Limits to rural land use - Conference Amsterdam 1989 Limits to rural land use Proceedingso fa ninternationa l conference organized byth e 'Commission on Changing Rural Systems' of the International Geographical Union (IGU), Amsterdam, Netherlands, 21-2 5 August 1989 G.M.R.A.va nOort , LM.va nde n Berg,J.G .Groenendij k and A.H.H.M. Kempers (Editors) Pudoc Wageningen 199 ,J\ \ »r^c\-- w* CIP-data Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag Limits Limits to rural land use / G.M.R.A. van Oort... [et al.] (eds). - Wageningen : Pudoc. - III. Proceedings of aninternationa l conference organized byth e 'Commission onChangin g RuralSystems ' of the International Geographical Union (IGU), Amsterdam, Netherlands, 21-2 5 August 1989. - Met index, lit. opg. ISBN 90-220-1030-9 NUGI67I Trefw.: landinrichting / plattelandsgeografie. ISBN 90-220-1030-9 NUGI67I / 835 ®Centr e for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation (Pudoc), Wageningen, Netherlands, 1990. All rights reserved. Nothing from this publication may be reproduced, stored in a computerized system or published in any form or in any manner, including electronic, mechanical, reprographic or photographic, without prior written permission from the publisher, Pudoc, P.O. Box 4, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. Theindividua lcontribution s inthi spublicatio n andan yliabilitie sarisin gfro mthe m remainth eresponsi ­ bility of the authors. Insofar as photocopies from this publication are permitted by the Copyright Act 1912, Article 16B and Royal Netherlands Decree of 20Jun e 1974 (Staatsblad 351) as amended in Royal Netherlands Decree of 23Augus t 1985(Staatsbla d47 1) and byCopyrigh t Act 1912,Articl e 17, the legally defined copyright fee for any copies should be transferred to the Stichting Reprorecht (P.O. Box 882, 1180 AW Amstelveen, Netherlands). For reproduction of parts of this publication in compilations sucha s anthologies or readers (Copyright Act 1912,Articl e 16),permissio n must be obtained from the pub­ lisher. Printed in the Netherlands. PREFACE The present volume presents the Proceedings of the international conference "Limits to Rural Land Use", which was held in Amsterdam, the Netherlands from August 21 to 25, 1989. This conference was organized by the Commission on Changing Rural Systems, a commission of the International Geographical Union. There were 70 participants from 15 countries and 44 papers were presented during the five days of the conference. The central theme of the meetings was chosen to reflect the pace of change in the countryside and the range of limiting factors encountered in these seemingly quiet but actually very dynamic areas. The programme focussed on four themes: Development and Rural Population, Multiple Use of Land, Ecological Consequences of Rural Dynamics, Development and Rural Information Systems. Behind these themes lay the issues central to geographical change. Who initiates a process of change in a rural community? How does the influence of structural forces compare to the power of the individual? Can change be guided to meet public objectives; that is, what are the possibilities for planning? What information is needed by individuals and organizations in order to cope with change? The proceedings do not include all the papers presented at the conference, due to constraints of space and focus. Yet the papers that were selected for publication here certainly benefitted from having been part of a larger body of scientific exchange. In that sense, these Proceedings reflect the conference as a forum and the contributions of all the participants. All the presentations were well received by the participants, as we noticed, and provided an inspiring basis for the extensive discussions which took place during the conference. We would like to thank all the authors for their commitment in this joint publication of the IGU Commission on Changing Rural Systems. As this volume had to be limited to about 200 pages it was impossible to include all papers. In order to make a reasonably objective selection the papers were divided into the following three categories: loosely related subjects, e.g. the GIS-papers, which did not cover the subject we defined for the Proceedings; papers to be presented elsewhere or papers from authors who did not react to our letter sent to them in December last year; and papers fitting in the overall structure of the Proceedings. Even after our decision to include papers of the third category only, the number of qualifying papers remained too large. An agreement was therefore reached with the editor of the Indian Journal "Rural Systems" to have all papers covering the Third World countries published there. The choice of the papers selected for these Proceeding made it necessary to rearrange