REPORT OF THE CENSUS OF 1901 A, D. OF TBE JIINAGADB STATE ••11111 •• BY MANlLAL KESHAVLAL B~'·A.,'L. L B. CENSUS OOlOOSSIONER, JUNAGADH ST1TE. _~'~OOOoioalll._ PRINTED AT THE" JUNAGAI>H ST'ATE" PRESS. CONTEN·T8. PAnEs. CH A.PTER L-ADlfINISTRATION OF THE CENSUS OPERAT[OY. Towns lind villages; ehargp.s, circles, and blocks; charge' superintendent, circle super\1isor and block.c1erek,. house·defined r house·number·ing; systems of house.numbering discussed; :Mr~ R. E. Enthoven nt Rajkote ; Inspection tours ; forms, schedules and tables; ~'inal enumeration i enumeration of floating popula· tionEl ; day cenSllS in hilly parts; meeting at Bombay; Abstraction- slipsystem ;. 'fabulation.... ... .... m ... ...... 1-33 CHAPTER H.-GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE J UNAGADH STATE •. Limit,. area, physic],l u"pect, climlter helt, rainfall, soil and its fertility, usual crops... .11 .... ... .... .... ••• ••• •••. 34.-3~ CHAPTER UI.-MAHA'LWAR DESCRIPTION. N,me of ~hhals ; climlte, cuI th·a.tion, irrig:,tion, physica.l as· pec·t, kinds of soil etc. of each M'ah:,l briefly reviewed... ••• 33-57. OH APTER IV.-AREA, POPULATIONS, HOUSES, DENSITIES AND THEIR COMPARISON WITH' TIrE PRECEDING DECADE. Rtttio percent. of o~cupied to total buildings; grade ofdensity ; comparison of population of 1871,1881,1891 and 1901 ; decrease .11~unted for; variation in villagp.s; comparison of occupied '.houses in 1S,71, 188.1, 1891 and 1901... .... ... .... .... 58-17 CHAPTER V.-REI:.IGIONS AND SECTS. ~ain religion; Charwak and Boudh doctrines; Jain religion ~ Zoroastrian religion; Mahomedan relig.ion ; Chril!tianity ; Jew reli· gion; animistic j Hindu Sampradays a~d Panthas; tlain sects; Ma· homedttn sects; Parsi sect~ ; num3rical stt'ength of different reli· gions ; mlles and fennles of e w-b reiigion ;- their percentages; com· parison between 1891 and 1901 by religion.... M4 ........ 78-92: CHAPTER VI.-AGE AND SEX. Births, death;, sa.nitation, stat.e help" number and percenta.ge­ of the population by s~ and age·pariod. Comparisuu bt-tween, 1891 and 1901. Increa.se and decrease in the popUlation by age· period; average death and birth rate in the decennial period under review... ... .., ... ... .., .... ... ..... ..... ... ....... 93-115 CHAPTER rU.-CIVIL CONDITIONS. Hindu, Mahomedn.n and Parsi systems of marringe ; nnmOOr of married, unmarried, widowed, males and females; same by age­ period ; widow·re-marriage, Infant and early marriages, married, unmarried and widowed by religion, ratio of married" uumarried and widowed; compllrison of 1891 and 1901...... ... ." ••• 116-138 CHAPTER VII I.-EDUCATION AND LANGUAGES. Ancient education, general education j education in the State, educational state shown by percentage; educational ratio by chlrge, the SlJ.ma by religion, edll~a.tion in the ,J unngadh city, comparison bet""een 1891 and 190 L. Departmental figures and cenSllS figures of learners. Languages ; main language and. its divisions. T~ble giving family, gronp, language and dialect. Langilages returned with numb~r of p:!r.3ons sp3ilking them~.. 139-161 CHA.PTER lX.-BIRTH PLACES AND INFIRMITIES. Causes of migrat ion and their influence in our State; number of persons of different birth.;places ; number of ~ersons born in Juna ol gadh State per each charge., Infirmities; 4 kinds, number of each; same byageoperil)d ................ OJ' ............ 168-17' CHAPTER I.-CASTES. Hindu castes, original quadruple divisions, castes and sub·cas­ tes, reasons for sub-ca.stes. Hindll castes and the number in each returned, Hindu castes, chief of the~ bL'iefiy described comparing their numbers with L89 I... ..• .• ... .... ..~ ... .... ... 175 ... 188 CHAPTER XI.-OCCUPATIONS'. Classification of occupations and means of livelihood. Total population maintained by each occupation, actual workers. Mules and females with their dependants. Interest in land... .... ..... ' 189-21,6 . ,', ~ Conclusion ... ... ... .. '" ... ... ... ••• .217 I~ to'li Appendices ... ..t ... ... • A Tables showing numbers, education and civil conditions of Nagars o.nd Nagar Bhramins.... .tt ... t.t ••• • •• Errata... .,. ... ... .. tl' ••• II. ,.. I" ••• ", FROM O:&NSUS OOMMISSIONER O~ JUNAGADH. To Ihun.at la,tonk IhuU.1 $atJbhai, CHIEF DIW AN SAHEB OF JUNAGADH. laSPEont) SIR, I have the honour to submit, in the following few pages, a report of the Census of Junagadh State·taken in 1901 A. D. 2. The linal ebumeration of the entire territories ruled oyer by .His Rigbpes9 Ra~ulkhanji Mohabatkbanji K. C. S. t. Nawab &heb of Junagadh; was taken, synchroDous with that ot all India, on the night of the let March ·190·1 /... D" tlmt is, after ten years and three days from the last Census which was taken on the night of the 26th February 1891 A.:O, This is the first attempt of itt kind 00 submit a. systemt7.tic