OF VALUE AND BASQUE EEECONOMICECONOMIC IMPACT LANGUAGE INDEX 0/ GENERAL RESULTS................................................................................................................ 4 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 5 0.1/ OBJECTIVE .......................................................................................................................................... 5 0.2/ SECTORS IN THE SCOPE OF STUDY................................................................................................. 6 0.3/ CRITERIA USED TO DEFINE ACTIVITIES IN THE BASQUE LANGUAGE SECTOR ........................... 7 0.4/ DIRECT , INDIRECT AND INDUCED IMPACT ................................................................................... 7 0.5/ METHODOLOGICAL PHASES ............................................................................................................ 8 0.6/ FINAL RESULTS ................................................................................................................................. 12 1/ GENERAL OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................ 15 1.1/ ECONOMIC IMPACT OF LANGUAGES ........................................................................................... 16 1.2/ PARTICULAR CHARACTERISTICS OF BASQUE LANGUAGE ......................................................... 16 1.3/ DEFINITION OF SECTORS LINKED TO BASQUE LANGUAGE ...................................................... 16 1.3.1/ General considerations ...................................................................................................... 16 1.3.2/ Criteria to classify sectors ................................................................................................. 17 1.3.3/ General description of sectors and subsectors ............................................................ 18 1.3.4/ Difficulties to assess the economic activity of the Basque language sectors ......... 20 2/ EMPLOYMENT IN BASQUE LANGUAGE SECTORS ................................................. 21 2.1/ DIRECTORY OF BAC ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES (E USTAT , 2014) ............................................... 22 2.2/ DEFINITION OF THE SCOPE OF STUDY : CONFIGURATION OF THE DATABASE OF COMPANIES , ASSOCIATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS ................................................................. 22 2.3/ COMPARISON BETWEEN THE OFFICIAL CLASSIFICATION OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES (CNAE) AND LANGUAGE SECTORS ............................................................................................ 23 2.4/ PROCEDURE TO CALCULATE THE BASQUE LANGUAGE COEFFICIENT TO APPLY TO EACH BRANCH OF ACTIVITY ......................................................................................................... 24 2. 2.5/ RESULTS OF THE PROCEDURE TO CALCULATE EMPLOYMENT CORRESPONDING TO THE SCOPE OF STUDY AND TO BASQUE LANGUAGE ................................................................ 27 2.5.1/ Language industry ................................................................................................................ 28 2.5.2/ Industry of culture and the media ................................................................................... 36 2.5.3/ Activities in the area of education and universities ..................................................... 52 2.5.4/ Public administration ........................................................................................................... 64 2.5.5/ TOTAL employment generated by Basque language sectors ................................... 70 3/ ECONOMIC DATA FOR BASQUE LANGUAGE SECTORS .................................... 71 3.1/ METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................................. 72 3.2/ GROSS VALUE ADDED AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT ...................................................... 73 3.3/ ECONOMIC DATA OF BASQUE LANGUAGE SECTORS ............................................................... 73 3.4/ ECONOMIC DIMENSION OF THE BASQUE LANGUAGE .............................................................. 79 4/ ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE BASQUE LANGUAGE ................................................ 81 4.1/ METHODOLOGICAL CLARIFICATIONS .......................................................................................... 82 4.2/ DIRECT AND INDIRECT ECONOMIC IMPACT ............................................................................... 87 4.2.1/ Output Value ........................................................................................................................ 87 4.2.2/ Gross Value Added ............................................................................................................. 90 4.2.3/ Employment .......................................................................................................................... 92 4.3/ INDUCED IMPACT ........................................................................................................................... 94 4.3.1/ Methodological procedure ............................................................................................... 94 4.3.2/ Induced impact ..................................................................................................................... 95 4.4/ TOTAL ECONOMIC IMPACT OF BASQUE LANGUAGE ................................................................ 95 4.4.1/ Value of production ……. ................................................................................................. 95 4.4.2/ Gross Value Added ............................................................................................................. 98 4.4.3/ Employment ....................................................................................................................... 101 5/ CONTRIBUTION OF BASQUE LANGUAGE TO THE GDP OF THE BASQUE ECONOMY ....................................................................................................... 104 5.1/ PROCEDURE TO CALCULATE THE GDP OF BASQUE ............................................................... 105 5.1.1/ Regarding the usefulness of GDP ................................................................................. 105 5.1.2/ Procedure used to calculate the GDP of Basque ..................................................... 105 5.2/ IMPORTANCE OF BASQUE LANGUAGE IN THE BASQUE ECONOMY ..................................... 106 3. 0... GENERAL RESULTATS 4. Introduction This general report corresponds to the study carried out by the Siadeco Research Society for the Basque Government Department of Education, Language Policy and Culture. This first section of the report consists of a short presentation of the whole study, in which aspects of the methodological procedure, as well as the main results obtained are described. 0.1/ Objective Objective: measure the dimension and the economic impact of Basque language. The objective of the study has consisted of recognizing the contribution made by Basque language to the economy of the Basque Autonomous Community, measure the economic wealth generated and quantify the dimension and economic value of Basque language sectors. Many studies have been made on Basque language from the perspectives of sociology and philology; however, there are very few studies carried out from the point of view of the economic sciences, to analyse the market that moves around Basque in the economic context of the BAC and measure its impact. After recognizing the initiatives and voluntary work by social agents, who are vital in the process of the normalization of Basque, this study clearly shows that Basque language is another activity sector in the Basque economy. In addition to public activity led by public administrations, Basque accounts for an ever growing market, as well as its own industry, and these private market activities, which are closely linked to the Basque language, constitute activity sectors that generate employment in the Basque economy. The most common macroeconomic variables used to measure the importance of a determined sector in the economy of a country are employment, Gross Value Added (GVA), Production Value (PV) and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP); therefore, the final result of this study will consist of applying these variables to the Basque language sectors language and their comparison with general data of the BAC. 5. 0.2/ Sectors in the scope of the study Four main activity sectors in the study: language industry; industry of culture and the media in Basque; education in Basque; and public administration services to promote Basque language and Basque culture. When quantifying the importance of Basque language as an economic sector, besides the structures and services belonging to the public administrations to promote Basque and Basque culture, we have to also bear in mind the employment and value added generated by Basque language sector activities belonging to the private economic sector. When carrying out this economic study, four main sectors linked to language were distinguished; two of them may be considered as belonging to the private economy (the language industry, and the industry of culture and media in Basque), a third is linked to the public administration (promotion of Basque language and culture) and the fourth is mixed, i.e. it includes both public and private institutions