Chapter 12 ­ The family Family Systems Kinship ­ nuclear and extended belong to larger system Family ­ group of people who are related by Primary relatives ­ members of orientation and marriage, blood, or adoption procreation ex. mom, brother, husband nuclear family ­ one or both parents and their children Secondary relatives ex. grandparents, in­laws, aunts, nephews Extended family ­ 3 or more generations sharing the same residence Tertiary relatives ex. great­grandparents, cousins Sep 29­2:02 PM Sep 29­2:04 PM Marriage and kinship Patterns Monogamy ­ only allowed to marry one person at a time Marriage ­ set of norms that specifies the ways in which family structure should be organized Polygamy ­ marriage with multiple partners Polygyny ­ a man is permitted to marry more Between man and woman than 1 wife at a time Monogamy Polyandry ­ a woman is permitted to marry Non­related more than 1 husband at a time 18 unless parental consent Sep 29­2:05 PM Sep 29­2:05 PM Residential Patterns Descent Patterns Patrilocality ­ couple is expected to live Patrilineal descent ­ trace kinship through with/near the husband's parents father's family (property passed from father to son) Matrilocality ­ couple is expected to live with/near the wife's parents Matrilineal descent ­ trace kinship through mother's family (property from mother to Bilocality ­ allows the couples to choose to daughter) live with/near which family Bilateral descent ­ kinship is traced through Neolocality ­ couple can set up apart from both both families (property inherited from either side) Sep 29­2:06 PM Sep 29­2:07 PM 1 Functions of the family Authority Patterns Patriarchal system ­ father holds authority Regulation of sex Matriarchal system ­ mother holds authority incest taboo ­ norm forbidding sex between Egalitarian system ­ both mother/father share certain relatives U.S. 21 states allow marriage of 1st cousin Reproduction ­ depends on society some except big families, others replacement Socialization ­ taught the ways of society from family Economic and Emotional Security Sep 29­2:07 PM Sep 29­2:08 PM The American Family Homogamy ­ most choose mates with similar education, age, religion, economic status Heterogamy ­ marriage between individuals who have different characteristics Apr 30­1:25 PM Sep 29­2:09 PM Marital Satisfaction Family Disruption chance increase based on the following 25% of the murders in the U.S. involve family parents are successfully married 28% of women killed by their husbands and or known each other for at least 2 years boyfriends getting married at an older age 1.6 million wives are seriously abused by holding traditional values husbands each year engagement free from conflict 7 million have at least one physical fight each being of same race/religion year having a college education 1.5 million children are severely assaulted by having parents approval of marriage adults each year over ½ of all recent marriages will end in divorce Sep 29­2:09 PM Sep 29­2:10 PM 2 Apr 30­10:14 AM Apr 30­9:04 AM Apr 30­10:19 AM May 21­7:25 AM Apr 30­10:22 AM Apr 30­10:10 AM 3 Apr 30­8:58 AM May 24­12:32 PM May 24­7:26 AM Apr 30­9:07 AM May 25­12:14 PM May 25­12:17 PM 4 May 4­6:48 AM May 4­6:50 AM Family violence Trends in American Family Life serious problem for all social classes and changing over time Leave it to Beaver Brady Bunch Cosby Show racial/ethnicity groups Delayed marriages due to education/career building cohabitation ­ couples live together w/o marriage Delayed childrearing Dual­Earner Marriages Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 *may take up to 12 weeks for newborn (unpaid) Sep 29­2:11 PM Sep 29­2:11 PM One parent families One parent familiescont. Robert S. Weiss 1. responsibility overload ­ care taking and decision making 2. task overload ­ work/home management Poverty 3. Emotional overload 45% of female headed households are below poverty lines ½ of fathers that should pay don't pay fully ¼ don't pay at all Sep 29­2:11 PM Sep 29­2:11 PM 5 Remarriage blended families ­ stepfamilies ¼ of children live in stepfamilies Sep 29­2:12 PM May 7­7:00 AM 6.