1 Index of Key Terms Symbols active audience 2977 2.5 Generation Wireless Service (2.5G) 390 database 2881 learning 372 server page (ASP) 144, 517, 1406, 2474 A server page (ASP) scripting 684 A/VE 1897 server page (ASP) aggregator 145 absorptive capacity 1044, 2518 X control 2312 abstract activities 2006, 3089 dimension 2820 activity diagram 329 windows toolkit (AWT) 1668 actor 41, 45, 2006, 2953 academic administration 1707 actor-network theory (ANT) 41, 46, 2011 acceptable use policy (AUP) 2028 actual level of awareness 572 access actuary 172 board standards 884 adaptability 97 control list (ACL) 1523 adaptive accessibility 884, 1819, 1287 algorithm 2595 data quality 1921 feedback 2329 accessible 3083 filter 2595 technology 2919 learning 3064 Web design 884 adaptor 2418 accommodations 2212 added value 2307 accountability 1418 ADDIE 1347 accountable identification 994 adding value 2752 accounting performance measures 176 addressable anit 869 accreditation 901 ADISSA 1115 acculturation 2850 administrative accuracy 2109 and institutional support 1000 ACF 2192 tasks 2792 ACID properties 589, 938 adoption 1188, 2518, 2966 ACS 2984 advanced action 572, 2881 information technology structure 1995 research 297 Internet applications 863 theory 122 advisory agents 80 actionable information 1910 affect-based trust 1869 action-oriented formal specification language affective 1210 complexity 1029 activation function 2098 computing 1056, 1185 activation-emotion space 1185 or relationship conflict 2915 Copyright © 2005, Idea Group Inc., distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI is prohibited. Index of Key Terms affordances 259 synchronization 3100 agent 92, 97, 815, 938, 1204, 1606, 1792, 1826, application-layer multicast (ALM) 667 1966 applicative-oriented formal specification orientation 1905 language 1210 agents compatibility 1826 appropriation and delivery structure 1995 agent-based approximation Set 438 approach to ASP 145 a-priori feature extraction 2271 simulation 2506 Arab world 2850 aggregate range query 929 Arabization 2839 aggregation 494 arbitration 1833 process 216 architecture 487 agile 2909 viewpoint 487 agile/virtual enterprise 1896 areal interpolation 380 AIP 518 arity 1475 algebraic specification 2430 around-the-clock development 1451 algorithm animation 2334 around-the-sun development 1451 alignment 109, 2625, 2647, 1321, 3073 ARPANET 1022 all rules search 896 artefact 2994 alliance management 247 articulated object 2701 allied model of IPFS 1457 artificial ambiguity 1853 intelligence 1602, 1787 American Community Survey 379 life (ALife) 2084 Americans with Disabilities Act 884, 3047 neural network 172, 1814 amusement 1611 artificially intelligent systems 1241 analog 156 ASCII 156 analysis 1383, 2084 aspect 1927 filter bank 1252 descriptor 1927 model 2391 assertion 801 analysts 311 assessment 386 anchor domain 102 asset anchored instruction 372 creator 869 andragogy 1188 manager 869 angle of arrival (AOA) 1977 assignment 1200 animated pedagogical agents 1137 assisted global positioning system (A-GPS) 1977 animation 1611 assistive technology 884, 2212, 2919, 3083 model 2506 association 2418, 2642 annotations 2480 analysis 2798 anomalies 1234 rules 1148, 2099 anonymity 97, 183, 1343 assured forwarding (AF) 395 in GSS 659 asymmetric of GSS 1343 communication 654 antenarrative 1937 digital subscriber line 917 anthropocentric view of knowledge 1782 asymmetry 2901 antinoise 2596 asynchronous 2213 anytime, anywhere work 134 communication channels 1798 APA 2352 discussion 1916 APICS 778, 1142 group communication technologies 2783 Applet 2442 mode 679 application transfer mode 917 aware vs. application transparent 1196 asynchrony 2864 integration 2604 ATAP 790 programming interfaces (APIs) 1741 ateleology 2734 service provider (ASP) 1011, 1862 attention-based IT infrastructure 1224 state 1413 attitude toward the site (ATS) 1611 2 Index of Key Terms attribute 2006, 1277 behavior networks 479 (informal definition) 1496 hyperstructures 479 auction-based market 1905 learning 242 audience method 815 class 186 network 235 response system (ARS) 183 BBN 242 track 186 beat tracking 196 audience-driven Web design 186 bed and breakfast 1639 audio behavioral/value information 1890 browser 884 behavioural packet 57 landscape 2734 sample 57 variations 2734 audio-lingual method 2759 beliefs 2642 audit 1401 below-view 2729 authentication 1966 benchmark 1910, 2148 author cocitation analysis 727 benefits authoring 1927 management 2367 authority 3117 realisation 2367 authorization 1966 benevolence 2909 for informationbase 1517 best practices 1093, 1107 automated better-faster-cheaper 975 fingerprint identification system (AFIS) 199 bibliometrics 276 planning 2408 bibliomining 276 automatic big-bang indexing 3117 