Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47918-9 — Chinese Culture and the Chinese Military Haizong Lei Index More Information Index Introductory Note References such as ‘178–9’ indicate (not necessarily continuous) discussion of a topic across a range of pages. Wherever possible in the case of topics with many references, either these have been divided into subtopics or only the most significant discussions of the topic are listed. Because the entire work is about ‘China’, the use of this term (and certain others which occur constantly throughout the book) as an entry point has been minimised. Information will be found under the corresponding detailed topics. Abu Bakr, 166–7 formal standing, 15, 35, 37–8 agricultural practices, 191, 192 local, 20, 39, 42, 101 agricultural production, 208 private, 47, 49, 101 agricultural seasons, 199, 203–4 professional, 156, 161, 248 agriculture, 5, 16, 126, 132, 223, 240, 243 Qin, 15, 19 and climate, 191–209 rebel, 19, 81 Ai, Emperor, 66, 82, 171 armoured troops, 14, 74 Ali, Caliph, 166–7 army, national, 19, 254 alliances, 71–2, 77 Artificer’s Record, 192, 194, 196 Almanacs, 191, 192 artisans, 3–5, 8 a-military culture, 86, 92–116, 155, 157, 214, arts of the bedroom, 59–62 237, 251–2 ashes, 68–9, 111 Analects, 7, 88, 117, 144, 187–8, 194–6 Ashoka, 144 ancestors, 53, 56, 79, 82, 89, 121, 125, 180 assassinations, 72, 162, 167, 175, 180, 219 ancestral temple worship, 53, 85–8, 191, 197, 251 Augustus, 163 abolition, 87–90 autocracies, 8, 79, 81, 100, 162, 163–4 ancient literature, 191, 194, 196 autocrats, 53, 82, 84, 93, 97, 130, 160–3, ancient music, 184, 187, 190 167, 251 ancient sources, 52, 178, 191, 192–9 autumn, 21, 191–2, 197–8, 204, 216–17, 221, Anding, 24, 27, 29, 32, 37, 45 234, 240 arable land, 202–3, 206, 208–9 Arabs, 115–16, 165–6 Babylon, x, 115–16, 118, 122–3, 141–3, 147, archery, 20, 24–5, 30, 34, 40, 179, 180 157, 244, 252–3 aristocracy, 3, 6–7, 9–10, 53, 102, 127–8, 129, Bai Qi, General, 11 163, 249–50 balance of power, 9, 73, 129 old, 8, 9, 72, 79 Bamboo Annals, 8, 126–7, 168, 169, aristocratic families, 24, 72 172–7, 178 aristocrats, 4, 5, 102, 161 Ban Biao, 44 armed forces, 4, 7, 15, 21, 27, 95, 103, 163–4 Ban Chao, 44 armies, 3–7, 16–17, 18–19, 21–4, 28–35, bandits, 16–17, 39, 46, 48, 63, 98–9, 101–2, 37–40, 42–4, 147–8, 151–2, 161–2, 105, 111–12 164–5 and scholar-officials, 102–6, 252 central, 35, 40–1, 42 banquets, 8–9, 46, 82, 100, 187 258 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47918-9 — Chinese Culture and the Chinese Military Haizong Lei Index More Information Index 259 court, 187, 189 Joseon, 29 Baopuzi,59–60 punitive, 11, 34, 179, 200 baptism, 155, 255 Xiongnu, 29 barbarians, 6, 44, 88, 111, 113, 114–15, Cao Cao, 49 118, 133 capital area, 5, 24–5, 29, 38, 40, 45, 88–9 barley, 110, 191–2, 197–8, 201, 203, 204 capitalists, ix, 161, 242 crop, 197, 204 capitals, 20, 24, 33, 49, 74, 75, 78, 126–8, 191 harvest, 191, 197 captive society, 242, 247 winter, 198 carriages, 22, 46, 48, 63, 67–8, 83, 94, 111 Battle of