Toxicon 60 (2012) 95–248 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Toxicon journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/toxicon 17th World Congress of the International Society on Toxinology & Venom Week 2012 Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, July 8–13, 2012 Abstract Editors: Steven A. Seifert, MD and Carl-Wilhelm Vogel, MD, PhD 0041-0101/$ – see front matter 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.04.354 96 Abstracts Toxins 2012 / Toxicon 60 (2012) 95–248 Abstracts Toxins 2012 Contents A. Biotoxins as Bioweapons. ...............................................................................97 B. Drug Discovery & Development..........................................................................100 C. Evolution of Toxins & Venom Glands . .....................................................................119 D. Hemostasis. ......................................................................................128 E. History of Toxinology . ..............................................................................137 F. Insects . ...........................................................................................141 G. Marine . ...........................................................................................144 H. Microbial Toxins. ..................................................................................157 I. Miscellaneous . ......................................................................................164 J. Pharmacology . ......................................................................................165 K. Physiology . ......................................................................................175 L. Plants . ...........................................................................................177 M. Scorpions . ......................................................................................180 N. Snakes . ...........................................................................................191 O. Spiders. ...........................................................................................228 P. Systems & Training . ..................................................................................236 Q. Venomous Animal Biology . ..........................................................................239 R. Venomous Animal Collections. ..........................................................................242 S. Veterinary Toxinology . ..............................................................................246 This issue of Toxicon contains the abstracts presented at the The joint meeting of the 17th World Congress of the IST 17th World Congress of the International Society on Tox- and Venom Week 2012 is intended to be a forum of inology (IST), held jointly with Venom Week 2012, 4th scientific exchange among the members of the toxinology International Scientific Symposium on All Things Venomous, communities from around the globe. It is hoped that the in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, July 8–13, 2012. unique location of Hawaii enhances the meeting experi- The World Congress of IST is held every three years, ence. Hawaii is indeed a very special place. The most most recently in Recife, Brazil in March 2009. The IST northern part of Polynesia, it is the most isolated land mass World Congress is the primary international meeting in the world with a sizable population. It is characterized by bringing together scientists and physicians from around an unparalleled cultural diversity, where the East meets the the world to discuss the most recent advances in the West, and where the host culture is Hawaiian. Although structure and function of natural toxins occurring in part of the United States, it is a fitting place to serve as host venomous animals, plants, or microorganisms, in medical, for the Asia-Pacific Region of the IST for its World Congress. public health, and policy approaches to prevent or treat Oahu, the island on which Honolulu is located, is envenomations, and in the development of new toxin- a Hawaiian name and means “Gathering Place”. Appropri- derived drugs. The Venom Week Symposiums, previously ately, it will be the gathering place for the world toxinology held in 2005, 2007 and 2009, are held in the USA with an community in 2012. international faculty and focus, and present the most Many thanks go to the Executive Committee of IST, Pres- recent advances in terrestrial and marine envenomations ident Dr. Ponnampalam Gopalakrishnakone (Singapore), of medical and veterinary importance, in venom and Secretary/Treasurer Dr. Julian White (Australia), and antivenom basic science, in the handling and breeding of President-Elect Dr. Alan Harvey (United Kingdom), to the venomous animals in zoos and aquaria, in venomous members of both