Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-19840-1 — Revolutionary World Edited by David Motadel Index More Information Index ‘Al-Aynayn, Shaykh Ma, 113 Anfal Operation, 199 ‘Ali-Quli Khan Sardar As‘ad, 119 Anglo-Dutch War (1780–84), 55 26th of July Movement, 266 Anglo-Persian Treaty (1919), 139, 142 Abbas, Mahmoud, 258–259 Anglo-Russian Trade Agreement Abdülhamid II (Ottoman), 24 (1921), 140 Adamec, Ladislav, 236 Angola, 177 Afghanistan, 33, 140, 160, 194–195, 197, Anticommunist Revolutions, 1, 3, 14, 198, 205, 214 33–34, 66, 113, 215–241 Ahmad, Jalal Al-i, 209, 210 April 6 Youth Movement (Egypt), 243 Ahrar al-Sham, 259 Arab Spring, 3, 15, 34–35, 72, 242–261 Al-Afghani, Jamal al-Din, 208 Arabian Peninsula, 18, 24, 107, 163 Al-Assad, Bashar, 254 Arendt, Hannah, 8, 13, 36, 40 Al-Assad, Hafez, 198, 200, 245 Argentina, 82, 107, 113, 146 Alawites, 254 Armenia, 140 Albania, 33 Armenians, 125, 152, 154 Alexander II (Romanov), 101 Army of the Vosges, 22, 95 Algeria, 23, 30, 35, 177, 204, 245, 246–247 Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal, 201 Black October, 245 Atlantic Revolutions, 2, 5–6, 8, 12–13, Algerian War of Independence, 209, 213 15–20, 31, 38–65, 89, 109, 263–264 Algiers, 23, 99–100 Australia, 82–84, 102 Al-Haddad, Sheikh, 99 Austria, 18, 34, 56, 67, 71, 77–78, 85, 105, Allen, William, 85 113, 137, 160, 229 Alliance of Free Democrats (SzDSz), Austrian Empire, 71, 77–78, 85 225, 227 Austrian Netherlands, 17, 55–56 Al-Maliki, Nuri, 258 Austrian Revolution, 160 Al-Mokrani, Muhammad bin al-Haj Avignon, 54 Ahmad, 99 Al-Qa‘ida, 195, 259 Baden, 21–22, 67, 78 Al-Sadat, Anwar, 197–198 Bahrain, 35, 204, 244–245, 251, Amal Movement, 199 254–257, 259 American Civil War, 22, 95 Bahrain Intifada, 245 American Revolution, 2, 5–6, 13, 15, 18, Baku, 29, 130, 148, 187 40, 41, 43, 49–53, 55, 58, 61, 157, Bakunin, Mikhail, 21, 106 175, 183 Ballarat, 83–84 American Revolutionary War, 49, 55, 89 Bangladesh, 32, 205 Amin al-Zarb, Hajj Muhammad Barbados, 16 Husayn, 119 Bargagli, Marquese, 76 Amritsar Massacre, 171 Batavian Republic, 56 Amsterdam, 20 Batavian Revolution, 17 Anarchism, 144 Bavaria, 136, 150, 231, 234 Anarcho-syndicalism, 108 Bavarian Soviet Republic, 2, 26, 136 Andropov, Yuri, 220 Beijing, 99, 123, 172 269 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-19840-1 — Revolutionary World Edited by David Motadel Index More Information 270 Index Beirut, 199, 211, 257 Cabral, Amilcar, 181 Belgium, 2, 38, 55, 74, 96, 105, 107, Cabrera, Luis, 121 157 Cádiz, 62–63 Benin, 178 Cairo, 3, 30, 112, 168–169, 198, 204, 243 Berber Spring, 245 Calcutta, 30, 111 Berlin, 10, 20, 22, 66–67, 72, 79, 111, 131, Cˇalfa, Marian, 236 135–136, 145–146, 150, 187, 232 Calhoun, John, 85, 87 Berlin Wall, 10, 229, 233 Camus, Albert, 35 Biennio Rosso, 26, 137–138 Canton, 145 Bin ‘Ali, Zine al-Abidine, 35, 242 Cantonal rebellion, 107 Bismarck, Otto von, 78 Cape Colony, 21, 82 Blanc, Louis, 77 Cape Horn, 63 Bloody Sunday (Russia), 116 Capitalism, 31, 182, 189, 219, 224, 248 Blue Revolution (Kuwait), 245 Carboni, Raffaello, 84 Bogd Khan, 142–143 Caribbean, 16, 21, 40, 48–49, 53, 57–60, Bolívar, Simón, 19, 62, 64 62, 63, 68, 80, 82, 89, 90, 