DOCUMENT RESUME ED 082 528 EM 011 503 TITLE One Week of Educational Television. Number Three. April 19-25, 1964. INSTITUTION Brandeis Univ., Waltham, Mass. Morse Communication Research Center. PUB DATE Apr 64 NOTE 121p. EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$6.58 DESCRIPTORS Adult Education; Broadcast Industry; Children; College Students; *Educational Television; Instructional Television; *Programing (Broadcast); Public Television; Tables (Data); Television Research; *Television Surveys IDENTIFIERS *Educational Television Stations ABSTRACT The programing of educational television is examined through a survey conducted during one week in 1964 of the 88 educational television stations on the air during that week. The data were analyzed separately for three distinguishable audiences of educational television--the school audience, the college-adult education audience, and the general audience--and results are presented under each audience type about broadcast patterns, amount of programing, program sources, and subjects broadcast. An additional section covers educational television networks and alliances such as National Educational Television, state networks, regional networks, commercial networks and stations, film sources, university program sources, informal program exchanges, Midwest Program Airborne Television Instruction, National Instructional Television Library, the new stations and the educational television alliances, and local production. The last section deals with repeats, transmission, and purchased programing. Details of the survey and supplementary charts are appended. (SH) FILMED FROM BEST AVAILABLE COPY ONE WEEK OF EDUCATIONALTELEVISION Number 3 April 19 - 25, 1964 "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS COPY- RIGHTED MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY NI 1:Tar1J -13r ,2,_n8. (2t.Lyt, : TO ERIC AND ORGANIZATIONS OPERATI G UNDER AGREEMENTS WITH THE NATIONALIN. STITUTE OF EDUCATION. FURTHER REPRO. DUCTION OUTSIDE THE ERIC SYSTEM RE. QUIRES PERMISSION OF THE COPYRIGHT OWNER." The Lester S. and Alfred L. Morse Communication Research Center Brandeis University Waltham, Massachusetts 0215h OF HEALTH. U.S, DEPARTMENT EDUCATION &WELFAREOF NATIONAL INSTITUTE EDUCATION HAS BEEN REPRO THIS DOCUMENTAS RECEIVED FROM DUCED EXACTLYORGANIZATION ORIGIN THE PERSON OROF VIEW OR OPINIONS ATING IT POINTSNECESSARILY REPRE STAT ED DO NOT IONAL INSTITUTEOF SENT OFFICIAL NAT OR POLICY. EDUCATION POSITION Copies are available-du $1.00 each from The Morse Communication Research Center. Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 021510 Copyright, The Morse ComMunication Research Center, 1965 ETV STATIMNS EqC3ADCAEM °slim roN NORTH DAKOTA I Say MINIMA Pullman /BAH OJIat-ttir Corvallis SOUTH DAKOTA Minnar I WYOMING Verrst 1I inn IOWA NEBRASKA UTAH Logan OgdenIA Salt La... City COLORADO Lincoln 0Sscrarsento MISSOU Denver o San Iranclsco KANSAS San llatea ASanta Clara ARIZONA NEWMEXICO OKLAHOMA TEXAS Oil sit lms Angeles 0 San Bernal., AD iTKInho-aity a Lubbock P:go Dg SAMOA Austin 111111111111111111t1 1 11111111111111111111111111111111M11111111111 ES 0 0.,7,11::1.111ily Schm, I -owned E DStt p-otoltql a Univsiy *L.:NYC-T ist ,11 1 r stilt ton tat in,lilatt,1itii, a 1,a1a Late l1 lip 2;" 11 1.5115' giflilisirOOMIIIIIIIIIHIninIn11111411:111111111111151A Art t, Cat ttp M_74 I.r"1 itsj ezANA.,,r7qy ''''''...,,c MICSOT4 iL. o MICH. WISCONSIN A o MICHIGAN N 1101°11* Pan ord Cid) o Pil I wn A A Vcrtn)I Inn Rad.5,1 ARIA net ruil ?MVO ILLINOIS INDIANA Pcu 1 i Cr rd,n A A Ne,ark Co twat,w, WES1 anxf nrd Athens 1111161MA 0 Clocinnati 84$ Richmond VIRRINIA 0 XENTUC KEY A CABOLINA Hama chn,l OKLAHOMA TENNESSEE 0 ARKANSAS S.CAROLINA thishv iiin A REORRIA L) AZJ akloh,,,,,y ALABAMA MISSISSIPPI Athens A Ai nirin Chodh.c SE,,to Rork S41,..yelool, LOUISIANA 0 k'P,r,nvr, %cr.,a Sdh innn FLORIDA Jdcksonville 0 t i NtoNt AA Contents Page Map of Educational Television Stations, January 1, 1965 iii FOREWORD ix INTRODUCTION 1 Summary of Findings 2 Significant Trends - 1964 Compared to 1962 4 General Description 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000 . 0 OOOOOOOOOO 000000006.0 8 ETV Ownership ........, 10 VHF and UHF Stations 11 The New Stations 12 Days on the Air 14 THE 19614 ETV PROGRAM PICTURE . 17 Programs for the General Audience 17 Broadcast Patterns 17 Amount of Programming 18 Program Sources 19 Subjects Broadcast 19 Weekend Programming... 33 Programs for the School Audience 37 Broadcast Patterns 37 Amount of Programming 37 Program Sources 38 Subjects Broadcast.............. OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO 41 Teachers' Series 46 iv Pa p.,e Programs for the College-Adult Euucation Audience .0.000. 