����� �� �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ��� � STATE OF MICHIGAN � � � � ������� DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Kalamazoo River Assessment 2005 DRAFT Jay K. Wesley www.michigan.gov/dnr/ FISHERIES DIVISION DRAFT REPORT MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES FISHERIES DIVISION Draft January 2005 Kalamazoo River Assessment Jay K. Wesley The Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR), provides equal opportunities for employment and access to Michigan’s natural resources. Both State and Federal laws prohibit discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, disability, age, sex, height, weight or marital status under the Civil Rights Acts of 1964, as amended, (1976 MI P.A. 453 and 1976 MI P.A. 220, Title V of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, and the Americans with Disabilities Act). If you believe that you have been discriminated against in any program, activity or facility, or if you desire additional information, please write the MDNR Office of Legal Services, P.O. Box 30028, Lansing, MI 48909; or the Michigan Department of Civil Rights, State of Michigan, Plaza Building, 1200 6th Ave., Detroit, MI 48226 or the Office of Human Resources, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office for Diversity and Civil Rights Programs, 4040 North Fairfax Drive, Arlington, VA. 22203. For information or assistance on this publication, contact the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Division, Box 30446, Lansing, MI 48909, or call 517-373-1280. This publication is available in alternative formats. ����� �� �� � � � � � � � � � � � � Printed under authority of Michigan Department of Natural Resources � � � ��� � � � � Total number of copies printed 200 — Total cost $3,156.27 — Cost per copy $15.78 � ������� DRAFT Kalamazoo River Assessment February 2005 Suggested Citation Format Wesley, Jay K. 2005. Draft Kalamazoo River Assessment. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Division, Draft Report, Ann Arbor. ii DRAFT Kalamazoo River Assessment February 2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................... III LIST OF TABLES.....................................................................................................VI LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................VIII LIST OF APPENDICES.............................................................................................X ACKNOWLEDGMENTS...........................................................................................XI EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................XIII INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 1 RIVER ASSESSMENT .............................................................................................. 3 Geography ........................................................................................................................... 3 Headwaters ................................................................................................................... 3 Upper ............................................................................................................................ 3 Middle............................................................................................................................ 4 Lower ............................................................................................................................ 4 Mouth ............................................................................................................................ 4 History.................................................................................................................................. 4 Geology and Hydrology ....................................................................................................... 7 Geology and Physiography .............................................................................................. 7 Climate ............................................................................................................................. 8 Annual Water Flow ........................................................................................................... 9 Seasonal Water Flow ..................................................................................................... 10 Headwaters and Upper ............................................................................................... 11 Middle..........................................................................................................................11 Lower and Mouth ........................................................................................................ 11 Daily Water Flow ............................................................................................................ 12 Flooding and Floodplains ............................................................................................... 13 Water Use.......................................................................................................................15 Soils and Land Use Patterns ............................................................................................. 16 Soils................................................................................................................................ 16 Headwaters ................................................................................................................. 16 Upper ..........................................................................................................................16 Middle..........................................................................................................................17 Lower ..........................................................................................................................17 Mouth ..........................................................................................................................17 Land Use ........................................................................................................................17 Bridges and Other Stream Crossings............................................................................. 18 Channel Morphology.......................................................................................................... 19 Gradient.......................................................................................................................... 19 Headwaters ................................................................................................................. 20 Upper ..........................................................................................................................20 Middle..........................................................................................................................21 Lower ..........................................................................................................................21 Mouth ..........................................................................................................................21 iii DRAFT Kalamazoo River Assessment February 2005 Channel Cross Section................................................................................................... 21 Headwaters................................................................................................................. 22 Upper .......................................................................................................................... 22 Middle..........................................................................................................................22 Lower .......................................................................................................................... 23 Mouth .......................................................................................................................... 23 Dams and Barriers............................................................................................................. 24 Headwaters................................................................................................................. 25 Upper .......................................................................................................................... 26 Middle..........................................................................................................................26 Lower .......................................................................................................................... 27 Mouth .......................................................................................................................... 28 Water Quality..................................................................................................................... 28 Overview ........................................................................................................................28 PCB Contamination........................................................................................................ 28 Point Source Pollution .................................................................................................... 30 Nonpoint Source Pollution.............................................................................................