E (285°W) 80°E (280°W) 85°E (275°W) 90°E (270°W) Elevations above 9000 meters -8200 Minimum found only on the larger volcanos. 21229 Maximum 0 5000 7000 9000 1000 3000 -9000 -7000 -5000 -3000 -1000 11000 13000 15000 17000 19000 21000 Elevation in meters 90°E (270°W) 95°E (265°W) 100°E (260°W) 105°E (255°W) 110°E (250°W) 115°E (245°W) 120°E (240°W) 125°E (235°W) 130°E (230°W) 135°E (225°W) 0° 0° Escalante L ic u s Palos V a l l T i in s t o V a l l i s -5° -5° Tag V us alles Knobel TYRRHENA -10° Briault -10° TERRA C C e e rb r b e ru e s r u s D o D r Herschel o s r a -15° sa -15° Ulya Rayadurg HESPERIA TERRA Suata Loon ia Espino -20° -20° Igol Kamativi Tala Hesper Dorsa Khurli CIMMERIA Fossae TYRRHENA Tyr rhen PATERA a D o r s Piyi Boulia . Chefu a Tyrrhena Trinidad Sinop Arica Tyrrhena PLANUM Mons Faqu Baro -25° Kinkora -25° Kunes a s Müller r o D es Solano t a n ri o Wajir e p M s e Savich H a Bombala Bazas i Torup n o s u A ea era P vus -30° Ca -30° 90°E (270°W) 95°E (265°W) 100°E (260°W) 105°E (255°W) 110°E (250°W) 115°E (245°W) 120°E (240°W) 125°E (235°W) 130°E (230°W) 135°E (225°W) Elevations above 9000 meters -8200 Minimum found only on the larger volcanos. 21229 Maximum 0 1000 3000 5000 7000 9000 -9000 -7000 -5000 -3000 -1000 11000 13000 15000 17000 19000 21000 Elevation in meters 135°E (225°W) 140°E (220°W) 145°E (215°W) 150°E (210°W) 155°E (205°W) 160°E (200°W) 165°E (195°W) 170°E (190°W) 175°E (185°W) 180°E (180°W) 0° 0° ELYSIUM PLANITIA Avernus AEOLIS MENSAE Colles Avernus Cavi T a r t a r us a Avernus s a S r s Cavi co r o p o u lu D D s -5° -5° s u Gale T n a r R r t e u a p r v e u s A s M LUCUS a V t r s a o l u l n i n s a r e A v v e A r PLANUM n u Apollinaris s Patera Lasswitz R u Reuyl p e -10° s -10° Wien Zephyria Apollinaris Mensae Sulci de Vaucouleurs . Galdakao* . Zutphen* Gusev . Crivitz* . Thira -15° Boeddicker -15° Kayne . New Plymouth* D . Downe* u r iu s V a Vallis l le Apollinaris s Tholus Hadley Zephyria -20° Tholus -20° s i l Graff Al-Qahira l a V TERRA CIMMERIA m i d a ' a M -25° -25° Molesworth -30° -30° 135°E (225°W) 140°E (220°W) 145°E (215°W) 150°E (210°W) 155°E (205°W) 160°E (200°W) 165°E (195°W) 170°E (190°W) 175°E (185°W) 180°E (180°W) Elevations above 9000 meters -8200 Minimum found only on the larger volcanos. 21229 Maximum 0 5000 7000 9000 1000 3000 -9000 -7000 -5000 -3000 -1000 11000 13000 15000 17000 19000 21000 Elevation in meters 235°E (125°W) 240°E (1 230°E (130°W) 20°W) -30° 225°E (135°W) (140°W) 220°E (145°W) Koval'sky 215°E (150°W) 210°E Pickering (155°W) -35° 205°E (160°W) 200°E (165°W) Sirenum Fossae 195°E -40° (170°W) 190°E TERRA e a s Mariner (175°W) os F 185°E -45° Magelhaens Newton (180°W) Eudoxus 180°E-30° GorgonumChaos Hipparchus Atlantis Chaos -50° n i Fa L en Ptolemaeus Nans -35° Tader V all es ia Sirenum Fossae ar Hussey c I -55° -40° SIRENUM Clark d iöl lman nsk Mil rde No s i cu e rn o p C ° 5 -4 -60° y er V er ip Wright Dokuchaev n Ku si H u Li ° 0 -5 Keeler ler Trump -65° 0°E 235°E 240°E 23 225°E (130°W) (125°W) (120°W) ° °W) 5 220°E (135 -5 W) (140° 15°E 2 °W) (145 210°E (150°W) 5°E 20 W) (155° 21229 Maximum °E 00 ) 2 0°W (16 ° 21000 0 °E 19000 6 5 ) Elevations above 9000 meters 9 17000 - 1 5°W 6 15000 (1 found only on the larger volcanos.