Allied Interoperability & Integration Guide CJOS COE Version 2.0 April 2020 The Combined Joint Operations from the Sea Centre of Excellence (CJOS COE) was established in 2006 to provide a focal point for Joint Maritime Expeditionary Operations expertise for Allied nations. With 13 nations represented, CJOS COE is the only Centre of Excellence in the United States and is one of 25 accredited Centers worldwide, representing a collective wealth of international experience and expertise. 2 Combined Joint Operations from the Sea Centre of Excellence Allied Interoperability & Integration Guide A Guide to Enhance Interoperability Among Allied, Coalition and NATO Navies Version 2.0 April 2020 3 Allied Interoperability & Integration Guide Table of Contents Preface Change Record Disclaimer Introduction 1.0 Introduction…….………………………………………………………..………………..12 2.0 Background……………………………………….………………………..…………….12 3.0 Purpose, Objectives and Goals……………………….…………………..…………...13 4.0 Guide Organization…….………….……………………….……………………………14 5.0 Ordering and Distribution….……….……………………………………….…………..15 6.0 Review and Revision……………..……………………………………….…………….15 PART ONE: COALITION ELEMENT INTEGRATION INTO U.S. NAVY EXERCISES 1.0 Participating Agencies - Roles and Responsibilities………..……………….………17 1.1. Commander U.S. Fleet Forces Command (USFF)……….………….……..17 1.2. U.S. 2nd Fleet….………………………………………………………………...17 1.3. Joint Force Command Norfolk (JFC NF)………….…………….……………18 1.4. Combined Joint Operations from the Sea Centre of Excellence…….….…18 1.5. Commander Carrier Strike Group FOUR (CSG-4)………….…….…….…..18 1.6. Tactical Training Group Atlantic (TTGL)………………….…….………..…..19 1.7. Expeditionary Warfare Training Group Atlantic (EWTGL)…….….………..19 1.8. The Shipboard Electronic Systems Evaluation Facility (SESEF)…....……20 1.9. Fleet Area Control and Surveillance Facility, Virginia Capes….….……….21 2.0 Cooperative Deployment Program………………………………………….……….22 3.0 Coalition Participation Process - Exercise Integration.………………………...….23 3.1 General………………….………………,,,………………………….……………23 4 3.2 Determining the Right Training Event for Deploying Forces……..….………..24 3.3 Identification of Participating Maritime Forces…………….…………..……….24 3.4 Coordinating Authorities…………………….……………………..……………..24 3.5 Defining Training Objectives………….….………………..……………………..25 3.6 Planning Process…………………....………………..………………………….25 4.0 Bi- or Multi-lateral Agreements……..……...………..………………………………. 26 5.0 COMSEC Bilateral Agreements…...……….…………………………………………29 6.0 Foreign Disclosure Policy……………….…...………………………………………..29 7.0 Financial Issues…………………….…………………………………………………..30 8.0 Conference Participation…………….…………………………………….…………..31 8.1 Training Events - Scheduling Conference……………………………...……….31 9.0 Optimized Fleet Response Training Plan…………………………………….………34 9.1 Warfare Commander’s Conference…………...………………………..…….…34 9.2 Fleet Synthetic Training (FST)…………………………………………….……..35 9.3 Group Sail…………………...…………………………………………………..…36 9.4 Composite Training Unit Exercise (COMPTUEX or C2X)………………….....36 ANNEX A: USFFC TASK FORCE ORGANIZATION ANNEX B: CSG/ESG COMPOSITION ANNEX C: OPTIMIZED FLEET RESPONSE TRAINING PLAN (OFRTP) ANNEX D: PRE-DEPLOYMENT CHECKLIST ANNEX E: EARLY LIAISON CHECKLIST ANNEX F: LNO/COORDO DAILY ON BOARD ROUTINE (EXAMPLE) 1. PART TWO: COALITION ELEMENT INTEROPERABILITY 1.0 Operation……….….……………………………………………………………….……47 1.1 "Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures" (TTPs)…….…….…..….………….…47 1.2 NATO versus US Publications……….…….……………………..………….….48 5 1.2.1 Operational Orders and Standard Reports……………………………….49 1.3 Command and Control.…………………..…….…………………...………….…51 1.4 Warfare Commander Concept……..…………………………...……………..…52 1.5 Air and Missile Defense……………….…...…………………...…….…….…….52 1.6 Sea Combat Commander (SCC)………….…………..………………..………..55 1.6.1 Anti-Submarine Warfare………..…………………………………...….…56 1.6.2 Anti-Surface Warfare…….…………………………….…………………. 57 1.6.3 Information Warfare/Electronic Warfare………….………….…………..57 1.6.4 Force Protection…...……………………………………………………….59 1.7 Carrier Operation…………………..….………………………………..…………59 1.7.1 Air Operations………..…………...………….……………………………60 1.7.2 Helicopter Operations………...………....….…...……….……..…………61 1.8 Amphibious - USMC Specifics………………..……….…….………….………62 1.9 Conditions and Definitions………………..………….………………………….62 1.9.1 Defensive Conditions (DEFCONS)……..…………..………….…..……61 1.9.2 Force Protection Conditions (FPCON)................................................63 1.9.3 Emission Control Status (EMCON)…………………….………….….…63 1.9.4 Information Conditions (INFOCON).....................................................64 1.9.5 RIVER CITY – Conditions....................................................................64 1.9.6 Tactical Situation (TACSIT) – Definitions………….……………………65 1.9.7 U.S. Weapon Postures (WP)…………………………….……….