Manganese Deposits of Western Utah GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 979-A Manganese Deposits of Western Utah By MAX D. CRITTENDEN, JR. , MANGANESE DEPOSITS OF UTAH, PART 1 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 979-A A report on known deposits west of the lllth meridian * UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 19S1 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Oscar L. Chapman, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. E. Wrather, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price 50 cents (paper cover) CONTENTS Fag* Abstract.__________________________________________________________ 1 Introduction._._____.__________----_______-______-_--_------.__-__ 1 History of mining and production__.._______.______.___.__-___-_____ 2 Occurrence and age of the deposits_________-_____-_.-__-__-_-__--_- 6 Mineralogy _--____._____---_--_---_------------------------------- 7 Descriptions of the manganese minerals....____.__--_____-__-..__ 8 Oxides...___-__.--_--------___-_-_.-- . _ 8 Carbonates.___-____.__-____________-_-___-----_--------__ 9 Silicate.,_ _____-----_____--__-_______-_---___-__--___._--. 9 Relative stability and manganese content______--_----------_----_ 10 Oxidation and enrichment._____________________________________ 10 Classification and origin of the deposits....______.__._____---.___.-_-_ 11 General discussion_____________________________________________ 11 Syngenetic deposits_-_--____-----_--------------_-------__-_-.- 13 Bedded depositS-__________-_____._____..__________________ 13 Spring deposits....----_-------_------------_------_------_ 14 Epigenetic deposits________________.._______.____.____.____.---_ 15 Oxidized hydrothermal deposits-_-_-_-________-_.______.____ 15 Deposits of oxides of undetermined origin... .____-________--__ 16 Reserves and future outlook._______________________________________ 16 Descriptions of individual deposits...________________________________ 18 Beaver County______________________________________________ 19 Susie Q claims..________--_-___-___-_____--_--_--_-------_ 19 Black Rock (Shotwell) deposit.._._......_.._....._._._._._.. 20 Black Jack (Skougard) claims....___________________________ 20 Steelville prospect,._______________________________________ 21 Spor property.____________________________________________ 21 Big Maple area__________________________________________ 21 Cache County_______________________________________________ 21 Blacksmith Fork area._____________________________________ 21 Garfield County..______________________________________ 22 Fullmer prospect___________-______________________________ 22 Hawkins claims_--_--__---_-____-__--___---_--_-_---_-___- 22 Unnamed prospect_________________________________________ 22 Iron County__________________________________________________ 23 Black Jack (Gregory) claims__-_____________________________ 23 Clove prospect__-_______-______--__--__-_____-__--___-_--_ 23 Blackhawk and Joe Louis claims. __:.___--____-____-_________ 24 Lucky Joe claim__-___._____________-_.____-__-_---___-_- 24 Taylor prospect.----_-__--_______________.__-___--__-____- 24 Modena locality.:_________________________________________ 24 Unnamed prospect________ ______.________._.___.._._.____ 24 in IV CONTENTS Descriptions of individual deposits Continued Page Juab County._______________,.___-__-_____-____--___-_-___-____ 24 Abraham Hot Spring deposit______________________________ 24 Blackjack (Neilson) claims_______._--_____-----_--__---__ 25 Black Jack (Kendall-Duvall) claims________--____---________ 26 Orme property___-_-____-_________________--_____-________ 26 Black Ledge claims-___-_____-_-_____--___-_--___-__-__-l__ 27 Topaz Mountain locality__-___________-___-____---_________ 27 ' Juab and Millard Counties___-__-__-___--_-_____--____-_____-__ 27 Detroit district____-_____-___________--___-----_-_-________ 27 Staats and Pratt mines (Black Boy group)_-____--_-_____. 28 Guy group (Black Jack mine)_____-_-___-,-_-___-____-._ 30 Last Chance property..__-_____-____-_______---___-___. 30 Black Diamond mine. _________________-_^-_-_--_---.__ 31 Martha prospect___-____--_____--____------_-__-_____ 31 Black Hawk claim__________ _______________________ gj Verdun claim..._ ..........\.._.___._. ____________ 31 Manganese King and Manganese King No. 1 claims.______ 31 Piute County_________________________________________________ 31 Blue Miami Moon No. 1 claim_.____________________.___ ____ 31 Blackbird claims____-__--____--______________-___..--_--___ 32 Dry Canyon claims._______________________________________ 32 Gilbert claims..__-_-___-__-___-____--_____--____--________ 33 Rich County________________________________________________ 33 Lakeview claims_________________________________________ 33 Salt Lake County______.