Changping, 11, 13 Catholic Church, 240 Battle of Feishui, 125, 133–4, 149, 152, 245, cattle, 22, 43, 47, 107, 111 253, 255 cavalry, 21, 28, 29, 37–9, 43, 47, 49 Battle of Gaixia, 23, 162 foreign, 25, 40, 42 Battle of Hanyuan, 6 Qiang, 42 battlefields, 7, 8, 12–13, 18, 20, 28, 39, 101 Yue, 26, 37, 40 bedroom, arts of the, 59–62 central armies, 35, 40–1, 42 behaviour, 66, 68, 72, 79, 83, 103, 106, 182 central government, 24, 25–6, 35, 39–40, 42, sordid, 155, 255 45, 101, 252 Beidi, 24, 30, 37, 41–2 and provinces, 97–9 Beijing, vii, 206 Central Plain, 44–5, 47, 49–50, 99, 113, 128, beliefs, x, 9, 87, 90, 132, 160, 248 150, 151, 177 Bian Zhang, 47 centrifugal forces, 86, 97–8, 101 Bingzhou, 40, 41–2, 45, 49, 103, 111 centripetal force, 86 birth control, 59, 157, 250 Chancellery, 96–7 Black Stone, 166 Chang river, 40, 42 blind trust, 155, 255 Chang’an, 40, 49, 85, 111 Bo Qin, 173–4 Changping, Battle of, 11, 13 Book of Changes,119 chanyu, 22, 32, 35, 37, 41, 43, 95 Book of Documents, 194, 234 northern, 43 Book of Jin, 204 southern, 41, 43 Book of Rites, 57, 187, 191, 203–4 Chao Cuo, 25–6 Book of Songs, 90, 185, 194, 195–6 chaos, 80, 81, 97–9, 129, 133, 137, 150–1 border areas, 23, 28, 33, 37, 41, 44–5, 47 chariot teams, 4–5 border garrisons, 16, 20, 23, 25–6 Chen Ping, 93 borders, 15–16, 20, 22, 25, 40–1, 43, 44, 46 Cheng, Emperor, 66, 86 northern, 42, 206 Cheng, King, 172–4, 200 Boxer Indemnity Scholarship, vii Cheng Hao, 139, 149 Bronze Age, 126, 242 Cheng Tang of Shang, 126 brothers, 66, 170–2, 175 Cheng Yi, 139, 149 Buddhism, ix, 114, 125, 133–7, 144, 149, chengxiang, 97, 99 253, 257 chengyu, 194, 195 Chinese-style, 137 Chengzu, 50, 138 Indian, 137, 245, 253 chief ministers, 200, 201 Tiantai, 136 child soldiers, 13 buffer towns, 98, 101, 136 children, 54–5, 56–9, 62–4, 65, 66, 68, 108, bureaucracy, 41, 79, 96, 97, 105–6 111, 188 Chinese states, 50, 55, 69–71, 74, 76, 80, Caesar, Julius, 80, 162 185, 188 calculation, 142–3, 169–71, 175, 178, 203 Chinese-style Buddhism, 137 calendars, 168–9, 192, 203, 230, 242 chronology, 117, 168–78, 234, 243, 246 lunar, 191–2, 197–9 Shang, 174–8 Caligula, 164 Zhou, 172, 177 caliphate, 165–7 Chu, 11, 15, 17, 18, 22–3, 55, 74, 76–7, 80–1, campaigns, 11, 29–35, 37–8, 42, 43, 47, 77 128–30, 180–1, 201 Dayuan, 29–35 and Han, 17–19, 23, 80, 130 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47918-9 — Chinese Culture and the Chinese Military Haizong Lei Index More Information 260 Index Chunqiu, 6, 128, 191, 196–7, 200, criminal gangs, 105 203–4 crops, 108, 110–11, 198, 203, 204, 206, 207–8 cities, 49, 54, 111–12, 141, 165–6, 189, Crown princes, 85, 94–5, 172 191, 201 cultural centres, 123–4, 125, 134, 150, 253 civil service, examination system, 67, 137, 141 cultural exchange, vii, x, 136 civil wars, 13, 15, 164–5, 167 cultural morphology, xi, 239, 241, 244 civilian officials, 99–102 cultural regions, 12, 55, 69, 73, 79, 141–2, 148, civilian skills, 9, 248 158, 234 clans, 52–70, 157–8, 249 cultural sphere, 6, 9, 114–15, 125 pre-Spring and Autumn period, 52–3 