o (199 ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A o 1-2 rdn f th Intrntnl Cnfrn "Qnt Opt IIl" Szzr lnd 1993 ESOACE IOIAIO SECOSCOY A IS AICAIO - KUGE Isiu u ysik Uiesiä Mai 5599 Mai Gemay esoace ioiaio secoscoy a is comiaio wi mass sec- omey oe ey ig sesiiiy a seeciiy e aicaio o seea aias o esoace ioiaio mass secoscoy o e suy o ucea gou sae oeies a ace aaysis o aioacie isooes i e e- iome is iscusse as we as e iese ocess ie e ase iuce ecomiaio o ae eay ios soe a eaiisic eegies i soage igs ACS umes 31 1 Intrdtn esoace ioiaio secoscoy (IS was oose as eay as 197 y use o esoa ase ig a iee wae egs e aom is sewise ecie a iay ioie Suc a sceme as a ume o aaages 1 A io a/o eeco is eece is ca e oe wi muc ige eiciecy a i e case o eecig oos ece IS is a ey sesiie ecique aowig o e eecio a iesigaio o ey ae o eoic aoms 2. e esoace coiio i eac eciaio se oies ig eemea a isooic seeciiy e oem o ieeece y coamiaios ca e aoie wic is o mao coce i coeioa oica ace aay- sis uemoe isoaic ieeece as osee i mass secomey is sogy euce 3 e seeciiy o IS ca si e eace by a mass-seecie eecio o e io ceae i esoace e comiaio o ΙS wi mass secomey is cae IMS (esoace ioiaio mass secoscoy 4. e ackgou a e ke ow ue o e use o eecos o cage aices (159 1 H.-J. Klug e In e as yeas e IS ecique as ee moe a moe eie oiig aso om e eeome o ee moe oweu ases I as ee aie o a age ume o eoic aices isooes eemes a moecues i may aeas o sciece e aciee eomace is ocumee i ooks [1 ] a e oceeigs o e coeece seies "esoace Ioiaio Secoscoy a is Aicaios" [3] ou iee IS ecique eeimes wi e esee i e oowig ae a so iscussio o e icie o esoace ioiaio ese eames coce oems i ucea ysics aomic ysics cosmoogy a cemisy Ι e as secio e iese esoace ioiaio ocess ie e ase-iuce ecomiaio wi e iey iscusse wic as us ecey ee osee a soage igs rnpl f rnn nztn ptrp r 1 h th sceme o esoace ioiaio ee-coou wo o ee-se esoa eciaio is ake as a eame e ee scemes ie i e as se e ioiaio se is eeses usuay e oe-eck o e eciaio a ue o e ow coss secio o o-esoa oo-ioiaio (e wic is o e oe o σ = 1- 17 ¸y 10 -19 cm 2 wo o ou oes i coss secio ca e gaie y eciig o a yeg ee (mie wic is ioie y a eecic ie coisios wi gas moecues o a ou (iae ase eam o o a auo-ioiig sae (ig Sice e eeco as o e omoe o e e ecie aomic ee eoe ecay y esoace uoescece akes ace (τ 1 - s use uae ases ae o e aie u i seece cases wee oica umig ca e aoie a sma ase awi is equie aso cw-uae ases mig e aie e eemea seeciiy o esoace ioiaio secoscoy o aoms is eemey ig ecause o e ow ee esiy i aoms wic ca e eace y aowe eecic ioe asiios yicay e cace o i a esoace o aoe aom is o e oe o 1 -5 o 1 - I moe a oe esoa sewise esoace Ioiaio Secoscoy a is Aicaio 11 eciaio is iuce as i ig 1 e seeciiies i e iee esoace a- siios ca e muiie o oai e oa seeciiy i e IS ocess I e case o IMS wee a mass secomee is ae wi a eaceme aco agig om 1 3 o 1 e oa eemea seeciíy is comaae o suasses e seeciiy o aem mass secomey e mos seecie ecique kow oay ece isoaic coamiaios as usuay osee i mass secomey ae eemey suiciey suesse y IMS I e case o isooic seeciiy e siuaio is usuay iee ee e yeie sucue (S a isooe si (IS ae geeay oo sma i oe o aciee eicie iscimiaio agais isooes o e same eeme is is eseciay ue i use ase sysems wi oae ase awis ae aie I suc cases a use ase sysem oes e cea u eicie ossiiiy o a a ime-o-ig (O mass secomee O sysems eae a auace se- siiiy o aou 1 3 o 14 Agai a icease y a eas wo oes o magiue ca e aciee y use o mageic mass secomees I si ige isooic seeciiy is equie oe may iuce a aiicia isooic mass si as i e soium eeime escie eow I e seaaio Δ ewee e eso aces o e isooe ue iesigaio a e ieeig oe is muc age a e iewi Γ = 1/(πτ e e seeciiy is gie y e eciaio a o IS as o e cose caeu i esec o aaiae ase sysems e ossiiiy o sauae e oica asiio (sesiiiy a ossie ieeeces (ackgou e ask geeay ioes e eemiaio o coss secios ieimes yeie sucue siigs isooe sis a e seac o auo-ioiig saes 3 nn nztn ptrp Exprnt nd rlt ou eeimes wi e escie i e oowig Sice eeimea e- ais a mos o e esus ae uise e cae ies o gie a o eiew e eae is eee o e oigia uicaios 31 ase secoscoy o euo-eicie go a aium isooes I 197 e s sysemaic iesigaio o a ug isooic seies y aomic secoscoy e o a comeey ueece esu ewee 17 g a 15 g a sue eak i e e o e isooe sis a ece i e mea squae cage aii was osee y o e a [] is eak coesos o e ai- io o 11 euos I was eaie as ue o a sa ucea sae asiio e ucei wi Α 17 ae sigy oae weeas e o ucei wi A d 17 ae sogy oae eome wi a eomaio aamee o β t 5 is iscoey oee e key o ieeig e sucue o e ucei i is egio as cause y ucea sae coeisece is eec is aso maiese i e ose- aio of the coeDXiStence Of two different ShapeS at almoSt degeneratcd energies in 15 Hg and in the largest odd-even staggering of nuclear charge radii ever observed (Fig. 2). 1 H.-J. Kluge is oseaio simuae e iesigaio o isooes i e ey same mass egio (Α 15 mi-se euo ume o e eigouig eemes go [5] a aium [] o ae eacoy eemes wic ae o o oy ey ecey (Au aaiae a e ISOE aciiy/CE as o-ie io eams A ew ecique was eeoe wic is IMS i comiaio wi use ase iuce esoio (IMS/I [7] igue 3 sows e eeimea se-u isae [7] A mass-seaae g io eam is imae io a gaie age Ae ecay o e Au o auge e age wee is ue y 1 a e aioaciiy is eease as use ema eam y ase esoio e aomic eam is e sewise esoay ecie a iay ioie by e ig o ee use uae ye ases sycoie wi e use o e esoio ase ece goo emoa oea is oaie ewee e use aomic eam a e use ase eams o IS e oo ios ceae i esoace ae eece mass-seeciey y a O secomee is comees e meo o esoace ioiaio mass secomey igue sows e cage aii o e Au a isooes measue y IMS ogee wi e coesoig aa o mecuy ese esus sow e usua sikig o e uceus as a ucio o eceasig euo ume I e case o Au oy oe asic cage i eomaio is osee ue o e saiiig owe o e uaie oo I e isooic cai o o iicaio o a sa eak is oaie eeeess a aaysis o e IS o sows a a simia eomaio (β = is osee o 13 as in e isoaic a isooic Au a ucei Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy and its Application 13 3.2. Resonance ionization spectroscopy on a fast aomic beam in collinear geometry; trace detection of 99S A caege o ace aaysis is e as a sesiie eecio o e a- ioacie isooe 9 S a 9 S sea ou i ucea weao ess o i case o eaco accies Eseciay e og-ie isooe 9 S (Τ1 = 5 a is age- ous as i is accumuae i e uma oes as cemica equiae o cacium e aiocemica eecio o 9 S is sow (i e oe o wo weeks ecause i is eece ia e β-ecay o e auge uceus 9 Y I oe o ge im- meiae iomaio o e ouio y 9 S i a accie suc as Ceoy a o-aiaie eecio meo is equie Sice e ouio is isy as- oe y ai ai sames sou e iesigae A yica same as eace om 1 m 3 ai immeiaey ae e Ceoy accie i Gemay coaie oy aou 1 8 aoms o 99 S u u o 1ί 8 aoms o sae soium ee- oe a eemey ig isooic seeciiy o S 1 1 is equie A e same ime e eecio eiciecy mus e ig o easoae saisics a e oa measuig ime icuig e same eaaio sou o ecee oe ay ese emas ca e me y IS o a as aomic eam i coiea geom- ey y use o cw ase ig o eciaio [] igue sows e se-u e S 1 - Kl same is cemicay eace ou o a ai same a u io a suace ioia- io souce e ios ae acceeae o aou 3 k mass seaae a cage ecage i a cesium aou ce I e cage ecage ocess e owes 3Ρ a 3 saes o e soium aoms ae ouae Saig om e 3 sae e as aoms ae ecie o 5nf 3-yeg saes y use o e λ = 3 m ie o a ago io ase uaiiy is aciee by cagig e acceeaio oage o e io eam e Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy and its Application 15 ase ecie yeg aoms ae ie ioie eece om e eua eam eegy aaye i a eecosaic eeco a iay coue y a caeo eeco e ackgou i is eeime is maiy ue o yeg aoms o - uce i e cage ecage ocess a y coisios wi e esiua gas.