51 Broadcast Patterns and Amounts 51 Program Sources m0000000000000001100,0000000 0000000000000 52 Seminars and Background Courses 1100000011000ohn000000110000 52 Subjects Broadcast °ohm 0 ono en n ono e000 0000"<" o doe"e 55 ETV NETWORKS AND ALLIANCE0 0000006000 000n 0000 n0 " 00000 00e n0000 59 National Educational Television 00000000000000000000000000000 60 State Networks 00000 000060 00000 0 000 000 0 0000000 0 0000000 00 00 61 Cooperative Production 00000000000006000000000eh0O0000.0 61 Centralized Production 00000000"0000000000h0oop00000000 62 Interconnection of Independent Stations000.000000000.0.0 63 Video Tape Exchange0 000000 00n0ll00o0000004LoOoo00000o000, 65 Regional Networks o0o on sOoloo fo oon *v060111004 0. 0000eoo0 65 Commercial Networks and Stations 0.0000000000es,00000000600000 67 Film Sources 0-0.0..0....000.00.0.0.00.0.00.0.000.0.0 67 University Program Sources 000000'000000000000000110000 00000 000 67 Informal Program Exchanges 00000000-0-0.00.0.0-000-00.0 68 Midwest Program Airborne Television Instruction 00.0000.0.00. 68 National Instructional Television Library 000000000000000.000 71 The New Stations and the ETV Alliances 0000000,000.0000000000 71 Local Production 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000 72 Local Production for the Instructional Audience.00-000 72 Local Production for the General Audience000.00.0011.. 000 73 Subjects produced Locally .000. 11000000000060000000 7I Local Production and the "New" Stations 000.0.00...00..0 74 Page REPEATS, TRAN=ESSION AND PURCHASED PROGRAMMING 76 The Use of Repeats 76 Use of Live, Videotape and Film Production 78 Purchased Programming .0.0................... 0000000000000000 78 AFTERWORD0000000000000000 00000000000 0000 00000000000000000000 0 81 APPENDICES 10 Methodology 89 2. Stations Submitting Program Schedules for Dates Other than April 19-25, 1964 90 3. Ecl ational Television Station Licensees/Grantees and Ownership Classification, April 1964 a 91 CHARTS 1. General 'Broadcasting 2. School Broadcasting 3. College-Adult Instructional Broadcasting 4. Total Broadcasting vi List Tables Page 10 Comparison of Program Categories in General Broadcasting for 1964 and 1962 efoons.oe.000nno.oelopon.00m-m000 35 2, Stations Ranked by Program Hours for the General Audience, April 19-25, 1964 .................... ............. 36 30 Number c. Locally Produced School Series by Subject and Grade, April 1964 39 40 School Series that Include Teachers' Programs oonnfoos00000 47 5. Comparison of Program Categories in School Broadcasting for 1962 and 1564 48 6. School Programs by Subject Category and Grade, April 1964 00000o00,000000006000000000000000000000000000000000 I. 7, Stations Ranked by Program Hours for the School Audience, April 19-25; 196400000000000 00000000000000010000 40 0 50 8. Number of Teacher Background Courses for the College-Adult Education Audience 000000000000000000000 ..... 0 54 9. Comparison of Program Categories in College-Adult Instructional Broadcasting for 1962 and 1964 ......... ....... 57 10. Stations Ranked by Program Hours for the College- Adult Education Audi April 19-25, 1964 ........... ...... 58 11. Program Sources; 1964 and 1962 Survey Weeks Compared ........ 69 12. Program Sources, April 1964 0000000.0000000000000000000000 70 13. Leading Prc,gram Topics Broadcast, 1964 Compared to 1962 84 14. Stations Ranked by Total Hours Brc.icast April 19-25, 1964 .............................,.............. 85 vii List of Figures Page 1. Number of Stations by State, April 1964 . 9 2. Type of '2.ilership and Frequency Allocation, April 1964 10 3. Ownership of Stations Starting Broadcasting Between March 1962 and April 1964 1L1 4. Comparison of Days on Air Per Week 15 5. Total Weekly. Hours for Weekend and Non-Weekend Broadcasters 16 6,, Daily News Broadcasters Grouped by Station Ownership 29 7. Pattern of Repeats for the Three ETV Audiences, in hours, April 196L1 77 8. A Comparison of the Modes of Transmission, April 196L1 78 9. Purchased Programs: Uses and Transmission 79 10. Priorities for Purchased ETV Programs . 80 lie Broadcast Patterns, April 1964 86 12. Relation of Station Ownership to Programming Intent, April 196L1 87 13. Types of Programming for 196h and 1962 Compared 88 viii FOREWORD It is possible that this third study of educational television programmirg in the United States raises more questions than it answers. A fundamental query relates to the continuing role of ETV. There are a number who feel that it is providing the service needed, always allowing for improvement. 0th , tend to disagree. The point is raised for consideration as the report is read. Similarly, some questions persist about whether ETV is accom- plishing the purposes envisioned by the Congr-ss and that have been given such sympathetic support by the Federal Communications Commission. Another question that came to mind early in preparing the report, to give a specific example arose over ETV and the news. The news broadcasts. emanating from ETV stations