the international Scientific Organizing animal science, and in regulatory issues. As both meetings Committee, the Local Organizing Committee, and to the were scheduled to be held in the summer of 2012 in the many sponsors for helping to make the 17th IST World USA, the two organizations decided to hold a joint Congress / Venom Week 2012 Meeting a reality and success. meeting in Honolulu. Meeting Co-Chairs The program of the meeting is characterized by two Steven A. Seifert, MD (USA) parallel tracks, basic sciences and clinical sciences, thereby Carl-Wilhelm Vogel, MD, PhD (USA) providing venues for presenting advances in these two Members of the Scientific Organizing Committee broad areas of toxinology research as well as translational Alejandro Alagon (MEXICO) aspects that bridge these two components. Some sessions Greta Binford (USA) on important topics are organized by eminent scientists Leslie V. Boyer (USA) in their field, whereas other sessions were developed Sean P. Bush (USA) from the more than 300 abstracts submitted to the Juan J. Calvete (SPAIN) meeting. Jean-Philippe Chippaux (BENIN) Abstracts Toxins 2012 / Toxicon 60 (2012) 95–248 97 Yara Cury (BRAZIL) Drug Information Center, MSC09 5080, 1 University of New Richard C. Dart (USA) Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001 USA P Gopalakrishnakone (SINGAPORE) Email: [email protected] Eugene Grishin (RUSSIA) Michael Gurevitz (ISRAEL) José María Gutiérrez (COSTA RICA) A. Biotoxins as Bioweapons Abdulrazaq G. Habib (NIGERIA) Alan Harvey (UK) Dan E. Keyler (USA) 1. Detection Technologies for Biological Toxins Glenn King (AUSTRALIA) Jessi Krebs (USA) P. Gopalakrishnakone Stephen P. Mackessy (USA) Venom &Toxin Research Programme, YLL School of Medicine, National Ashis k. Mukherjee (INDIA) University of Singapore, Singapore E-mail address: [email protected]. Kini R Manjunatha (SINGAPORE) Cesare Montecucco (ITALY) Review: The ad hoc group of the states parties to “the Dietrich Mebs (GERMANY) convention on the prohibition of the development, produc- Tarek R. Rahmy (EGYPT) tion and stock piling of biological and toxin weapons and on Karen Seibold (USA) their destruction” has listed the following toxins, bacter- Steven A. Seifert (USA) iotoxins (Botulinum toxin, clostridium perfringens toxins, Denis Servent (FRANCE) staphylococcal enterotoxins, shigatoxins), Phycotoxins (Ana- Reto Stöcklin (SWITZERLAND) toxins, ciguatoxins, saxitoxins), Mycotoxins (trichothecenes), Denise V. Tambourgi (BRAZIL) Phytotoxins (Abrins,Ricins) Zootoxins (Bungarotoxins). In Toru Tamiya (JAPAN) addition, few other toxins which are not in this list such as Jan Tytgat (BELGIUM) brevetoxins, conotoxins and other neurotoxins also will be Carl-Wilhelm Vogel (USA) reviewed in addition to the work done by venom and toxin Julian White (AUSTRALIA) research programme at National University of Singapore. An overview of the different technologies available for the Members of the Local Organizing Committee detection of biological toxins, originating from animals, Brian E. Hew (Black Ivory Biotech, Aiea, Hawaii) plants and microbial organism will be described. The meth- Ben Okimoto (Honolulu Zoo, Hawaii) odologies/technologies vary from fieldable ones to highly John M. Pezzuto (University of Hawaii at Hilo) sensitive one to user friendly ones. Depending on the Andrew Rossiter (Waikiki Aquarium, Hawaii) purpose of detection of toxin vary in different circumstance, Steven A. Seifert (University of New Mexico) quantitatively or qualitatively starting from Ouchterlony Carl-Wilhelm Vogel (University of Hawaii at Manoa) diffusion test to classical ELISA kit which has been used for Julian White (Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Adelaide) many years for the detection of biological toxins as well as Catherine Wood (University of New Mexico) HPLC, LCMS. In the recent past our research group has developed immunosensitive field – Effect Transistors (ISFET) Sponsors (1), ultrasensitive protein array based on electrochemical Rare Disease Therapeutics, Inc., Franklin, Tennessee, USA enzyme immunoassay (EETA) (2), silicon chip base optical BTG International, Ltd., London, UK immunoassay (OIA) (3) for the detection of toxins from Instituto Bioclon, Mexico City, Mexico animal venoms as well as toxin from microbial organisms Silanes Laboratories, S.A., Mexico such as Botulinum toxins, SEB toxin, T-2 toxins as well as Toxicon American International Rattlesnake Museum, plant toxins such as ricin or abrin. Albuquerque, NM, USA Chiricahua Desert Museum, Rodeo, NM / Elsevier B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands References International Society on Toxinology Zakaria.E.S, Gopalakrishnakone, P. & Pavel, N. Immunolog- College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, ically sensitive field effect transistors. Encyclopedia of Honolulu, HI University of New