182, Bolivia, 31, 82, 107 262–267 Bölöni Farkas, Sándor, 73 Carlo Alberto (Savoy), 76 Bolsheviks, 2, 4, 27–29, 133, 137, 144, Carlos the Jackal, 31 149, 151, 152–153, 155–157, 165, Catholic Church, 53, 90, 223 186, 188 Catholics, 71, 98, 224 Bolshevism, 173, 176 Ceauș escu, Nicolae, 3, 33, 236–238, 241 Borodin, Mikhail, 145 Cedar Revolution (Lebanon), 245 Bouazizi, Muhammad, 242, 244 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 195 Bowen, Francis, 86 Central Powers, 133 Brabant Revolution, 17, 56 Centralization, 185–186, 188 Braga, Teófilo, 126 Césaire, Aimé, 181, 266 Brahimi, Lakhdar, 256 Cevdet, Abdullah, 115 Brasov, 237 Ceylon, 21, 82 Brazil, 20, 61, 62, 63, 95, 107 Changsha, 172 Brezhnev, Leonid, 219–220, 234 Charter 77, 225, 234, 235 Brissot, Jacques-Pierre, 39 Chen Duxiu, 141 Britain, 21–22, 38, 41, 44–45, 47–49, 53, Chernenko, Konstantin, 220 57, 59, 61–62, 73, 77–78, 82–83, 89, Chiang Kai-Shek, 145 96, 101, 107, 120, 127, 134, 138, Chile, 79, 87–88, 91, 107, 146 139–140, 142, 146, 148, 150, 153, China, 2–3, 17, 24, 27, 29, 34, 92, 99, 107, 156, 160, 162, 164–166, 168–171, 112, 114–116, 122–124, 128, 141, 172–173, 179, 267 143, 145, 150, 153, 160, 162–163, British Empire, 21, 41, 45, 47–48, 82, 138, 166–167, 172, 173, 175–176, 178, 139, 160, 166, 173 186, 189, 230, 265 British Socialist Party, 148 Chinese Communist Party, 141, 164 Browder, Earl, 148 Chinese Cultural Revolution, 178 Brussels, 18, 23, 71, 97, 187 Chinese Revolution (1911), 2, 24, 112, Bryce, James, 114 122–124, 128 Bucharest, 34, 67, 70, 215, 228, 237 Chinese Revolution (1949), 176, 178, 186 Budapest, 20, 27, 34, 131, 137, 146, 150, Christian Democratic Union 215, 217, 227, 229 (Germany), 233 Buddhism, 143 Churchill, Winston, 134 Bulgaria, 3, 33, 216–217, 228 Científicos, 121 Bulgarian Socialist Party, 239 Civic Forum (Czechoslovakia), 235 Burke, Edmund, 18 Cloots, Anarcharsis, 19 Burkina Faso, 178 Club de la Reforma (Chile), 88 Burma, 113 Cluseret, Gustave, 96 Butto, Zulfikar Ali, 193 Cold War, 3, 30, 33, 39, 177–178, 184, Bwa Kayiman, 264 189, 191, 194, 266 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-19840-1 — Revolutionary World Edited by David Motadel Index More Information Index 271 Colombia, 82, 113 Davud Khan, 194 Colonialism, 15, 30, 60, 63, 173, 175, 177, Debt, 43, 48–49, 120, 219, 222, 224, 248, 262, 267 228, 241 Color Revolutions, 3, 35 Declaration of the Rights of Man and Combatz, Lucien, 95 Citizen, 19, 50, 52, 58, 59, 62 Cominform, 132 Decolonization, 155, 174, 175, 177, Commerce, 4, 48, 50, 260 178–179, 183, 186, 190 Committee for the Defense of Religious Delhi, 165 Rights (Bulgaria), 238 Democracy, 7, 34, 40, 43, 47, 63–64, 68, Committee of Public Safety (Austria), 66 111, 113–114, 115, 120, 123, 160, Committee on Public Information (CPI), 161, 179, 184, 224–225, 227, 230, 161–164 232, 233–234, 239, 241, 245 Communism, 3, 5, 28, 29, 108, 131, 146, Democracy Now (East Germany), 232 173, 188, 216, 220 Democratic Awakening (East Communist International (Comintern), Germany), 232 27–29, 130–132, 145–149, 164, Deng Xiaoping, 149 176, 187 Denikin, Anton, 140 Communist Labor Party (United Denmark, 2, 66, 82, 89 States), 141 Dessalines, Jean-Jacques, 60 Communist Party of America, 141 Diasporas, 68, 73, 90 Communist Party of India, 145 Díaz, Porfirio, 25, 121 Communist University of the Toilers of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat, 188, 230 East, 29, 145, 149, 187 Diderot, Denis, 180 Condorcet, Nicolas de, 19, 52 Dimitrov, Georgi, 148 Confucius, 167 Discussion Club (Bulgaria), 238 Congo, 5, 31, 178 Dombrowski, Jaroslaw, 96 Congress of the Peoples of the East, 130, Dominican Republic, 164, 265–266 148, 187 Dominican War of Restoration, 265 Congress of Tours, 145 Doré, Gustave, 110 Congress of Vienna, 89 Dresden, 10, 21, 230, 234 Constitutional Democratic Party (Russia), Dreyfus Affair, 114–115 116, 117 Dubcˇek, Alexander, 234, 236 Constitutional Revolutions, 2, 5, 14, 24–25, Dublin, 15 111–129 Dutch East Indies, 27, 29, 145, 153 Constitutionalism, 5, 25, 117, 119, Dutch Empire, 81 121–122, 124, 129 Dutch Republic, 17, 55, 56 Copenhagen, 20 Copernicus, Nicolaus, 7 East Berlin, 218, 228–230, 232–233 Corsica, 41 East Germany. See German Democratic Cossack Brigade, 119 Republic (GDR) Counterrevolution, 20, 21, 67, 77, 78, 83, Ebert, Friedrich, 135–136 86, 89, 133, 226, 237, 244, 253, 260 Ecoglasnost, 238 Creel, George, 161 Ecuador, 39, 82 Creoles, 48 Education, 25, 53, 115, 119, 121, 126, 129, Croatia, 54 144, 145, 149, 176, 180, 185, 187, Crow, Carl, 162 195, 204, 205, 208, 210, 247 Cuba, 5, 30, 58, 178, 189, 266–267 Egypt, 3, 10, 28, 29–30, 35, 54, 89, 115, Special Period, 267 153, 168–169, 173, 178, 197–198, Cuban Revolution (1959), 178, 266 203, 204–205, 209, 243–244, Czechoslovakia, 3, 33, 194, 212, 216, 245–248, 249–254, 259–261 217–219, 221, 224–225, 228, 230, Egyptian Revolution (1919), 10, 29, 233–236, 239–240 169 Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty, 197 Da‘wa Party, 198, 200 Eisner, Kurt, 136 Damascus Spring, 245 Engels, Friedrich, 1, 78, 130, 188 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-19840-1 — Revolutionary World Edited by David Motadel Index More Information 272 Index England, 7, 17, 20, 55, 73, 82–83, 114, Free German Youth, 230 138, 184 Freikorps, 136, 150 Enlightenment, 8, 19, 43, 46–47, 50, French Communist Party, 145 52, 157 French Constitution (1791), 63 Ennahda, 251–252 French Constitution (1795), 57 Entente Powers, 133 French Empire, 45, 46–48, 58, 59, 160, 173 Equality, 31, 50, 60–61, 68, 103, 166–168, French First Republic, 59 178, 179, 181–183 French National Assembly, 66, 76 Erbakan, Nacmittin, 201 French National Convention, 59 Eritrea, 176 French National Guard, 96 España, José Maria, 61 French Provisional Government (1848), 80 Estates General (France), 51 French Revolution (1789), 1–2, 6–7, 10, Eureka Stockade, 84 12, 13, 15, 18, 40, 41, 43, 51–59, 61, European Union, 228, 240 63, 66, 68, 87, 91, 101, 104, 107, 113, Evren, Kenan, 201 175, 183, 185 Exiles, 21–22, 23, 50, 68, 69–71, 73, 84, 86, French Revolution (1830), 2, 66, 95, 107 107, 124, 144, 167, 245 French Revolution (1848), 66, 71, 76–77, Ezz, Ahmad, 248 79–80, 82, 91, 95, 107 June Days, 77, 83 Fada’iyan-i Islam, 209 French Revolutionary Wars, 54, 59 Fadlallah, Muhammad Hussein, 200 French Second Republic, 67, 86 Fanon, Frantz, 181,