approach 1849 thesaurus construction 2661 ERP implementation 1093 transcription 195 bill of materials (BOM) 2413 tutoring device 2329 binary coding 1200 autonomous bioinformatics 727 agent 1606 biological neural network 172 system (AS) 667 biometry (synonym: biometrics) 305 (sub) system 1572 bit stream 2057 autonomy and freedom 1424 black boxing 46 avatars 126 black-scholes option pricing model 2401 awareness model 572 blended axiom 2154 learning 690, 1819, 2448 axiomatic semantics 1210 learning environment 259 blocking 1544, 2028 B blog 507 back-end interoperability 988 Blooms taxonomy of learning 790 backpropagation 172, 1633, 2099 BM_VEARM 1897 backward-looking responsibility 1325 BM_virtual enterprise 1897 balanced score card 176, 843, 975, 1910 BNN 242 balancing (counteracting) feedback 2722 Bobby 3047 bandwidth 32, 917, 1406, 2028 boosting 2099 management 2050 BBA (Bone-Based Animation) 126 bar codes 545 BOOTSTRAP 386 base pair 3073 bottlenecks 1606 basic residential register network 2363 bottom-up approach 317 baudot 156 boundary Bayes rule 235, 242 crossing 1798 Bayesian region 438 agencies 479 bounded rationality 1853 Box-Jenkins approach 2103 3 Index of Key Terms branching 1315 capability brick-and-mortar 1069 maturity model (CMM) 2179, 2358, 2555 organization 2813 maturity model integrated (CMMI) 2340 schools 3006 table, 1523 broadband network 917 capacity broadcast miss 367 channel 697 provisioning network (CPN) 367 cycle 697 capital equipment expenditures (CAPEX) 638 database 744 cardinality constraints 2423 broker 402, 1897 career trajectory 1769 browser 1662, 2442 carrier sensing 3094 log 2442 CASE 329 browsewrap agreement 1837 case buddy list 1544 history 1937 building block 2839 mix 1672 bulletin board 471, 1763 mix information system (CMIS) 1672 Bullwhip effect 1069, 3089 study 317, 1937, 2381, 2502 business study research 1677 alignment 1897 case-based expert system 1830 complexity 1725 catalog 1930 engineering 2506 categorisation 1602 intelligence 752, 993, 1462, 1589 category model 337, 2710, 3059 attribute 216 process 10, 355, 1321, 1602, 2000 in NL 2855 process outsourcing 1304 causal process reengineering (BPR) 115, 355, 621, ambiguity 479 633, 925, 1093, 1954, 2825 link 1161 processes 2657, 2855 loop diagram (CLD) 843, 2722 rule 1475, 2301 CD-ROM 965 rules 1429 programs 2759 strategy 1321 cell 929 business to business (B2B) 917, 2133, 3121 identification (Cell-ID) 1977 e-commerce 1069, 2044 cellular networks 3094 business to consumer (B2C) e-commerce 1069, census II X-11 2103 2044, 2886 centralized model 2869 business to employee (B2E) 2133 certificate authority 450 business certification 386 transaction 10 authority 933, 2292 value 2657 practice statement 2292 buyer-driven value chain 67 CGI 1948 byte hit rate 3053 chain of sustainability 479 byte-code 1668 challenge 1424 and response 2372 C challenged projects 1937 C4ISR 1283 change 1842 cache 2442 management 1842, 2259, 2683 memory 2276 readiness 1418 caching proxy 367 channel CAD 128 availability 2891 call option 474 capacity 1029 call-based policing 324 conflict 2877 camera calibration 1354 symmetry 2891 capabilities 463 character segmentation 6 4 Index of Key Terms set 1297 clustering 227, 702, 2109, 2419, 2642, 2798 charismatic behavior 801 algorithm 196 chat 1544, 2202 CMM I (CMM-I1; CMM-I2) 2358 room 1120, 1544, 2312 coaches 311 sessions 790 cocited 2491 checkpointing (full, incremental) 1196 cognition 443, 2062 Chen approach 2423 cognitive chief knowledge officer (CKO) 413 domain 204 children 879 gap 2418 Chi-Square automatic interaction detection load 879, 2062 (CHAID) 2099 problem-solving style 2418 choropleth map 380, 2984 process 1826 CIO 1321 reasoning 2329 Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) 690 science 1787, 2062 citizen style 1264, 1277, 2418 rights 1124 system 1826 satisfaction 324 tool 2062 citizen-centric 15 trust 1869 civil society 419 cohesion 2154 clarity of responsibility 1418 collaboration 830, 1869, 1916 class 329, 2006, 2160, 2468 collaborative algebra 2246 browsing 456 diagram 1173, 1217 culture 2000 hierarchy 2468 filter 2462 classification 235, 896, 2491, 2642, 2798 filtering 727, 910, 2067, 2549 tree 1633, 2325 interface 2408 classroom interaction 626 learning 1005, 2448 cleansing 2860 planning, forecasting, andreplenishment clear (CPFR) 843, 1862 case 1830 resources 572 direction 1424 collection 1383 click-and-mortar 1069 development 2801 click-stream 684 management 2801 clickstream stage 2695 data 2808 collective tracking 2276 action 1763 clickwrap agreement 1837 human knowledge 1787 client 2442 intentional action 456 client/server 433 knowledge 1527 architecture 3034 collectivism 2886 client-originated ERP maintenance request 1101 collision 2377 client-server architecture 1093 co-located