Q ANTI uITATIS S E R jOURNAL OF ANCIENT HISTORY CCentroentro ddee HHistóriaistória dede AAlém-Marlém-Mar VOLUME 2 2011 Universidade Nova de Lisboa Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia FFaculdadeaculdade ddee CCiênciasiências SSociaisociais e HHumanasumanas MINISTÉRIO DA CIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA E ENSINO SUPERIOR UUniversidadeniversidade ddosos AAçoresçores 2 ISSN 1647-5852 2011 Journal of Ancient history Volume 2 Res Antiquitatis. Journal of Ancient History Volume 2 / 2011 Price: € 12 Published by Centro de História de Além-Mar Universidade Nova de Lisboa / Universidade dos Açores [email protected] +351 21 790 8300 (ext. 1551) Sponsored by ISSN 1647-5852 Legal ref. code 308682/10 Copies: 250 Printed in Portugal by Papiro-Relevo, Lda. R. Bartolomeu Dias, n.º 5 R/C 2855-416 VALE DE MILHAÇOS Cover design: Marcel L. Paiva do Monte Editor Advisory Board Francisco Caramelo – Universidade Nova Jean-Claude Margueron – École Pratique de Lisboa des Hautes Études José Augusto Ramos – Universidade de Lisboa Assistant Editor Luís Filipe Thomaz – Universidade Católica Marcel L. Paiva Monte – Universidade Nova Portuguesa de Lisboa Maria Helena Trindade Lopes – Universidade Nova de Lisboa Editorial Board José Ribeiro Ferreira – Universidade de Coimbra António Ramos dos Santos – Universidade Francolino Gonçalves – École Biblique de Lisboa et Archéologique Française de Jérusalem José das Candeias Sales – Universidade Aberta Jack Sasson – Vanderbilt University Zoltán Biedermann – University of London Michel Hulin – Université Paris Sorbonne Juan Luis Montero Fenollós – Universidade – Paris IV da Coruña Stanislava Vavroušková – Orientální ústav Leonor Santa Bárbara – Universidade Nova v Praze de Lisboa Sylvie Blétry – Université Paul Valéry Rui Loureiro – Instituto Superior Manuel Teixeira Montpellier III Gomes Michel al-Maqdissi – Direction Générale Brigitte Lion – Université François Rabelais des Antiquités et Musées (Damas, Syrie) – Tours Dejannirah Couto – École Pratique des Hautes Nuno Simões Rodrigues – Universidade de Lisboa Études José Virgilio Garcia Trabazo – Universidade Mario Liverani – Sapienza – Università di Roma de Santiago de Compostela Antonio Ruiz Castellanos – Universidad de Cádiz Dolors Folch – Universitat Pompeu Fabra José Remesal Rodríguez – Universitat de Barcelona Simo Parpola – Helsingin Yliopisto John Baines – University of Oxford Ana Isabel Buescu – Universidade Nova de Lisboa Sebastião Tavares de Pinho – Universidade de Coimbra http://resantiq.wordpress.com [email protected] Table of Contents Editorial .......................................................................................... 9 Studies Stanislava VAVROUŠKOVÁ: Perception of India in the Heart of Europe. Transition Through Centuries ......................................... 13 Juan Luis MONTERO FENOLLÓS: The Tower of Babel Before Archaeology. The Ziggurat of Babylon according to European travellers (XII-XVII centuries) ...................................................... 31 Rui Manuel LOUREIRO: The Indian Journeys of a Spanish Ambassador: Don García de Silva y Figueroa and his Comentarios (1614-1624) ..................................................................................... 51 Susana MOTA: The Household Religion in Ancient Egypt: Problems and Constraints ............................................................. 71 Telo Ferreira CANHÃO: Eroticism and Sensuality in Papyrus Westcar .......................................................................................... 83 Ronaldo G. Gurgel PEREIRA: Greek Nomos and Egyptian Religion: Cultural Identity in Hellenistic Egypt ............................ 103 José das Candeias SALES: La monnaie des Ptolémées – Les séries de Ptolémée I .................................................................................. 133 Elias PINHEIRO: The Sintashta Cultural Particulars and the Origin of the War Chariot .............................................................. 149 Interview Jean-Claude Margueron (conducted by Francisco Caramelo and Juan Luis Montero Fenollós) ........................................................ 171 Short Notes M. al-MAQDISSI, P. BUTTERLIN, F. CARAMELO, I. MÁRQUEZ ROWE, Jean-Claude MARGUERON, Juan Luis MONTERO FENOLLÓS, B. MULLER: Défi nition du Moyen Euphrate .......... 203 Juan Luis MONTERO FENOLLÓS: Le site urukéen de Tell Humeida au Moyen Euphrate syrien. Premières recherches archéologiques ............................................................................... 205 Juan-Luis MONTERO FENOLLÓS; Francisco CARAMELO; Ignacio MÁRQUEZ ROWE: Le site de Tell Qabr Abu al-‘Atiq, le royaume de Mari, l’Assyrie et le verrou de Khanuqa. Projet Archéologique Moyen Euphrate Syrien (2008-2010) .................. 