______._______________________________ 34 Manganese Lode property_________________--__------------- 34 Evans lime quarry...______________----_------------------- 34 Michigan-Utah property.--.------------.------------------- 35 Sanpete County___________---------.--------------------------- 35 Unnamed prospect ----------_.__________________________ 35 Sevier County...___-______________--_------------------------- 36 Yellow Hornet property._-__----____---------_____________. 36 Noonday prospect.______-_______________.__-______-_---__- 36 Jumbo prospect-.-.---.----------------------------------- 36 Georgia mine.._________________ ____________________------ 36 Summit County..._-.----------------------------------------- 36 Unnamed prospect----------.___________________.__________ 36 Park City district..----........--------------------------- 37 Ontario rnine_ --_---_____.___-_-___-_--__-_-_._______ 37 Silver King property---------------------------------- ^ Tooele County------------------------------------------------ 37 Ophir district- -------._..___________._____-_-.___________- 37 Ophir Hill mine-..---.-.------------------------------ 37 Columbia district________._------------------------------ ^? Benmore mme_____------------------------------------ Shar mine.---------_-__.._.___.__________________--- 38 CONTENTS V Descriptions of individual deposits Continued P»g« Tooele and Juab Counties___----_-_-_-------------------------- 39 Erickson district.__________________________-_-_---_-_---_ 39 Black Rock claims_______-_-_______-___----__-------- 40 Bla,ck Jack (Morgan-Cromar) claims_____________________ 41 Deer Trail claims____-_-__-_--_____-_-___-_-___-_-____- 43 Indian Boy claim___.__________________________________ 43 Utonia claim__________________________________-_-__--_ 44 May Farmer claims__-_-_-_________--________---_--__ 44 Queen Mary claims.__-__--__.___..__________-_-_-_---- 44 Utah County______.._.______.._.___________.-_-.---_ 44 Wildcat mine------_-----------------_---------_---------- 44 Trotter mine__-___..______--__-_--_--_---_-_-_-- _ 46 Spalding claims__-____--_--____-_________-_-_-_-_-_------ 47 Queen of the West claim__________________________________ 48 Silver Hill property_--__--_-_---_-_--_____----_---_-_---_-- 48 Utah and Juab Counties_____________________________________ 48 Tintic district__________________-_______-._.__ 48 . Tip Top tunnel __--------__-__-_-___-_-_-----_ ---_ 49 Oxen mine__________-_---___________-__--_-_-___------ 50 Tintic Standard mine_________________________--_-_--__ 51 Fields claims______-------__--_______-_-___-_-_-_---- 52 Black Jack (Empire) mine___________________________ 52 White Cloud claim.____________________._._ 53 Black Jack (Winberg) property_____________-___- _-- 54 Iron Blossom mine___________________________________ 54 Iron King mine______________________________________ 54 Apex Standard claims--____-____________-____-_-_-_--_- 55 North Tintic claims__________________________________ 55 Wasatch County.__________--___-___-______-______-_-_-.___--_ 55 Grey Hawk property___-_______--_____________.-_-_------ 55 East Star No. 1 property----__--_-_-_-___-_-------_-------- 55 Washington County_______-____-________-.__-_____-_------_- 56 Black Beauty No. 1 claim._________________________________ 56 Wallace claims.___________________________________________ 57 Weber County________________.______________________.__ 57 Payday claims.________________________ _____-___-_--_--_-_ 57 Selected bibliography.__________l______________.____________--_--__ 59 Index ____________________________________________________________ 61 ILLUSTRATIONS Page PLATE 1. Map showing distribution of manganese deposits in western Utah. _________________________________________ In pocket FIGURE 1. Chart showing production of manganese ore in Utah, 1900- 1945________________________________ 6 2. Chart showing discoveries and price of manganese ore in western Utah, 1914-42____________ ________ .. 18 VI CONTENTS TABLES Page TABLE 1. Manganese-ore production in western Utah by grade, 1915-45. 3 2. Manganese-ore production in western Utah by year, 1915-45 __ ' 3 3. Shipments of manganese ore and manganiferous ore from western Utah, 1915-45__-_-_-___--_-__----__________ 4. Estimated reserves of manganese ore in western Utah_____.___ 5. Range in composition of samples of water from Abraham Hot Spring, Juab County, Utah_______________________________ 25 6. Assay of metallurgical sample from Black Jack (Kendall- Duvall) claims, Juab County..._____________---___--____ 26 7. Manganese-ore production, Staats and Pratt mines, Detroit district, Juab and Millard Counties.________--_-____.____ 29 8. Manganese-ore production, Guy group (Black Jack mine), Detroit district._______________________________________