CH- 10 CHALLENGING THE CASTE SYSTEM A. Choose the correct answer and fill in the blanks :- 1. (a) BR Ambedkar 2. (b) respect for depressed classes 3. (a) 1901 4. (b) Liberty 5. (d) Jyotiba Phule B. Match the columns :- 1. Mahatma Gandhi—all India Harijan Sangh 2. BR Ambedkar—all India depressed classes association 3. Jyotiba Phule—satya shodhak samaj 4. Shree Narayan Guru—Sri Narayana Dharma paripalana yogam 5. Veeresalingam — hitakarini samajam C. Fill in the blanks:- 1. Keshab Chandra Sen 2. Jyotiba Phule 3. British 4. Reformers 5. Images of God D. State whether true or false. If false, please correct the statement 1. False— Gandhi believed that political freedom without social reforms would be meaningless. 2. True 3. True 4. The British did Little in terms of passing legislations against the caste discrimination as it serve their own purpose of divide and rule 5. False— Dr BR Ambedkar was awarded the Bharat Ratna for his efforts towards the upliftment of depressed castes. E. Answer the following questions in 10 — 20 words :- 1. Who established the brahmo samaj ? Ans: Raja Ram Mohan Roy established The brahmo samaj. 2. Who founded the all India depressed classes association? Ans: doctor Bhimrao Ambedkar founded the all India depressed classes association. 3. Name one reformer who organised the caste movement in South India. Ans: Narayana Guru organised the caste movement in South India. 4. What did the justice movement fight for ? Ans: The Justice movement fought for the Brahmin predominance in services, politics and education. 5. Why were the British not keen on eradicating the caste distinctions prevalent in the society? Ans: the British did little in terms of passing legislations against caste discrimination as it served purpose of divide and rule. F. Answer the following questions in 50-70 words 1. What do you understand by caste movements? Ans: In the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, there was a growth of class consciousness among the lower castes who took it upon themselves to struggle for caste equality. Such movements, known as caste movements. 2. Bring out the contribution of the satya shodhak samaj. Ans: satya shodhak samaj was a social reform society founded by JyotiRao Phule in Pune ,Maharashtra. It is espoused admission of education and increased social rights and political access for underprivileged groups like women shudras and the list, in Maharashtra. It became widely popular particularly in villages. 3. Discuss the achievements of Sree Narayan Guru . Ans: Narayan Guru dedicated himself to the cause of improving the condition of the oppressed people, particularly the Ezhavas . He asked his followers not only to break forcefully all the social taboos imposed by the brahmins but also to enter temples without fear. He started establishing temples without images of Gods. He built his first temple by installing a stone from a nearby stream. 4. Why did Gandhi support the cause of social reform? Ans: He firmly believed that political freedom had no meaning without social reforms.Hence, he whole-eartedly supported the cause of the downtrodden. 5. Why did the reformers take up the cause of social reformation ? Ans: Reformers believed that without social reforms, it was not possible to achieve any progress in the political and economic fields. G. Answer the following questions in 80–70 words :- 1. What led to the growth of class consciousness among the lower castes in the nineteenth and twentieth century? Ans: in the late 19th and 20th centuries, there was a growth of class consciousness among the lower castes who took it upon themselves to struggle for caste equality. Two factors led to the growing awareness of the lower castes regarding their rights. 1. The period witnessed the spread of education among the operation classes. 2. To safeguard themselves against the oppression of the upper castes, they began to form their own associations, a few of which soon assumed an all India status..