217 Sylvie BLÉTRY: La campagne 2010 de la mission archéologique franco-syrienne à Halabiya-Zénobia ............................................. 229 Emma LOOSLEY: The Citadel of Zalabiyeh on the Euphrates: Placing the Site in its Historical Context and a Summary of the First Archaeological Field Season (2010) ...................................... 259 Yaarob ABDULLAH: The Works of the Syrian Mission in the Byzantine City (Tell Al Kasra) in Five Seasons (2006–2010)....... 269 Reviews André de Campos SILVA: review of Toby WILKINSON, The Rise and Fall of Ancient Egypt: The History of a Civilisation from 3000 BC to Cleopatra, 2010 (book review) ................................. 289 Miguel VALÉRIO: review of Aline TENU, L’expansion médio- assyrienne. Approche archéologique, 2009 (book review).......... 295 Katia M. P. POZZER: review of Brigitte LION; Cécile MICHEL (eds.): Histoires de déchiffrements. Les écritures du Proche- Orient à l’Egée, 2009 (book review) ............................................. 303 Marcel L. P. MONTE: review of The State Archives of Assyria Online (website review) ................................................................. 305 Paula VEIGA: review of The Institute for the Preservation of Medical Traditions, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. (website review) ............................................................................. 311 Isabel ALMEIDA; Luís DUQUE; Maria de Fátima ROSA: review of Torre de Babel – Historia y Mito. Museo Arqueológico de Murcia (Spain), 9th December 2010 – 20th March 2011 (exhibition) ..... 321 Abstracts Editorial announcement Res Antiquitatis. Journal of Ancient History continues to incentive and to publish research works on Antiquity and its reception. The publication of quality articles, the internationalization of Portuguese research and the creation of opportunities to divulge the work of senior and young researchers are still its priorities. Volume nº 1 had a very signifi cant diffusion and received excellent reactions and compliments from Portuguese and foreign researchers. This stimulates us to proceed with this project and our effort of placing this journal among internationally recognized reference periodicals. In the present volume, nº 2, in the Studies’ section, there are two research areas that deserve to be mentioned: the fi rst one is Egypt, which received special attention and is object of various studies comprised in a very wide chronological range. The second is dedicated to the reception of Antiquity, that was object of some of the communications presented at an international conference organized by CHAM at Fundação Oriente (Lisbon, 9th-10th of March 2009) entitled «Percepções do Oriente e da antiguidade na Europa da Época Moderna» («Perceptions of the Orient and Antiquity in Modern Age Europe»). The Short Notes’ section is integrally dedicated to archaeological studies centered mainly in the area of the Halabiya-Zalabiya gorge. Many of its authors whether coordinate or participate on archaeological missions in this region and adjacent areas. Res Antiquitatis intends to become a forum where syntheses about the works taking place in these archaeological sites can be published annually, respecting some geographical coherence though not excluding other incoming contributions. In this issue we would like to highlight the presence of a short note about the Middle Euphrates signed by the participants of the IVe rencontre syro-franco-ibérique d’archéologie et d’histoire ancienne du Proche-Orient which took place at Madrid in 2009. This note’s intention is to propose a proper defi nition of the concept of Middle Euphrates, which has been subject of certain ambiguities in historiography. – 9 – One of the most relevant texts in this volume of Res Antiquitatis is the interview made to Jean-Claude Margueron, the great archaeologist who excavated in Syria for decades: he directed for 25 years the archaeological mission of Mari, the ancient city on the Euphrates. This interview was made at Murcia (Spain) in March 2011, seizing the opportunity opened by his participation in the cycle of conferences concerning the exhibition Torre de Babel. Historia y Mito, which took place in the Museo Arqueológico de Murcia. This is a great interview that results in an impressive testimony of his intellectual life and of his intense archeological activity. Finally, we would like to mention the existence of Res Antiquitatis’ website (http://resantiq.wordpress.com), which intends to keep updated news, especially about the journal itself. The abstracts of the studies presented in this issue will soon be available online, as well as the citation rules of the call for papers for the next issue (nº 3). The very positive impact of this journal’s fi rst volume, that we hope to achieve continually, makes us believe