the themes and to distinguish three sections, to wit: - sustainable development and rural communities; - suburban growth and agricultural withdrawal; - farming between ecological and market constraints. In the Introduction a brief description of the contributions is given. The selected contributions should be regarded as elaborations of the four central themes; together, these comprise the wide-ranging topic expressed succinctly in the title of the Proceedings: Limits to Rural Land Use. These Proceedings cannot be regarded as a complete overview of the work being done in this field, but it does give an impression of the scope of current theoretical and empirical activity on the main themes. The individual authors remain responsible for the contents of their contributions; the input of the editors was confined to reviewing the texts, integrating the different subjects by proposing consistent terminology, and determining the layout. While editing the papers for the Proceedings, it became clear that one single list of references was preferable to a separate list for each paper. The references thereby gain value as the comprehensive list offers an overview of recent literature on the topics dealt with in the three sections. We hope that the contributors to this volume will be satisfied with the result. We also hope that the readers will glean ideas from it that further their research in this broad field. By including a list of addresses of all contributors and conference participants, we hope to the conference couldstimulate further interaction. We are grateful for the assistance, financial or otherwise, which made it possible to organize the conference in 1989 and publish the Proceedings. The following institutions contributed to this: the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam; the Institute of Geographical Research (IRO), Utrecht; the Faculty of Geographical Sciences, University of Utrecht; The Winand Staring Centre for Integrated Land, Soil and Water Research, Wageningen; the Rabobank Nederland, Utrecht; the Information and Documentation Centre for the Geography of the Netherlands (IDG), Utrecht; the Cartographic Institute (CITO-Plan B.V.), The Hague; the Royal Dutch Geographical Society (KNAG), Amsterdam. We would also like to thank Jeanine Verhaagen, who designed the logo for this conference. The editors vi CONTENTS Preface Introduction Guy van Oort,Leo van denBerg, Jan Groenendijk, AnnieKempers Section 1: Sustainable development and rural communities Rural community, land use dynamics and sustainable development 9 Christopher R. Bryant Multiple-goal assessment for land resource development: the case of British Columbia 16 YongyuanYin andJohn T.Pierce The careers of farm managers in England and Wales 24 Gordon Clark,J. H.Johnson andA. McAuley The Israeli family farm: changing structures and problems of adjustment 32 David Grossman Changes in rural areas in the Netherlands 38 Paulus P.P. Huigen & CM.Volkers The accessibility of a region; can information technologies be of help in development 49 HeikkiJussila Spatial distribution of telematics in Hungary 57 Tibor Tiner & CeesR. Volkers Possible land-use changes at the regional level, three contrasting scenario's for the province of Friesland 63 Jan D. Markusse Section 2: Suburban growth and agricultural withdrawal Direct marketing as agricultural adaptation in Megalopolitan Connecticut 79 TimothyJ. Rickard A land use problem in the Glasgow Green Belt 89 GarethE. Jones Response of farmers to the loss of land caused by urban pressure 96 Peter Lucas and Guy van Oort Changes in types of settlement in Belgrade fringe 105 Vladimir Macura Local planning and the role of rural land in metropolitan regions: the example of the Toronto area 113 Michael F.Bunce Conversion of farmsteads; hidden urbanization or a changing rural system? 123 J.H.P. van der Vaart Quasi-agricultural land: hidden urbanization, hobby farming or what else? 130 Leo M. van denBerg Section 3: Farming between ecological and market constraints Ecological assessment of modern agriculture 141 Michael J. Troughton Deciding and implementing limits to agricultural land use; an interorganisational perspective on the solution to environmental problems in the Netherlands 156 Jan G. Groenendijk Assessment of the environmental impact caused by agriculture 163 SaverioLorenzetti Some possible trends of changes in the present land use pattern of East Serbia 170 NatashaMilanovich Traditional orchards in the Domleschg: hope for an "obsolete" land use? 176 Justin Winkler Into the nineties - the management of land for nature conservation in the rural environment 181 HaydnWilliams References 193 Abstracts of the other papers 203 List of participants 211 Index 215 INTRODUCTION Guy van Oort, Leo van den Berg, Jan Groenendijk and Annie Kempers