………65 1.9.8 U.S. Readiness Conditions……………………………....……………….66 1.9.9 Material Conditions of Readiness…………………….……...…………..67 2.0 Information Sharing………………………………………………………………………67 2.1 Command and Control Systems – C2……….………..…….……..….………68 6 2.2 Communication……..……… .……....………………………………..…………69 2.2.1 HAVE QUICK II…………...………………………………………..………71 2.3 Intelligence ……...……...…….………..……...…………………………………72 2.4 DATA LINK….…...…….……..…….…………………………….……………...73 ANNEX G: COMMUNICATIONS GUIDE ANNEX H: INTEROPERABILITY CHECKLIST ANNEX I: NATO VS US PUBLICATION TABLE ANNEX J: COALITION IFF REQUIREMENTS Interrogator Information Form Transponder Information Form ACP 190 Annex H Spreadsheet Form PART THREE: COALITION INTEGRATION LOGISTICS 1.0 Agreements………………………………………………………..……………………..105 2.0 Services………………………………………………………..…………………………106 2.1 Refueling/Oil………………………….…….…………………………………..106 2.2 Maintenance…………………………..……….……………………………….107 2.3 Pier – Side Service……………………………………………………………..108 a. Flight Operations…………………………………………….……………109 b. Diving Operations…………………………………………….…………..110 c. Small Boat Operations…….…………………………………..…………110 3.0 Morale Welfare and Recreation (MWR)……..………..……………………..………..110 4.0 Security………..……………………………………………………………….…………111 5.0 Medical…………………..…………………………………………………….…………113 PART FOUR: COALITION ELEMENT “BEST PRACTICE” LEXICON - ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 7 PREFACE A brief scan of recent developments in NATO thinking can leave nobody in any doubt as to the centrality of collective capability. In the maritime domain, we have reached an inflection point where an increased emphasis on interoperability and integration is only going to continue to grow. The return to a focus on peer adversary warfare demands the highest practicable levels of capability, leveraging allies’ relative strengths and achieving and sustaining genuine collective readiness for operations. Optimizing the Alliance’s combined and joint interoperability is both vital and urgent. Operating as a coalition is invariably more challenging than acting as a national force, and this is exacerbated by the complexity of joint operations across domains. The ad hoc manner in which nations come together to operate makes the need for standardization very important, but adapting doctrine, policy or operating procedures takes commitment, effort and investment. Tackling these issues as far upstream as practicable will yield the best results and deliver the most efficient solutions. We are not however starting from scratch, and must find the most effective way to accomplish the mission. Careful planning, robust training and a conscious effort to combine forces wherever possible is necessary in order to fight and win as an alliance. In order to support this effort, Naval Interoperability is one of the core tasks of the Combined Joint Operations from the Sea Centre of Excellence (CJOS COE) Programme of Work (POW). This updated Allied Interoperability & Integration Guide is a key element of that work. The change in title for this edition reflects the fact that progress is being made; whilst there is still much work to do in ensuring basic interoperability, there is increasing discussion of the need for greater integration amongst allies and partners, and this guide aims to take us ever closer to that. T J Guy Commodore Royal Navy Acting Director Combined Joint Operations from the Sea Centre of Excellence 8 Change Record Date/Version Chapter/Part/Page Description Remarks NOV 2019/2.0 Title Integration Change Coordination to Integration NOV 2019/2.0 ONE/1.0/12 Introduction Guide update from annually to every two years MAR 2019/2.0 ONE/1.2/17 Update As U.S. 2nd Fleet U.S. Second Fleet develops frequent updates on tasks and interconnections to the Carrier Deployment Program might be necessary. NOV 2019/2.0 ONE/1.3/18 New New entity which liaises Joint Force with allies, coalitions and Command Norfolk partners (JFC NF) MAR 2019/2.0 ONE/3.3/24 Update Update on essential IFF and Information information requirements. requirements for ONE, Participating ANNEX D /41 Maritime Forces Pre-deployment Checklist NOV 2019/2.0 ONE/3.6/25 Planning Process LNO/POC engagement six month prior, conference update and LL/LI Conference MAR 2019/2.0 One/4.0/26 Update Update on required Bi-lateral or Multi- timeline and Information lateral Agreements NOV 2020/2.0 Foreign Cooperation Officer Additional inputs to MOU NOV 2019/2.0 TWO/1.1/47 Tactics, Missing Joining Package Techniques, and Procedures (TTPs) NOV 2019/2.0 TWO,1.2, 48 NATO versus US Update Publications 9 NOV 2019/2.0 TWO,1.3, 51 Command and INCHOP/OUTCHOP Control MAR 2019/2.0 TWO/1.5/52 Rectification Terminology Air and Missile Defense MAR 2019/2.0 TWO, New NATO vs U.S. Publication ANNEX I/ 94 NATO vs U.S. equivalent Publication Table Interoperability