Notes and References 1 What Kind of Revolution? 1. The Economistt, 18.12.1976, p. 9. 2. III[B] Fry, 1979, p. 233. 3. I[D] Hollis, 1957, p. 313. 4. The Economistt, 2.10.1976, p. 12. 5. III[B] Dell, 1991, p. 287. 6. I[C] Benn, 1990, p.37. 7. I[C] Benn, 1990,p.121. 8. I[D] Fry, 2005, pp. 199–201. 9. III[B] Dell, 1991, p. 287. 10. I[D] Fry, 2001, pp. 4–47. 11. I[C] Benn, 1990, p. 667. 12. I[D] Mackenzie and Mackenzie, IV, 1985, p. 79. 13. III[B] Symons, 1957, p. 17. 14. I[D] Feiling, 1946, pp. 79–80. 15. I[D] Blake, 1955, pp. 411–13. 16. I[D] Morgan, 1974, p. 139. 17. III[B] Symons, 1957, p. 5. 18. I[B] H.C. Deb., 1.7.1926, col. 1379. 19. I[D] Williamson, 1999, pp. 167–202; III[B] McDonald and Gospel, 1973, pp. 807–29. 20. I[D] Catterrall, 2004, p.91. 21. I[D] St John-Stevas, V, 1974, p. 222. 22. I[D] Williamson, 1999, p. 322. 23. I[D] Laski, 1938, pp. 105–06. 24. I[D] Laski, 1938, p. 84. 25. I[D] Kramnick and Sheerman, 1993, p. 336. 26. III[B] Scargill, 1975, p.19. 27. III[B] Scargill, 1975, p. 10. 28. III[B] Scargill, 1975, p.19. 29. III[B] Scargill, 1975, pp. 23–24. 30. III[B] Scargill, 1975, pp. 30–31. 31. III[B] Scargill, 1975, p.26. 32. III[B] Scargill, 1975, p. 23. 33. III[B] Scargill, 1975, p.33. 34. I[D] Williams, 1983, pp. 26–55. 35. I[D] Minkin, 1978, p. 330. 36. I[B] LPACR 1970,p.121. 37. I[C] Wilson, 1979, p. 43. 38. I[C] Barnett, 1982, p.51. 39. I[C] Barnett, 1982,p.49. 40. I[C] Barnett, 1982, p. 134. 41. I[B] LPACR 1973, p.11. 42. I[D] Shaw, 1988, pp. 172–77. 238 Notes and References 239 43. I[D] Minkin, 1978, pp. 329, 403. 44. III[B] Scargill, 1975, p.30. 45. I[C] Crosland, 1983, p. 210. 46. I[C] Crosland, 1983, p. 204. 47. I[C] Crosland, 1983, pp. 242–43. 48. I[C] Crosland, 1983, p. 210. 49. I[D] Fry, 2005, pp. 207–08. 50. I[C] Benn, 1988,p.292. 51. I[C] Benn, 1988, p. 284. 52. I[C] Benn, 1990, p.11. 53. I[C] Benn, 1990, pp. 36–37. 54. I[C] Benn, 1990, p.33. 55. III[B] Wickham-Jones, 1996, p.91. 56. I[C] Benn, 1990, p. 302. 57. I[C] Benn, 1990, p. 680. 58. I[C] Crosland, 1983, p. 216. 59. I[D] Jenkins, 1987, p. 72. 60. I[D] Jenkins, 1987, p.58. 61. I[C] Maudling, 1978, pp. 45–46. 62. I[D] Howard, 1987, pp. 176–77. 63. I[D] Cowling, 1971, p. 2. 64. I[D] Fry, 2005, pp. 211–29. 65. I[D] Fisher, 1977, p. 147. 66. I[C] Prior, 1986,p.101. 67. I[C] Heath, 1998, p. 528. 68. I[C] Whitelaw, 1989, pp. 178–84. 69. I[D] Fisher, 1977, p. 155. 70. I[D] Thorpe, 1996, pp. 446–47. 71. I[D] Fisher, 1977, p. 159. 72. I[C] Denham and Garnett, 2002, p. 271. 73. I[D] Fisher, 1977, pp. 159–63. 74. I[C] Thatcher, 1995, p. 266. 75. I[D] Kelly, 1989, pp. 119–20. 76. I[C] Thatcher, 1995, p. 268. 77. I[C] Campbell, 2000, pp. 109–21. 78. I[C] Prior, 1986, p. 117. 79. I[D] Young and Sloman, 1986, p. 23. 80. I[D] Young and Sloman, 1986, p. 33. 81. I[D] Whitehead, 1985, p. 327. 82. I[C] Thatcher, 1995, p. 181. 83. I[C] Thatcher, 1995, pp. 245–48. 84. I[D] Young and Sloman, 1986, pp. 31–32. 85. I[C] Thatcher, 1995, p. 267. 86. I[D] Whitehead, 1985, p. 327. 87. I[D] Fisher, 1977, p. 169. 88. I[C] Prior, 1986,p.100. 89. I[D] Fisher, 1977, pp. 173–80; I[C] Whitelaw, 1989, pp. 184–85; I[C] Thatcher, 1995, pp. 277–81; I[C] Garnett and Aitken, 2003, pp. 201–11. 90. I[D] Young and Sloman, 1986, p. 33. 91. I[D] Whitehead, 1985, p. 330. 240 Notes and References 92. I[D] Whitehead, 1985, pp. 328–29. 93. I[D] Cowley and Bailey, 2000, pp. 599–629. 94. I[D] Wickham-Jones, 1997, pp. 85–86. 95. I[D] Fry, 2005, p. 225. 96. I[D] Gilmour, 1977, p. 143. 97. I[D] King, 1976, p. 59. 2The Conservative Ascendancy 1. I[D] Dale, 2000, p. 266. 2. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1980, pp. 353–54. 3. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1980, pp. 392–93. 4. I[C] Benn, 1990, p. 494. 5. I[B] H.C. Deb., 15.5.1979, col. 76. 6. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1980, pp. 338–39. 7. I[C] Prior, 1986, p. 115. 