Hokkaido University (Hokkaido) ᎛ᎯᎬ፧ᎶᎩᎱᎬᎪᎻᎰᎽᎬᎺ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎻᎯᎰᎺ፧ᎷᎹᎶᎮᎹᎨᎴ፧ᎨᎹᎬᎁ ፯፸፰፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎰᎴᎷᎹᎶᎽᎬ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፮፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎳᎨᎵᎮᎼᎨᎮᎬ፧ᎷᎹᎶᎭᎰᎪᎰᎬᎵᎪᏀ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎶᎹᎫᎬᎹ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎬᎵᎨᎩᎳᎬ፧ᎻᎯᎬᎴ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎰᎵᎻᎬᎹᎨᎪᎻ፧ᎾᎰᎻᎯ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎺᎷᎬᎨᎲᎬᎹᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎪᎶᎵᎫᎼᎪᎻ ᎹᎬᎺᎬᎨᎹᎪᎯ፧ᎰᎵ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬᎂ ፯፹፰፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎨᎪᎸᎼᎰᎹᎬ፧ᎩᎨᎺᎰᎪ፧ᎲᎵᎶᎾᎳᎬᎫᎮᎬ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎴᎬᎻᎯᎶᎫᎶᎳᎶᎮᏀ፧ᎭᎶᎹ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎰᎬᎺ፧፴ ᎬᎺᎷᎬᎪᎰᎨᎳᎳᏀ፧ᎹᎬᎳᎨᎻᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎻᎶ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎮᎬᎵᎬᎹᎨᎳ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎨᎷᎷᎳᎰᎬᎫ፧፧ᎳᎰᎵᎮᎼᎰᎺᎻᎰᎪᎺᎂ ፯፺፰፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎮᎨᎰᎵ፧Ꭸ፧ᎫᎬᎬᎷᎬᎹ፧ᎼᎵᎫᎬᎹᎺᎻᎨᎵᎫᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎶᎭ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎳᎨᎵᎮᎼᎨᎮᎬ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎪᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎬ፵፧᎐Ꮅ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎺᎬᎪᎶᎵᎫ፧ᎺᎬᎴᎬᎺᎻᎬᎹ፧፯ᎈᎷᎹᎰᎳ፧፴ ᎚ᎬᎷᎻᎬᎴᎩᎬᎹ፰፳፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎨᎹᎬ፧ᎹᎬᎸᎼᎰᎹᎬᎫ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᏀ፧Ꭸ፧ᎹᎬᎺᎬᎨᎹᎪᎯ፧ᎻᎶᎷᎰᎪ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎻᎯᎬᎰᎹ፧ᎭᎰᎬᎳᎫ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎺᎷᎬᎪᎰᎨᎳᎻᏀ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎪᎶᎴᎷᎳᎬᎻᎬ፧Ꭸ፧ ᎭᎰᎵᎨᎳ፧ᎹᎬᎷᎶᎹᎻ፧ᎼᎵᎫᎬᎹ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎮᎼᎰᎫᎨᎵᎪᎬ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎻᎯᎬᎰᎹ፧ᎺᎼᎷᎬᎹᎽᎰᎺᎶᎹ፵ ᦪ ᎜ᎵᎰᎽᎬᎹᎺᎰᎻᏀ፧᎖ᎽᎬᎹᎽᎰᎬᎾ ᦪ ᎖ᎼᎻᎳᎰᎵᎬ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ Ꭹ፵፧ᎌᎳᎬᎪᎻᎰᎽᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ ᎏᎶᎼᎹᎺ ᎏᎶᎼᎹᎺ ᎛ᏀᎷᎬ ᎊᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬ፧ᎵᎨᎴᎬ ᦮᎕ᎼᎴᎩᎬᎹ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎨᎪᎪᎬᎷᎻᎬᎫᎁ ᎛ᎶᎻᎨᎳ፧፹፷ ፧፯፸ᎺᎻ፧ᎺᎬᎴᎬᎺᎻᎬᎹ፰ ፯፹ᎵᎫ፧ᎺᎬᎴᎬᎺᎻᎬᎹ፰ ᎏᎶᎲᎲᎨᎰᎫᎶ፧᎜ᎵᎰᎽᎬᎹᎺᎰᎻᏀ፧ᎩᎬᎮᎨᎵ፧ᎨᎺ፧᎚ᎨᎷᎷᎶᎹᎶ፧ᎈᎮᎹᎰᎪᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎨᎳ፧ᎊᎶᎳᎳᎬᎮᎬ፳፧ ᎌᎳᎬᎪᎻᎰᎽᎬ ᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧᎓ᎰᎵᎮᎼᎰᎺᎻᎰᎪᎺ ፺፷ ᎾᎯᎰᎪᎯ፧ᎾᎨᎺ፧ᎭᎶᎼᎵᎫᎬᎫ፧ᎰᎵ፧፸፿፾፽፧ᎨᎺ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎭᎰᎹᎺᎻ፧ᎬᎫᎼᎪᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵᎨᎳ፧ᎰᎵᎺᎻᎰᎻᎼᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ ᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧᎚ᎶᎼᎵᎫ፧᎚ᏀᎺᎻᎬᎴ ፺፷ ᦮᎗ᎬᎹᎰᎶᎫ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎷᎹᎶᎮᎹᎨᎴᎁ ᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎎᎹᎨᎴᎴᎨᎹ ፺፷ ᎭᎶᎹ፧ᎨᎮᎹᎰᎪᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎨᎳ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎰᎬᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵ፵፧ ᎖ᎪᎻᎶᎩᎬᎹ፧፸፳፧፹፷፸፷፧፴ ᎚ᎬᎷᎻᎬᎴᎩᎬᎹ፧፺፷፳፧፹፷፸፸ ፯ᎰᎵᎪᎳᎼᎫᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎾᎰᎵᎻᎬᎹ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ ᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧᎓ᎬᎿᎰᎪᎶᎳᎶᎮᏀ ፺፷ ᎛ᎯᎬ፧ᎊᎶᎳᎳᎬᎮᎬ፧ᎾᎨᎺ፧ᎨᎳᎺᎶ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎭᎰᎹᎺᎻ፧ᎰᎵᎺᎻᎰᎻᎼᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎰᎵ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎮᎹᎨᎵᎻ፧ ᎺᎷᎹᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎩᎹᎬᎨᎲᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎺᎼᎴᎴᎬᎹ፧ᎽᎨᎪᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ፰ ᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧᎞ᎹᎰᎻᎰᎵᎮ፧᎚ᏀᎺᎻᎬᎴ ፺፷ ᎉᎨᎪᎯᎬᎳᎶᎹ፧ᎫᎬᎮᎹᎬᎬᎺ፵ ᎕Ꮆ፧ᎪᎳᎨᎺᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎾᎰᎳᎳ፧ᎩᎬ፧ᎯᎬᎳᎫ፧ᎶᎵ፧᎚ᎨᎻᎼᎹᎫᎨᏀᎺ፳፧᎚ᎼᎵᎫᎨᏀᎺ፳፧ᎶᎹ፧ᎵᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵᎨᎳ፧ ᎏᎰᎺᎻᎶᎹᏀ፧ᎶᎭ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ ፺፷ ᎖Ꮅ፧ᎰᎻᎺ፧ᎬᎺᎻᎨᎩᎳᎰᎺᎯᎴᎬᎵᎻ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎊᎶᎳᎳᎬᎮᎬ፧ᎰᎵᎽᎰᎻᎬᎫ፧ᎋᎹ፵፧᎞ᎰᎳᎳᎰᎨᎴ፧᎚፵፧ᎊᎳᎨᎹᎲ፳፧ ᎯᎶᎳᎰᎫᎨᏀᎺ፵ ᎚ᎻᎼᎫᎰᎬᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧᎓ᎨᎵᎮᎼᎨᎮᎬ ᎕ᎶᎻ፧ᎶᎭᎭᎬᎹᎬᎫ፧ᎬᎽᎬᎹᏀ፧ᎺᎬᎴᎬᎺᎻᎬᎹ ᎻᎯᎬᎵ፧ᎷᎹᎬᎺᎰᎫᎬᎵᎻ፧ᎶᎭ፧᎔ᎨᎺᎺᎨᎪᎯᎼᎺᎬᎻᎻᎺ፧ᎈᎮᎹᎰᎪᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎨᎳ፧ᎊᎶᎳᎳᎬᎮᎬ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ ᎊᎶᎴᎷᎨᎹᎨᎻᎰᎽᎬ፧ᎊᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎬ ፺፷ ᎜ᎵᎰᎻᎬᎫ፧᎚ᎻᎨᎻᎬᎺ፳፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎩᎬ፧ᎰᎻᎺ፧᎝ᎰᎪᎬ፧᎗ᎹᎬᎺᎰᎫᎬᎵᎻ፵፧ᎍᎹᎶᎴ፧ᎰᎻᎺ፧ᎰᎵᎪᎬᎷᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ ᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎏᎰᎺᎻᎶᎹᏀ፧፭፧ᎎᎬᎶᎮᎹᎨᎷᎯᏀ ፺፷ ᦮ ᎖ᎼᎻᎳᎰᎵᎬ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺᎁ ᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧᎗ᎶᎳᎰᎻᎰᎪᎺ፧፭፧ᎌᎪᎶᎵᎶᎴᏀ ፺፷ ᎊᎶᎳᎳᎬᎮᎬ፧ᎶᎭᎭᎬᎹᎬᎫ፧ᎨᎵ፧ᎬᎫᎼᎪᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎺᎻᎹᎬᎺᎺᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎪᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎨᎳ፧ᎹᎰᎪᎯᎵᎬᎺᎺ፧ᎨᎺ፧ᎾᎬᎳᎳ ᎛ᎯᎬ፧ᎷᎹᎶᎮᎹᎨᎴ፧ᎪᎶᎵᎺᎰᎺᎻᎺ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎻᎯᎹᎬᎬ፧ᎻᏀᎷᎬᎺ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺᎁ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧ ᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧᎓ᎰᎻᎬᎹᎨᎻᎼᎹᎬ፧፭፧ᎈᎹᎻᎺ ፺፷ ᎨᎺ፧ᎨᎫᎽᎨᎵᎪᎬᎫ፧ᎲᎵᎶᎾᎳᎬᎫᎮᎬ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎺᎲᎰᎳᎳᎺ፵፧᎛ᎯᎬ፧ᎭᎹᎶᎵᎻᎰᎬᎹ፧ᎺᎷᎰᎹᎰᎻ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ ᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎳᎨᎵᎮᎼᎨᎮᎬᎂ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎳᎰᎵᎮᎼᎰᎺᎻᎰᎪᎺ፳፧ᎪᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎬ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ ᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧᎚ᎶᎪᎰᎬᎻᏀ፧፭፧ᎊᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎬ ፺፷ ᎻᎰᎴᎬ፳፧ᎬᎪᎯᎶᎬᎫ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎋᎹ፵፧ᎊᎳᎨᎹᎲ፮Ꮊ፧ᎭᎨᎹᎬᎾᎬᎳᎳ፧ᎾᎶᎹᎫᎺ፧፩ᎉᎶᏀᎺ፳፧ᎩᎬ፧ ᎺᎶᎪᎰᎬᎻᏀᎂ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎫᎰᎹᎬᎪᎻᎬᎫ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᏀ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፮፧ᎭᎰᎬᎳᎫᎺ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎺᎷᎬᎪᎰᎨᎳᎻᏀ፧ ᎚ᎻᎼᎫᎰᎬᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎊᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎬ ᎕ᎶᎻ፧ᎶᎭᎭᎬᎹᎬᎫ፧ᎬᎽᎬᎹᏀ፧ᎺᎬᎴᎬᎺᎻᎬᎹ ᎨᎴᎩᎰᎻᎰᎶᎼᎺ፩፳፧ᎯᎨᎺ፧ᎩᎬᎬᎵ፧ᎰᎵᎯᎬᎹᎰᎻᎬᎫ፧ᎨᎺ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎺᎷᎰᎹᎰᎻ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎭᎶᎼᎵᎫᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ ᎰᎵᎪᎳᎼᎫᎰᎵᎮ፧Ꭸ፧ᎭᎰᎵᎨᎳ፧ᎹᎬᎷᎶᎹᎻ፵፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎳᎨᎵᎮᎼᎨᎮᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎫᎰᎹᎬᎪᎻᎬᎫ ᎚ᎷᎬᎪᎰᎨᎳ፧᎓ᎬᎪᎻᎼᎹᎬᎺ ᎜Ꮇ፧ᎻᎶ፧፽፷፧ᎯᎶᎼᎹᎺ ᎜ᎵᎰᎽᎬᎹᎺᎰᎻᏀ፧ᎻᎯᎹᎶᎼᎮᎯᎶᎼᎻ፧ᎰᎻᎺ፧ᎶᎽᎬᎹ፧፸፺፷፧ᏀᎬᎨᎹᎺ፮፧ᎯᎰᎺᎻᎶᎹᏀ፵ ᎺᎻᎼᎫᏀ፧ᎨᎹᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎴᎷᎼᎳᎺᎶᎹᏀ፳፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎳᎰᎵᎮᎼᎰᎺᎻᎰᎪᎺ፳፧ ᎕ᎶᎻᎬᎺᎁ ᎐Ꮅ፧፸ᎀ፻ᎀ፧ᎏᎶᎲᎲᎨᎰᎫᎶ፧᎜ᎵᎰᎽᎬᎹᎺᎰᎻᏀ፧ᎾᎨᎺ፧ᎹᎬᎫᎬᎺᎰᎮᎵᎨᎻᎬᎫ ᎨᎺ፧Ꭸ፧፩ᎵᎬᎾ፴ ᎪᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎬ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎺᎶᎪᎰᎬᎻᏀ፧ᎨᎹᎬ፧ᎬᎳᎬᎪᎻᎰᎽᎬ፵፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎻᎨᎲᎬ፧ᎬᎰᎮᎯᎻ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎻᎾᎬᎳᎽᎬ፧ ፸፵፧ᎍᎰᎹᎺᎻ፧ᎺᎬᎴᎬᎺᎻᎬᎹ፧ᎰᎺ፧ᎭᎹᎶᎴ፧᎖ᎪᎻᎶᎩᎬᎹ፧ᎻᎶ፧᎔ᎨᎹᎪᎯ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎺᎬᎪᎶᎵᎫ፧ᎺᎬᎴᎬᎺᎻᎬᎹ፧ ᎺᏀᎺᎻᎬᎴ፩፧ᎼᎵᎰᎽᎬᎹᎺᎰᎻᏀ፧ᎾᎰᎻᎯ፧ᎺᎬᎽᎬᎵ፧ᎭᎨᎪᎼᎳᎻᎰᎬᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎶᎵᎬ፧ᎫᎬᎷᎨᎹᎻᎴᎬᎵᎻ፧ᎶᎭ፧ ᎪᎳᎨᎺᎺ፧ᎯᎶᎼᎹᎺ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎪᎶᎴᎷᎼᎳᎺᎶᎹᏀ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎷᎬᎹ፧ᎾᎬᎬᎲ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ ᎭᎹᎶᎴ፧ᎈᎷᎹᎰᎳ፧ᎻᎶ፧᎚ᎬᎷᎻᎬᎴᎩᎬᎹ፵ ᎮᎬᎵᎬᎹᎨᎳ፧ᎬᎫᎼᎪᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ፳፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎰᎻ፧ᎯᎨᎺ፧ᎺᎰᎵᎪᎬ፧ᎫᎬᎽᎬᎳᎶᎷᎬᎫ፧ᎰᎵᎻᎶ፧ᎶᎵᎬ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ ᎨᎫᎫᎰᎻᎰᎶᎵᎨᎳ፧ᎬᎳᎬᎪᎻᎰᎽᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎻᎯᎬᎰᎹ፧ᎶᎾᎵ፧ᎨᎹᎬᎨᎺ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎰᎵᎻᎬᎹᎬᎺᎻ፵፧ ፹፵፧᎛ᎯᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎴᎷᎼᎳᎺᎶᎹᏀ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬ፳፧ᎋᎰᎹᎬᎪᎻᎬᎫ፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᏀ፳፧ᎴᎼᎺᎻ፧ᎩᎬ፧ᎻᎨᎲᎬᎵ፧ᎩᏀ፧ᎨᎳᎳ፧ ᎴᎶᎺᎻ፧ᎫᎰᎺᎻᎰᎵᎮᎼᎰᎺᎯᎬᎫ፧ᎼᎵᎰᎽᎬᎹᎺᎰᎻᎰᎬᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵ፵ ᎋᎰᎹᎬᎪᎻᎬᎫ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᏀ፧ᎰᎺ፧ᎶᎭᎭᎬᎹᎬᎫ፧ᎶᎵᎳᏀ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎺᎬᎪᎶᎵᎫ፧ᎺᎬᎴᎬᎺᎻᎬᎹ፵፧᎛ᎯᎬ፧ ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፵ ᎛ᎯᎬ፧᎜ᎵᎰᎽᎬᎹᎺᎰᎻᏀ፧ᎪᎼᎹᎹᎬᎵᎻᎳᏀ፧ᎪᎶᎵᎺᎰᎺᎻᎺ፧ᎶᎭ፧፸፹፧ᎭᎨᎪᎼᎳᎻᎰᎬᎺ፳፧፸፿ ᎮᎹᎨᎫᎼᎨᎻᎬ፧ ᎵᎼᎴᎩᎬᎹ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎪᎳᎨᎺᎺ፧ᎯᎶᎼᎹᎺ፧ᎽᎨᎹᎰᎬᎺ፧ᎨᎪᎪᎶᎹᎫᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎳᎬᎽᎬᎳ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ ፺፵፧ᎈᎳᎳ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎴᎼᎺᎻ፧ᎻᎨᎲᎬ፧ᎨᎻ፧ᎳᎬᎨᎺᎻ፧፺፷፷፧ᎯᎶᎼᎹᎺ፧ᎶᎭ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎳᎨᎵᎮᎼᎨᎮᎬ፧ ᎺᎪᎯᎶᎶᎳᎺ፳፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧፹፽፧ᎹᎬᎺᎬᎨᎹᎪᎯ፧ᎰᎵᎺᎻᎰᎻᎼᎻᎬᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎪᎬᎵᎻᎬᎹᎺ፳፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎯᎨᎺ፧፹፳፷፺፿፧ ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎺᎬᎴᎬᎺᎻᎬᎹ፵፧፧ ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎫᎼᎹᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᏀᎬᎨᎹ፵፧፧᎐Ꮅ፧ᎭᎰᎹᎺᎻ፧ᎺᎬᎴᎬᎺᎻᎬᎹ፳፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎴᎼᎺᎻ፧ᎻᎨᎲᎬ፧ᎶᎵᎬ፧ ᎨᎪᎨᎫᎬᎴᎰᎪ፧ᎺᎻᎨᎭᎭ፳፧፸፸፳፿፻፼፧ᎼᎵᎫᎬᎹᎮᎹᎨᎫᎼᎨᎻᎬ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧፽፳፺፿፾፧ᎮᎹᎨᎫᎼᎨᎻᎬ፧ ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬ፧ᎭᎹᎶᎴ፧ᎬᎨᎪᎯ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎮᎹᎶᎼᎷᎺ፧ᎈ፴ᎌ፵ ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፵ ፯፸፰፧᎕ᎨᎴᎬᎺ፳፧ᎻᏀᎷᎬᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎪᎳᎨᎺᎺ፧ᎯᎶᎼᎹᎺ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ ፻፵፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎴᎼᎺᎻ፧ᎻᎨᎲᎬ፧ᎨᎻ፧ᎳᎬᎨᎺᎻ፧፼፻፷፧ᎯᎶᎼᎹᎺ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎻᎶᎻᎨᎳ፧ Ꭸ፵ ᎊᎶᎴᎷᎼᎳᎺᎶᎹᏀ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ ᎻᎯᎹᎶᎼᎮᎯᎶᎼᎻ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᏀᎬᎨᎹ፵ ᎕ᎼᎴᎩᎬᎹ፧ᎶᎭ፧᎖ᎽᎬᎹᎺᎬᎨᎺ፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧፯᎔ᎨᏀ፧፸፳፹፷፷ᎀ፰ᎁ ᎏᎶᎼᎹᎺ ᎏᎶᎼᎹᎺ ፼፵፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎴᎨᏀ፧ᎻᎨᎲᎬ፧ᎨᎷᎷᎹᎶᎽᎬᎫ፧ᎺᎼᎩᎱᎬᎪᎻᎺ፧ᎶᎭᎭᎬᎹᎬᎫ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎮᎬᎵᎬᎹᎨᎳ፧ ᎛ᏀᎷᎬ ᎊᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬ፧ᎵᎨᎴᎬ ᎛ᎶᎻᎨᎳ፧ᎁ፧ᎀᎀ፷፧፯ᎭᎹᎶᎴ፧፿፽፧ᎪᎶᎼᎵᎻᎹᎰᎬᎺ፰ ፯፸ᎺᎻ፧ᎺᎬᎴᎬᎺᎻᎬᎹ፰ ፯፹ᎵᎫ፧ᎺᎬᎴᎬᎺᎻᎬᎹ፰ ᎬᎫᎼᎪᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎷᎹᎶᎮᎹᎨᎴ፧ᎶᎹ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎭᎨᎪᎼᎳᎻᎰᎬᎺ፧ᎨᎻ፧ᎏᎶᎲᎲᎨᎰᎫᎶ፧᎜ᎵᎰᎽᎬᎹᎺᎰᎻᏀ፧ᎰᎵ፧ ᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧᎓ᎨᎵᎮᎼᎨᎮᎬ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎊᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎬ፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᎰᎬᎺ፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺᎁ፧፸፼ ፯፹፷፷ᎀ፴ ᎊᎶᎴᎷᎼᎳᎺᎶᎹᏀ ᎋᎰᎹᎬᎪᎻᎬᎫ፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᏀ ፺፷ ᎷᎳᎨᎪᎬ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎺᎶᎴᎬ፧ᎬᎳᎬᎪᎻᎰᎽᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፵ ፹፷፸፷፰ ᎓ᎨᎵᎮᎼᎨᎮᎬ ᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎴᎬᎫᎰᎨᎻᎬ፧ᎎᎹᎨᎴᎴᎨᎹ ፺፷ ፺፷ ᎈ ፽፵፧᎛ᎯᎬ፧ᎋᎰᎹᎬᎪᎻᎶᎹ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎵᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵᎨᎳ፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻ፧ᎊᎬᎵᎻᎬᎹ፧ᎴᎨᏀ፧ᎨᎳᎺᎶ፧ᎮᎰᎽᎬ፧ ᎈᎫᎽᎨᎵᎪᎬᎫ፧ᎎᎹᎨᎴᎴᎨᎹ ፺፷ ፺፷ ᎷᎬᎹᎴᎰᎺᎺᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎻᎨᎲᎬ፧ᎨᎫᎫᎰᎻᎰᎶᎵᎨᎳ፧ᎨᎷᎷᎹᎶᎷᎹᎰᎨᎻᎬ፧ᎺᎼᎩᎱᎬᎪᎻᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧ ᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎴᎬᎫᎰᎨᎻᎬ፧᎒ᎨᎵᎱᎰ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧᎝ᎶᎪᎨᎩᎼᎳᎨᎹᏀ ፽፷ ፽፷ ᎉ ᎈᎫᎽᎨᎵᎪᎬᎫ፧᎒ᎨᎵᎱᎰ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧᎝ᎶᎪᎨᎩᎼᎳᎨᎹᏀ ፺፷ ፺፷ ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎮᎬᎵᎬᎹᎨᎳ፧ᎬᎫᎼᎪᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎷᎹᎶᎮᎹᎨᎴ፳፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎭᎨᎪᎼᎳᎻᎰᎬᎺ፳፧ᎶᎹ፧ᎨᎹᎻᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ ᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎴᎬᎫᎰᎨᎻᎬ፧᎙ᎬᎨᎫᎰᎵᎮ ፺፷ ፺፷ ᎺᎪᎰᎬᎵᎪᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎌᎵᎮᎳᎰᎺᎯ፧ᎨᎻ፧ᎏᎶᎲᎲᎨᎰᎫᎶ፧᎜ᎵᎰᎽᎬᎹᎺᎰᎻᏀ፵ ᎊ ᎈᎫᎽᎨᎵᎪᎬᎫ፧᎙ᎬᎨᎫᎰᎵᎮ ፺፷ ፺፷ ᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎴᎬᎫᎰᎨᎻᎬ፧᎞ᎹᎰᎻᎰᎵᎮ ፺፷ ፺፷ ᎋ ᎈᎫᎽᎨᎵᎪᎬᎫ፧᎞ᎹᎰᎻᎰᎵᎮ ፺፷ ፺፷ ᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎴᎬᎫᎰᎨᎻᎬ፧᎖ᎹᎨᎳ፧ᎊᎶᎴᎴᎼᎵᎰᎪᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ ፽፷ ፽፷ ᎌ ᎈᎫᎽᎨᎵᎪᎬᎫ፧᎖ᎹᎨᎳ፧ᎊᎶᎴᎴᎼᎵᎰᎪᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ ፽፷ ፽፷ Ꭹ፵፧ᎊᎶᎴᎷᎬᎻᎬᎵᎪᎬ፧ᎰᎵ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎳᎨᎵᎮᎼᎨᎮᎬ ፾፵፧ᎊᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎻᎨᎲᎬᎵ፧ᎼᎵᎫᎬᎹ፧፯፽፰፧ᎾᎰᎳᎳ፧ᎩᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎵᎻᎬᎫ፧ᎨᎺ፧᎚ᎷᎬᎪᎰᎨᎳ፧᎓ᎬᎪᎻᎼᎹᎬᎺ፧ ፯፺፰፧᎖ᎹᎮᎨᎵᎰᏁᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎪᎳᎨᎺᎺᎬᎺ ᎈᎷᎷᎳᎰᎪᎨᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎴᎼᎺᎻ፧ᎯᎨᎽᎬ፧ᎷᎨᎺᎺᎬᎫ፧ᎳᎬᎽᎬᎳ፧፺፧፯ᎶᎹ፧ᎯᎰᎮᎯᎬᎹ፰፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ ᎰᎵ፧ᎬᎳᎬᎪᎻᎰᎽᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎼᎷ፧ᎻᎶ፧Ꭸ፧ᎴᎨᎿᎰᎴᎼᎴ፧ᎶᎭ፧፽፷፧ᎯᎶᎼᎹᎺ፵ Ꭸ፵ᎊᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺᎁ ᎓ᎨᎵᎮᎼᎨᎮᎬ፧᎗ᎹᎶᎭᎰᎪᎰᎬᎵᎪᏀ፧᎛ᎬᎺᎻ፧ᎶᎹ፧ᎯᎨᎽᎬ፧ᎬᎸᎼᎰᎽᎨᎳᎬᎵᎻ ᎶᎹ፧ᎯᎰᎮᎯᎬᎹ፧ᎷᎹᎶᎭᎰᎪᎰᎬᎵᎪᏀ፧ ፿፵፧ᎊᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎼᎵᎫᎬᎹ፧፯፼፰፧ᎶᎹ፧፯፽፰፧ᎾᎰᎳᎳ፧ᎩᎬ፧ᎻᎨᎲᎬᎵ፧ᎾᎰᎻᎯ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎷᎬᎹᎴᎰᎺᎺᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎶᎭ ᎛ᎯᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎪᎶᎴᎷᎹᎰᎺᎬ፧ᎼᎵᎰᎻᎺ፧ᎶᎭᎭᎬᎹᎬᎫ፧ᎻᎯᎹᎶᎼᎮᎯᎶᎼᎻ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᏀᎬᎨᎹ፧ᎩᏀ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ ᎰᎵ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎳᎨᎵᎮᎼᎨᎮᎬ፧ᎨᎻ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎻᎰᎴᎬ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎨᎷᎷᎳᎰᎪᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ፵፧፧ᎈᎷᎷᎳᎰᎪᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵᎺ፧ᎭᎹᎶᎴ፧ ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎯᎬᎨᎫ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎮᎬᎵᎬᎹᎨᎳ፧ᎬᎫᎼᎪᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎷᎹᎶᎮᎹᎨᎴ፧ᎶᎹ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎫᎬᎨᎵ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ ᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎵᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵᎨᎳ፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻ፧ᎊᎬᎵᎻᎬᎹ፧ᎨᎻ፧ᎏᎶᎲᎲᎨᎰᎫᎶ፧᎜ᎵᎰᎽᎬᎹᎺᎰᎻᏀ፵ ᎨᎷᎷᎳᎰᎪᎨᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎾᎰᎻᎯ፧ᎶᎵᎳᏀ፧ᎰᎵᎻᎹᎶᎫᎼᎪᎻᎶᎹᏀ፧ᎳᎬᎽᎬᎳ፧ᎷᎹᎶᎭᎰᎪᎰᎬᎵᎪᏀ፧ᎾᎰᎳᎳ፧ᎵᎶᎻ፧ᎩᎬ፧ ᎭᎨᎪᎼᎳᎻᏀ፧ᎪᎶᎵᎪᎬᎹᎵᎬᎫ፵ Ꭹ፵፧ᎊᎳᎨᎺᎺᎬᎺᎁ ᎨᎪᎪᎬᎷᎻᎬᎫ፵፧፧ᎈᎵᏀ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎨᎫᎱᎼᎫᎮᎬᎫ፧ᎨᎺ፧ᎰᎵᎻᎹᎶᎫᎼᎪᎻᎶᎹᏀ፴ᎳᎬᎽᎬᎳ፧ᎨᎭᎻᎬᎹ፧ᎨᎹᎹᎰᎽᎨᎳ፧ ᎖ᎵᎳᏀ፧ᎳᎨᎵᎮᎼᎨᎮᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎨᎹᎬ፧ᎫᎰᎽᎰᎫᎬᎫ፧ᎰᎵᎻᎶ፧ᎰᎵᎻᎬᎹᎴᎬᎫᎰᎨᎻᎬ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ ᎾᎰᎳᎳ፧ᎵᎶᎻ፧ᎩᎬ፧ᎬᎳᎰᎮᎰᎩᎳᎬ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎪᎶᎴᎷᎳᎬᎻᎬ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬ፵፧፧ ፯፹፰፧ᎊᎶᎵᎻᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎁ ᎨᎫᎽᎨᎵᎪᎬᎫ፧ᎳᎬᎽᎬᎳᎺ፵፧፧᎗ᎳᎨᎪᎬᎴᎬᎵᎻ፧ᎾᎰᎳᎳ፧ᎩᎬ፧ᎫᎬᎪᎰᎫᎬᎫ፧ᎩᏀ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎷᎳᎨᎪᎬᎴᎬᎵᎻ፧ Ꭺ፵፧ᎈᎪᎨᎫᎬᎴᎰᎪ፧ᎹᎬᎪᎶᎹᎫᎁ Ꭸ፵፧ᎊᎶᎴᎷᎼᎳᎺᎶᎹᏀ፧ᎁ፧ᎋᎰᎹᎬᎪᎻᎬᎫ፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᏀ ᎻᎬᎺᎻ፧ᎯᎬᎳᎫ፧ᎨᎭᎻᎬᎹ፧ᎬᎵᎹᎶᎳᎳᎴᎬᎵᎻ፵ ᎈᎷᎷᎳᎰᎪᎨᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎴᎼᎺᎻ፧ᎷᎶᎺᎺᎬᎺᎺ፧Ꭸ፧ᎮᎶᎶᎫ፧ᎨᎪᎨᎫᎬᎴᎰᎪ፧ᎹᎬᎪᎶᎹᎫ፧ᎨᎻ፧ᎼᎵᎰᎽᎬᎹᎺᎰᎻᏀ፧ᎳᎬᎽᎬᎳ፵ ᎛ᎯᎰᎺ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬ፧ᎰᎺ፧ᎶᎭᎭᎬᎹᎬᎫ፧ᎶᎵᎳᏀ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎺᎬᎪᎶᎵᎫ፧ᎺᎬᎴᎬᎺᎻᎬᎹ፵፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ ᎨᎪᎸᎼᎰᎹᎬ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎩᎨᎺᎰᎪ፧ᎪᎶᎵᎪᎬᎷᎻᎺ፳፧ᎻᎬᎪᎯᎵᎰᎸᎼᎬᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎴᎬᎻᎯᎶᎫᎶᎳᎶᎮᏀ፧ᎭᎶᎹ፧ ᦮᎛ᎬᎨᎪᎯᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎮᎼᎰᎫᎨᎵᎪᎬᎁ ᦮ᎌᎿᎪᎯᎨᎵᎮᎬ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎪᎹᎬᎫᎰᎻᎺᎁ ᎹᎬᎺᎬᎨᎹᎪᎯ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎻᎯᎬᎰᎹ፧ᎭᎰᎬᎳᎫ᫞ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎪᎶᎴᎷᎳᎬᎻᎬ፧Ꭸ፧ᎭᎰᎵᎨᎳ፧ᎹᎬᎷᎶᎹᎻ፧ᎼᎵᎫᎬᎹ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ ፯፸፰፧᎛ᎬᎨᎪᎯᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎺᎻᎨᎭᎭ፧ᎶᎭ፧᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎵᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵᎨᎳ፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻ፧ᎊᎬᎵᎻᎬᎹ ᎐Ꮅ፧ᎷᎹᎰᎵᎪᎰᎷᎳᎬ፳፧ᎶᎭᎭᎰᎪᎰᎨᎳ፧ᎼᎵᎰᎻᎺ፧ᎨᎹᎬ፧ᎵᎶᎻ፧ᎪᎹᎬᎫᎰᎻᎬᎫ፧ᎩᎼᎻ፧Ꭸ፧ᎳᎰᎺᎻ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎪᎶᎴᎷᎳᎬᎻᎬᎫ፧ ᎮᎼᎰᎫᎨᎵᎪᎬ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎻᎯᎬᎰᎹ፧ᎺᎼᎷᎬᎹᎽᎰᎺᎶᎹ፵፧᎙ᎬᎷᎶᎹᎻᎺ፧ᎨᎹᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎳᎳᎬᎪᎻᎬᎫ፧ᎰᎵ፧Ꭸ፧ᎷᎹᎰᎵᎻᎬᎫ Name Title Field Speciality ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎮᎹᎨᎫᎬᎺ፧ᎾᎰᎳᎳ፧ᎩᎬ፧ᎮᎰᎽᎬᎵ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎬᎨᎪᎯ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻ፵፧᎐Ꭽ፧Ꭸ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻ፮Ꮊ ᎩᎶᎶᎲᎳᎬᎻ፵ Japanese Linguistics. YAMASITA, Yoshitaka Professor ᎯᎶᎴᎬ፧ᎼᎵᎰᎽᎬᎹᎺᎰᎻᏀ፧ᎵᎬᎬᎫᎺ፧ᎰᎵᎭᎶᎹᎴᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎶᎵ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎮᎹᎨᎫᎬᎺ፳፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ Spanish Linguistics Japanese Language Teaching. ᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎵᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵᎨᎳ፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻ፧ᎊᎬᎵᎻᎬᎹ፧ᎾᎰᎳᎳ፧ᎷᎹᎶᎽᎰᎫᎬ፧ᎨᎵ፧ᎶᎭᎭᎰᎪᎰᎨᎳ፧ᎪᎬᎹᎻᎰᎭᎰᎪᎨᎻᎬ፵ YANAGIMACHI, Tomoharu Professor Ꭹ፵፧᎓ᎨᎵᎮᎼᎨᎮᎬ፧ᎁ Second Language Learning Japanese Language Teaching. ፸፰፧᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎴᎬᎫᎰᎨᎻᎬ፧፶፧ᎈᎫᎽᎨᎵᎪᎬᎫ፧ᎎᎹᎨᎴᎴᎨᎹ NAKAMURA, Shigeho Associate Professor ᎙ᎬᎽᎰᎬᎾ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎩᎨᎺᎰᎪ፧ᎮᎹᎨᎴᎴᎨᎹ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎨᎪᎸᎼᎰᎺᎰᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎭᎼᎹᎻᎯᎬᎹ፧ᎮᎹᎨᎴᎴᎨᎻᎰᎪᎨᎳ፧ Semantics ᦪᎈᎪᎪᎶᎴᎴᎶᎫᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ Japanese Language Teaching. KOBAYASHI, Yoshiko Associate Professor ᎷᎨᎻᎻᎬᎹᎵᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎬᎿᎷᎹᎬᎺᎺᎰᎶᎵᎺ፧ᎻᎯᎹᎶᎼᎮᎯ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᏀ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎷᎹᎨᎪᎻᎰᎪᎨᎳ፧ᎬᎿᎬᎹᎪᎰᎺᎬᎺ፵ Learning Science ፹፰፧᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎴᎬᎫᎰᎨᎻᎬ፧፶፧ᎈᎫᎽᎨᎵᎪᎬᎫ፧᎒ᎨᎵᎱᎰ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧᎝ᎶᎪᎨᎩᎼᎳᎨᎹᏀ OGAWARA, Yoshiro Associate Professor Japanese Language Teaching. ᎒ᎬᎰᎻᎬᎲᎰ፴ᎹᏀᎶ ፯ᎭᎶᎹ፧ᎺᎰᎵᎮᎳᎬ፧ᎴᎬᎵ፰ Japanese Linguistics. ᎈᎪᎸᎼᎰᎺᎰᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎲᎨᎵᎱᎰ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎪᎶᎵᎻᎹᎶᎳ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎴᎬᎨᎵᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎼᎺᎬ፧ᎶᎭ፧ JUNG Hyeseon Associate Professor Social Linguistics ᎚ᎶᎺᎬᎰ፴ᎹᏀᎶ ፯ᎭᎶᎹ፧ᎺᎰᎵᎮᎳᎬ፧ᎾᎶᎴᎬᎵ፰ ᎽᎶᎪᎨᎩᎼᎳᎨᎹᏀ፧ᎻᎯᎹᎶᎼᎮᎯ፧ᎹᎬᎨᎫᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎶᎻᎯᎬᎹ፧ᎷᎹᎨᎪᎻᎰᎪᎨᎳ፧ᎬᎿᎬᎹᎪᎰᎺᎬᎺ፵ ፯፹፰፧᎗ᎬᎹᎺᎶᎵᎨᎳ፧ᎮᎼᎰᎫᎨᎵᎪᎬ ᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎵᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵᎨᎳ፧ᎏᎶᎼᎺᎬ፧፯ᎭᎶᎹ፧ᎺᎰᎵᎮᎳᎬ፧ᎴᎬᎵ፶ᎾᎶᎴᎬᎵ፳፧ᎴᎨᎹᎹᎰᎬᎫ፧ ፺፰፧᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎴᎬᎫᎰᎨᎻᎬ፧፶፧ᎈᎫᎽᎨᎵᎪᎬᎫ፧᎙ᎬᎨᎫᎰᎵᎮ Ꭸ፵፧ᎈᎪᎨᎫᎬᎴᎰᎪ፧ᎨᎫᎽᎰᎪᎬᎁ ᎪᎶᎼᎷᎳᎬᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎭᎨᎴᎰᎳᎰᎬᎺ፰ ᎈᎪᎸᎼᎰᎺᎰᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎺᎲᎰᎳᎳᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎻᎬᎪᎯᎵᎰᎸᎼᎬᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎹᎬᎨᎫᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎨᎼᎻᎯᎬᎵᎻᎰᎪ፧ ᎐Ꮅ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎭᎰᎹᎺᎻ፧ᎺᎬᎴᎬᎺᎻᎬᎹ፳፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎶᎹᎫᎰᎵᎨᎻᎶᎹ፧ᎨᎫᎽᎰᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ ᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎻᎬᎿᎻᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎽᎨᎹᎰᎶᎼᎺ፧ᎮᎬᎵᎹᎬᎺ፵ ᎶᎵ፧ᎨᎪᎨᎫᎬᎴᎰᎪ፧ᎰᎺᎺᎼᎬᎺ፧ᎨᎺ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎵᎬᎬᎫ፧ᎨᎹᎰᎺᎬᎺ፵፧᎐Ꮅ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎺᎬᎪᎶᎵᎫ፧ᎺᎬᎴᎬᎺᎻᎬᎹ፳፧ ፻፰፧᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎴᎬᎫᎰᎨᎻᎬ፧፶፧ᎈᎫᎽᎨᎵᎪᎬᎫ፧᎞ᎹᎰᎻᎰᎵᎮ ᎺᎼᎷᎬᎹᎽᎰᎺᎶᎹᎺ፧ᎨᎫᎽᎰᎺᎬ፧ᎰᎵᎫᎰᎽᎰᎫᎼᎨᎳ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎋᎰᎹᎬᎪᎻᎬᎫ፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᏀ፧ ᦪᎊᎶᎵᎻᎨᎪᎻ ᎚ᎻᎼᎫᏀ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎷᎹᎨᎪᎻᎰᎪᎬ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎾᎹᎰᎻᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎽᎨᎹᎰᎶᎼᎺ፧ᎻᏀᎷᎬᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎺᎻᏀᎳᎬᎺ፧ᎶᎭ፧ ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬ፧ᎬᎨᎪᎯ፧ᎾᎬᎬᎲ፵ ᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፳፧ᎭᎹᎶᎴ፧ᎬᎽᎬᎹᏀᎫᎨᏀ፧ᎳᎬᎻᎻᎬᎹᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧Ꭼ፴ᎴᎨᎰᎳᎺ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎨᎪᎨᎫᎬᎴᎰᎪ፧ᎹᎬᎷᎶᎹᎻᎺ፵፧፧ Ꭹ፵፧ᎎᎬᎵᎬᎹᎨᎳ፧ᎨᎫᎽᎰᎪᎬᎁ ᎈᎫᎫᎹᎬᎺᎺ፧ᯪ ፼፰፧᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎴᎬᎫᎰᎨᎻᎬ፧፶፧ᎈᎫᎽᎨᎵᎪᎬᎫ፧᎖ᎹᎨᎳ፧ᎊᎶᎴᎴᎼᎵᎰᎪᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ ᎛ᎾᎶ፧ᎶᎽᎬᎹᎺᎬᎨᎺ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻ፧ᎨᎫᎽᎰᎺᎶᎹᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎵᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵᎨᎳ፧᎚ᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻ፧ ᎏᎶᎲᎲᎨᎰᎫᎶ፧᎜ᎵᎰᎽᎬᎹᎺᎰᎻᏀ ᎗ᎹᎨᎪᎻᎰᎪᎬ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎫᎬᎽᎬᎳᎶᎷᎴᎬᎵᎻ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎶᎹᎨᎳ፧ᎪᎶᎴᎴᎼᎵᎰᎪᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎺᎲᎰᎳᎳᎺ፧ᎹᎬᎸᎼᎰᎹᎬᎫ፧ ᎊᎬᎵᎻᎬᎹ፧ᎨᎫᎽᎰᎺᎬ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎨᎺ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎵᎬᎬᎫ፧ᎨᎹᎰᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎻᎯᎹᎶᎼᎮᎯᎶᎼᎻ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᏀᎬᎨᎹ፵ ᎒ᎰᎻᎨ፧፿፳፧᎕ᎰᎺᎯᎰ፧፿፳፧᎒ᎰᎻᎨ፴ᎲᎼ፳፧᎚ᎨᎷᎷᎶᎹᎶ፧፷፽፷፴፷፿፷፿፧᎑ᎈ᎗ᎈ᎕ ᎰᎵ፧ᎬᎽᎬᎹᏀᎫᎨᏀ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎨᎪᎨᎫᎬᎴᎰᎪ፧ᎺᎰᎻᎼᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵᎺ፵ ᎊᎶᎵᎻᎨᎪᎻ፧ᯪ ᦮ ᎊᎶᎵᎫᎰᎻᎰᎶᎵᎺ፧ᎭᎶᎹ፧ᎪᎶᎴᎷᎳᎬᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎁ ᎋᎰᎽᎰᎺᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎭᎶᎹ፧᎐ᎵᎻᎬᎹᎵᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵᎨᎳ፧ᎌᎿᎪᎯᎨᎵᎮᎬ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎌᎫᎼᎪᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ Ꭺ፵፧ᎌᎳᎬᎪᎻᎰᎽᎬᎺᎁ ᎈ፧ᎪᎬᎹᎻᎰᎭᎰᎪᎨᎻᎬ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎪᎶᎴᎷᎳᎬᎻᎰᎶᎵ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎷᎹᎶᎮᎹᎨᎴ፧ᎾᎰᎳᎳ፧ᎩᎬ፧ᎮᎰᎽᎬᎵ፧ᎻᎶ፧ ᎛ᎌ᎓፧ᯪ ᎝ᎨᎹᎰᎶᎼᎺ፧ᎬᎳᎬᎪᎻᎰᎽᎬ፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎾᎰᎳᎳ፧ᎩᎬ፧ᎶᎭᎭᎬᎹᎬᎫ፧ᎨᎪᎪᎶᎹᎫᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፮፧ ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎾᎯᎶ፧ᎺᎨᎻᎰᎺᎭᎨᎪᎻᎶᎹᎰᎳᏀ፧ᎪᎶᎴᎷᎳᎬᎻᎬ፧፼፻፷፧ᎯᎶᎼᎹᎺ፧ᎶᎹ፧ᎴᎶᎹᎬ፧ᎶᎭ፧ ፲፿፸፴፸፸፴፾፷፽፴፹፸፷ᎀ ᎰᎵᎻᎬᎹᎬᎺᎻᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎶᎹᎫᎬᎹ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎷᎹᎶᎽᎰᎫᎬ፧ᎩᎨᎺᎰᎪ፧ᎲᎵᎶᎾᎳᎬᎫᎮᎬ፧ᎶᎭ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎻᎯᎹᎶᎼᎮᎯᎶᎼᎻ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᏀᎬᎨᎹ፵ ᎍᎈ᎟፧ᯪ ᎳᎰᎵᎮᎼᎰᎺᎻᎰᎪᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎩᎨᎪᎲᎮᎹᎶᎼᎵᎫ፧ᎲᎵᎶᎾᎳᎬᎫᎮᎬ፧ᎶᎭ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎪᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎬ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ ፲፿፸፴፸፸፴፾፷፽፴፻፿፾፻ ᎺᎶᎪᎰᎬᎻᏀ፧ᎨᎺ፧ᎾᎬᎳᎳ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎬᎵᎨᎩᎳᎬ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎻᎶ፧ᎨᎪᎸᎼᎰᎹᎬ፧ᎩᎨᎺᎰᎪ፧ᎺᎲᎰᎳᎳᎺ፧ᎭᎶᎹ፧ ᦮ ᎘ᎼᎨᎳᎰᎭᎰᎪᎨᎻᎰᎶᎵᎺ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎨᎷᎷᎳᎰᎪᎨᎵᎻᎺᎁ ᎌ፴᎔ᎈ᎐᎓፧ᯪ ᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎰᎬᎺ፧ᎻᎯᎹᎶᎼᎮᎯ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᏀᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎹᎬᎺᎬᎨᎹᎪᎯ፧ᎴᎬᎻᎯᎶᎫᎶᎳᎶᎮᏀ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ ᎈᎷᎷᎳᎰᎪᎨᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎴᎼᎺᎻ፧ᎴᎬᎬᎻ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎭᎶᎳᎳᎶᎾᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎪᎶᎵᎫᎰᎻᎰᎶᎵᎺᎁ ᎹᏀᎼᎮᎨᎲᎼᎇᎨᎪᎨᎫᎬᎴᎰᎪ፵ᎯᎶᎲᎼᎫᎨᎰ፵ᎨᎪ፵ᎱᎷ ᎻᎬᎪᎯᎵᎰᎸᎼᎬᎺ፵፧᎐Ꮅ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎳᎰᎵᎮᎼᎰᎺᎻᎰᎪᎺ፳፧ᎪᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎶᎵ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎺᎶᎼᎵᎫ፧ᎺᏀᎺᎻᎬᎴ፳፧ Ꭸ፵፧᎚ᎻᎨᎻᎼᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎭᎰᎬᎳᎫ፧ᎶᎭ፧ᎺᎷᎬᎪᎰᎨᎳᎻᏀᎁ ᎏᎶᎴᎬᎷᎨᎮᎬ፧ᯪ ᎾᎹᎰᎻᎰᎵᎮ፧ᎺᏀᎺᎻᎬᎴ፳፧ᎳᎬᎿᎰᎪᎶᎳᎶᎮᏀ፳፧ᎮᎹᎨᎴᎴᎨᎹ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎻᎯᎬ፧ᎯᎰᎺᎻᎶᎹᏀ፧ᎶᎭ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ ᎈᎷᎷᎳᎰᎪᎨᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎴᎼᎺᎻ፧ᎩᎬ፧ᎹᎬᎮᎼᎳᎨᎹ፧ᎺᎻᎼᎫᎬᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎰᎵ፧ᎨᎵ፧ᎼᎵᎫᎬᎹᎮᎹᎨᎫᎼᎨᎻᎬ፧ ᎯᎻᎻᎷᎁ፶፶ᎾᎾᎾ፵ᎯᎶᎲᎼᎫᎨᎰ፵ᎨᎪ፵ᎱᎷ፶ ᎾᎰᎳᎳ፧ᎩᎬ፧ᎶᎭᎭᎬᎹᎬᎫ፵፧ᎊᎶᎼᎹᎺᎬᎺ፧ᎶᎵ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎪᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎬ፧ᎹᎨᎵᎮᎬ፧ᎶᎽᎬᎹ፧ᎯᎰᎺᎻᎶᎹᏀ፧ ᎷᎹᎶᎮᎹᎨᎴ፧ᎨᎻ፧ᎨᎵ፧ᎶᎽᎬᎹᎺᎬᎨᎺ፧ᎼᎵᎰᎽᎬᎹᎺᎰᎻᏀ፵፧ᎈᎷᎷᎳᎰᎪᎨᎵᎻᎺ፧ᎴᎼᎺᎻ፧ᎩᎬ፧ ᎊᎶᎶᎹᎫᎰᎵᎨᎻᎶᎹ፧ᯪ ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎮᎬᎶᎮᎹᎨᎷᎯᏀ፳፧ᎷᎶᎳᎰᎻᎰᎪᎺ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎬᎪᎶᎵᎶᎴᏀ፳፧ᎳᎰᎻᎬᎹᎨᎻᎼᎹᎬ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎨᎹᎻᎺ፳፧ ᎺᎻᎼᎫᏀᎰᎵᎮ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎳᎨᎵᎮᎼᎨᎮᎬ፧ᎶᎹ፧᎑ᎨᎷᎨᎵᎬᎺᎬ፧ᎪᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎬ፧ᎨᎺ፧ᎻᎯᎬᎰᎹ፧ ᎒᎖ᎉᎈᎠᎈ᎚ᎏ᎐፧ᎠᎶᎺᎯᎰᎲᎶ ᎺᎶᎪᎰᎬᎻᏀ፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎪᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎬ፳፧ᎨᎵᎫ፧ᎪᎶᎴᎷᎨᎹᎨᎻᎰᎽᎬ፧ᎪᎼᎳᎻᎼᎹᎬ፵፧