culture, x, 91–2, 108, 123–6, 134–8, 140–1, Qin–Han onwards, 62–8 142–4, 148, 156–7, 213–16, 244–6, classes, 6–7, 8, 72, 84, 88, 104, 126, 252–5 236, 247 cycles, ix, 117–46, 148, 245–7, 252, 256 aristocratic, 8, 184 Egypt, 115, 122, 147 official, 42, 66, 105, 131 first cycle of, 125, 134, 143, 152, 245, 253 ruling, 71, 74, 106, 250 military, viii, 35, 156 scholar-official, 102–3, 105–6 national, 116, 254 shi, 179, 180 new, 68, 134, 135, 154, 157, 233 warrior, 3, 5, 7 scholarly, 155, 255 Claudius, 164 second cycle of, 125, 134, 139, 143–4, climate, 57, 92, 107, 240, 243, 252 148–50, 151–4, 245–6, 253–4, 255 and agriculture, 191–209 third cycle of, 153–4, 158, 237, 245–6, change, 107, 113 254–5 commanderies, 26–8, 32–3, 35, 40, 42–3, 45–8, traditional, viii, 1–51, 140–1, 145, 245, 49, 85, 88–9 246–8, 253, 254–5 common overlords, 71, 126, 128 cycles of culture see underculture. commoners, 6, 21, 83, 84, 104, 107, 163, 179, 251 dadao, 195 status, 33, 131 Dai Commandery, 41, 43 competition, 84, 126, 135–6 dance, 184, 186 Concilium Plebis, 163 Dangdai Pinglun, 216–18, 238 Confucian classics, 76, 102, 137 Dao, Duke, 7, 179 Confucianism, 57, 66, 87, 89, 102, 130, 132–3, Daoguang, 50, 175 135, 136–7 Dayan Calendar, 168 Confucius, 7, 56–7, 128, 129, 180, 184–5, 187, Dayuan campaign, 29–35 188, 234 death row convicts, 33, 38 conscription, 13, 16–17, 21–2, 23, 147–8, 155, death tolls, 12, 110, 112 156–7, 183 defeats, 11, 17, 28–9, 35–6, 43–4, 78–9, 81, consort kin, 89, 93, 95–6 151, 154 consorts, imperial, 85 defence, 25–6, 27, 29, 30, 45, 46, 251–2, 254 constitutions, 84, 162–4 deification, 80–7, 90 contraception, 59, 61, 64 Deng Tong, 93–4 control, 27, 42, 44, 102–3, 127, 128, 137–8, dependent states, 26–8, 29–35, 37, 41, 49 161–2, 163 depravity, 184, 187, 188 foreign, 137, 144 deserts, 26, 31, 107, 114, 146, 165, 204, 205–6 Japanese, 140 Dezong, 172, 175 convicts, 29–35, 37–8, 40, 44, 248 Diao, King, 55, 201 death row, 33, 38 Dingxiang, 41, 43 counties, vii, 5, 24–6, 32–3, 63–4, 79, disease, 60–1, 110 131, 151 ditches, 191, 192–3, 194–6, 200, 202, 207–9 court, 45–6, 73, 75, 80, 83, 93–4, 95, gouxu, 202, 207–8 100–2, 180 network of, 193, 209 banquets, 187, 189 domestic politics, 103, 132 crack troops, 18, 39, 40 Domitian, 164 crime, 22, 27, 63, 83, 94 Dong Zhuo, 48–9, 133 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47918-9 — Chinese Culture and the Chinese Military Haizong Lei Index More Information Index 261 Dou Gu, 42–3 smaller, 54, 57, 132 Dou Xian, 43–4, 89 family life, 53, 157, 249 droughts, 110, 186, 196–7, 200, 203, 206, famine, 65, 92, 107, 110, 112, 252 207, 208 fangzhongshu, 61, 62–4, 69 Dunhuang, 26, 42 farmers, 5–6, 112, 191, 194, 196, 198, 202, Duzong, 171 208–9 dykes, 110, 191, 192–3, 195–7, 198, favourites, 82, 83, 93–4, 95–6 200–2, 207 Feishui, Battle of, 125, 133–4, 149, 152, 245, dynastic changes, 106–8, 252 253, 255 dynastic succession, 237, 255–6 fengshan sacrifices, 76, 82, 87, 251 alternatives to, 160–7 feudal aristocracies, 9, 128, 130 dynasties see individual dynasty names.