8. The Times, 31.3.1981. 9. I[D] Bruce-Gardyne, 1984, p. 105. 10. I[D] Bruce-Gardyne, 1984, p. 104. 11. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1984, p. 330. 12. I[D] Clark, 2000, p. 276. 13. I[D] Bruce-Gardyne, 1984, p. 106. 14. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1984, pp. 20–21. 15. I[D] Clark, 2000, p. 310. 16. For a debate about this see I[D] Sanders, Ward,and Marsh, 1987, pp. 281–313; I[D] Clarke, Mishler, and Whiteley, 1990, pp. 63–81; I[D] Sanders, Ward and Marsh, 1990, pp. 83–90. 17. I[D] Dale, 2000, p. 285. 18. I[D] Dale, 2000, p. 280. 19. I[D] Dale, 2000, p. 285. 20. I[D] Dale, 2000, pp. 268–70. 21. I[D] Dale, 2000, 288–90. 22. I[D] Dale, 2000, pp. 291–92; c.f. I[D] Dale 2000, p. 272. 23. I[D] Dale, 2000, p. 271. 24. I[D] Dale, 2000, pp. 296–97. 25. I[D] Clark, 1993, p. 7. 26. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1984, pp. 299–300. 27. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1984, pp. 306, 346. 28. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1984, p. 333. 29. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1984, p. 338. 30. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1984, p. 363. 31. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1984, p. 336. 32. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1984, p. 289. 33. I[D] Bruce-Gardyne, 1984, p. 183. 34. I[D] Bruce-Gardyne, 1984, p. 153. 35. I[C] Clark, 1993, p.99. 36. I[C] Prior, 1986, p. 153. 37. I[C] Clark, 1993, p. 127. 38. The Listenerr, 31.7.1986, p. 6 [J. Cole]. 39. The Guardian, 13.11.1986. Notes and References 241 40. The Times, 30.3.1987 [R.W. Johnson]. 41. The Times, 19.5.1987 [B. Pimlott]. 42. I[C] Tebbit, 1989, p. 313. 43. I[D] Dale, 2000, p. 313. 44. I[D] Dale, 2000, pp. 316–17. 45. I[D] Dale, 2000, p. 351. 46. I[D] Dale, 2000, p. 314. 47. I[C] Tebbit, 1989, pp. 332–33. 48. I[C] Young, 1990, p. 220. 49. I[C] Young, 1990, p. 222. 50. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1988, p. 345. 51. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1988, p. 283. 52. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1988, pp. 305–09. 53. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1988, p. 283. 54. I[C] Tebbit, 1989, pp. 336–37. 55. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1988, p. 265. 56. I[C] Thatcher, 1993, p. 585. 57. I[C] Thatcher, 1993, p. 573. 58. I[C] Tebbit, 1989, p. 335. 59. I[C] Garnett and Aitken, 2003, p. 319. 60. I[D] Drucker, 1979, p. 1. 61. I[D] Dangerfield, 1935, p. 14. 62. I[D] Dangerfield, 1935, p. 22. 63. I[D] Seawright, 1999, p. 2. 64. I[C] Thatcher, 1993, p. 619. 65. I[D] Seawright, 1999, pp. 147–55; this interpretation was contestedbyI[D] Devine, 2006, pp. 163–80. 66. I[C] Thatcher, 1993, pp. 619–20. 67. I[C] Thatcher, 1993, p. 624. 68. I[D] Seawright, 1999, pp. 127–45. 69. I[C] Thatcher, 1993, p. 618. 70. I[D] Seawright, 1999, p. 157. 71. I[C] Thatcher, 1993, pp. 619–20. 72. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1980, pp. 366, 372, 377. 73. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1988, pp. 295, 298, 301, 302, 304. 74. I[C] Thatcher, 1993, p. 620. 75. I[D] Hobsbawm, 1989, pp. 9–22. 76. I[D] Butler and Kavanagh, 1980, p. 354. 77. II[B] Kerr, 1969, p.66. 78. I[D] Bernstein, 1909, p. xvi. 79. I[D] Bernstein, 1909, xi–xii. 80. I[D] Bernstein, 1909, p. xiv. 81. I[D] Mitchell, 1983, pp. 37–38. 82. I[C] Healey, 1990, p. 466; I[C] Morgan, 1999, p. 703. 83. I[C] Benn, 1990, p. 551. 84. I[C] Benn, 1992, pp. 5–10; I[D] Mitchell, 1983, pp. 41–45. 85. I[D] Whitehead, 1986, p. 354. 86. I[B] LPACR 1980, pp. 31–32. 87. I[C] Benn, 1992, pp. 31–32. 88. I[C] Benn, 1992, p.59. 242 Notes and References 89. I[C] Morgan, 1999,p.719. 90. I[C] Morgan, 1999, p.715. 91. I[C] Healey, 1990, pp. 477–79. 92. I[C] Benn 1992, p.43. 93. I[B] LPACR 1981, p. 26. 94. I[C] Benn, 1992, p. 154. 95. I[D] Minkin, 1991, pp.