NIHU Program Islamic Area Studies İlhan ŞAHİN Nomads and Nomadism New Approaches in Kyrgyz and Ottoman Nomadic Studies ࣟࢦ TIAS: Department of Islamic Area Studies Center for Evolving Humanities Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology The University of Tokyo TOKYO 2013 Published by NIHU Program Islamic Area Studies TIAS: Department of Islamic Area Studies, Center for Evolving Humanities, Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan Copyright © 2013 Department of Islamic Area Studies, Center for Evolving Humanities, Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology, The University of Tokyo The photographs in this book have been taken by the author, except where indicated. All of the photographs may be used after obtaining permission. İlhan ŞAHİN Nomads and Nomadism New Approaches in Kyrgyz and Ottoman Nomadic Studies ISBN 978-4-904039-76-2 Printed by TOKYO PRESS Co., LTD. Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan Contents Introduction 7 Oral Studies 1 New Trends and Directions in Central Asian Studies: According 13 to the Project ‘Living History’ of the Central Asian People 2 Regarding Certain Characteristics of the Kyrgyz Family and Social 21 Structure 3 Clan and Kinship Networks in the Kyrgyz Society According to the 33 Oral Sources 4 Formation Process of Eurasian Nomadic Groups, Based on Oral 49 History: The Kyrgyz Nomads’ Example 5 BaƱbiche and Tokol in the Kyrgyz Community 59 Comparative Studies 6 Nomads and Globalization: The Example of Central Asian Nomads 77 7 Some Findings and Views Regarding the Formation of Nomadic 85 Groups in Central Eurasia 8 Regarding Socio-Cultural Structures in Ottoman -Kyrgyz-Kyrgyz NomadicNomadic 93 Life 9 Some New Findings and Views About ‘Divan’ 105 10 ‘Turluk’: The Story of a Nomadic Tent, From Central Asia to 113 Anatolia 11 Terms for Trade and Craft Sectors: The Example of Kyrgyz and 125 Anatolian Turkish Case Studies 12 Transformation of Baatyr in the Formation of Nation-State 145 in Kyrgyzstan 13 The Concept of ‘Yörük’ and the Yörüks of Bursa Region 159 14 Urban-Rural Relations in the Transition Period: The Case of an 171 Animal Bazaar in Kyrgyzstan 15 Kinship Relations in Kyrgyzstan Following the Transition Period: 185 The Case of Küntuu Village 16 Suusamyr: The Place Where Eurasian Nomads Meet and Melt 197 6 Nomads and Nomadism 17 Social and Economic Changes in the Transition: The Case of 217 Suusamyr Valley in Kyrgyzstan 18 A Circumcision Feast in Kyrgyzstan 227 Bibliography 239 Index 253 ,QWURGXFWLRQ ,EHJDQP\DVVLJQPHQWDW.\UJ\]7XUNLVK0DQDV8QLYHUVLW\LQ%LVK NHNWKHFDSLWDORI.\UJ\]VWDQGXULQJWKHDFDGHPLF\HDUZKLOH ,ZDVDIDFXOW\PHPEHURIøVWDQEXO8QLYHUVLW\¶V)DFXOW\RI/HWWHUV+LVWRU\ 'HSDUWPHQW6LQFHP\DUHDRIH[SHUWLVHLVSULPDULO\QRPDGVDQGQRPDGLVP DVDQLPSRUWDQWHOHPHQWRI2WWRPDQVRFLHW\IURPWKHPRPHQW,DUULYHG, ZDVH[FLWHGDERXWEHLQJLQWKHDFWXDOZRUOGRIPLJUDWLRQLQ.\UJ\]VWDQDQG DERXW GRLQJ UHODWHG VFLHQWLILF UHVHDUFK 7KH IDFW 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