Census report of our State. S. The order of my appointment of No. 8400 dl\ted 6-8-1900 a& Censua Commissioner, reached me at Una, jllst at the close ofthe hardest duties of the c.mine relief officer of th~ Una Division, at the time when the monsoon, late jn ~n, had already burst in with unusual force and fury. 4. Immedia.tely on the receipt of the order, leaving the charge of the famipe relief officer, I hastened to Jllnagadh to join my appointment as· speedily a8 the conditione of the roads and rlyers in such a heavy monsoon per­ mitted. No'Sooner did I assume the cbarge of this new office, to th, inner 'Working of which, l should admit without ostentation or assumption, I was· " complete strangert than I thought it advisable to 9,pproach your honour with I request to allow me a little more extensive, though hy no means an unlimit­ ed, power, so that I can have. a freer and a wider scope to work out my plans .with faeility, which request your honour so kindly and graciously acceded to. 5. Thus equipped; and I should. acknowl~dge with feelinga of genuine tha.nkfulness, very well equipped, I, in ea.rnest, at once commenced the work entrusted to me. 6. To begin with, the office establishment was :fitly organized for the pur­ J'OBe, and tbe work of the Census Department was regularly put in motion from the 1st September 1900 A. D. A budget, providing for the expeIl8es for the ADMINISTRATION Ol!' ( 2 ) CBllSUS OPERATIONS. CHAPTER r. entire Census Operations, was sanctioned by your honour which is annexed here­ with as Appendix A. 7. At my request your honour was pleased to issue a general order No. 11:106 dated 22nd AuguBt ] 900 A. D. Samvat 1956 Shra- Administration of the W census operations van Vadi 12th ednesday (printed in the Dastural ________1 Ama! of Samvat 1956 Bhadarvlt Shud 2nd, Vol. 34 No. I page 2), calling upon the Heads of all the Departments to render full and timely help in tlJll Census work, such as may be required of them from time; to time by the officiall engaged in the Census operations. A notice of No. 778 dated.15th·November 1900A. D.under your honour's order, was published in the Dastural Amal of Samvat 1957 Margashirsha Shud 2nd Saturday, 24th Nm'em. ber 1900 A. D., Vol..34, No.4, page 38, calling upon the Bhayats, Mul.gira­ sias, Inamdars, Kheratis &c., to expedite supply of all the means and materials requisite for carrying on the Censu~ operations in their respective villages or parts of villages, and the State, it was further notified in the same notice, would be compel1ed .to supply them at the expense of those who would fail to give a prompt response to the call. 8. In collecting materials for the preliminary operations of the CensuS wotk, at the outset. I prepared an up-to·date list, adapted for the use of Census work, of all the vil1ages, towns and nesses undt>r each Mahal arranged in an alphabetical order, which is annexed herewith as Appendix B. In the prepara~ .tion of this list special care was taken to introduce all the changes that took place between 1891 A. D. and 1901 A.. D. such as transfers of villages from and into Mahals of the State, depopulated villages turned into populated villages, populated villages that have since become extinct, 'villages amalgamated with other villages of the same Mahal and villages that came intO existence after 1891 A. D. (Appendix ~). 1 . 9. I have made one departure from the arrangements of the last Census which deserves to be noted viz., that in the last Census those villages which were under the Judicial jurisdiction of one Mahal and the Revenue juris­ diction of the other Mahal, were irregularly treated as some to be under the Ma­ hal which has revenue jurisdiction over them and some to be under -t~e Ma· hal which has judicial jurisdiction over them; but now in the prescnt Census I have, for the sake of convenience, treated such villages, exclusively for the Census purposes, under those Mahals which have revenue jurisdiction over them. 10. Thus preparing the ground work for the Census operations I divided for the Census purpose the whole Junagadh State into 24 Charges correspond-. ing to the recognized administrative divisions, Townships and Mahals and, for all the Charges, I appointed Charge Superintendents-Officers -responsible for their respective Charges. The Charges of the whole Junagadh State were as under:- 1 J unag'!.ldh 2 Dungar • Bagat, which was treated as a separate Cbarge in the present arrangement, may be more conveniently treated in the future Census as a part and pareel of Junagadh city it­ self without making a separate Charge of it. ADMINIIITRATION OF (8) CHAPTER CENSUS OPEllA.TIONS. I. Gadhakda. 5 Rabariawad 6 Una. "7 Sutrapada. 8 Pattan 9 Verawa.l 10 Chorwad 11 Malia. 12 Keshod 13 Mangrol 14 ShU 15 Balaga.m 16 Kutiana. 17 Va.nthali 18 Shahpore DivisioD.