AWS B2.1:2005 An American National Standard Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification Key Words—Welding performance qualification, AWS B2.1:2005 welding procedure qualification, An American National Standard welding procedure specification, welding processes, filler metals, base Approved by metals, welding qualification variables American National Standards Institute November 5, 2004 Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification Supersedes AWS B2.1:2000 Prepared by AWS B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance Qualification Under the Direction of AWS Technical Activities Committee Approved by AWS Board of Directors Abstract This specification provides the requirements for qualification of welding procedure specifications, welders, and welding operators for manual, semiautomatic, mechanized, and automatic welding. The welding processes included are oxyfuel gas welding, shielded metal arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding, submerged arc welding, gas metal arc welding, flux cored arc welding, plasma arc welding, electroslag welding, electrogas welding, electron beam welding, laser beam welding, and stud arc welding. Base metals, filler metals, qualification variables, and testing requirements are also included. 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida 33126 AWS B2.1:2005 Table of Contents Page No. Personnel......................................................................................................................................................................v Foreword .................................................................................................................................................................. vii List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................................x List of Figures..............................................................................................................................................................xi 1. General Provisions ...............................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Scope............................................................................................................................................................1 1.2 References....................................................................................................................................................1 1.3 Terms and Definitions .................................................................................................................................1 1.4 Responsibilities............................................................................................................................................3 1.5 Effective Date ..............................................................................................................................................3 1.6 Safety Precautions .......................................................................................................................................3 2. Procedure Qualification .......................................................................................................................................5 2.1 General.........................................................................................................................................................5 2.2 Standard Welding Procedure Specifications ...............................................................................................5 2.3 Welding Procedures Qualified by Employer...............................................................................................7 2.4 Evaluation of Test Weldments.....................................................................................................................8 2.5 Qualification Thickness Limitations............................................................................................................8 2.6 Special Test Weldment Acceptance Criteria .............................................................................................11 2.7 Pipe and Plate Groove Test Weldments and Acceptance Criteria.............................................................11 2.8 Fillet Test Weldments and Acceptance Criteria ........................................................................................13 2.9 Cladding Test Weldment and Acceptance Criteria ...................................................................................17 2.10 Hardfacing Test Weldment and Acceptance Criteria ................................................................................17 2.11 Stud Welds and Acceptance Criteria .........................................................................................................18 2.12 Sheet Metal Weldment and Acceptance Criteria.......................................................................................19 2.13 Welding Procedure Specification Data......................................................................................................20 2.14 Procedure Qualification Variables.............................................................................................................22 3. Performance Qualification .................................................................................................................................29 3.1 General.......................................................................................................................................................29 3.2 Qualification by Standard Test ..................................................................................................................31 3.3 Qualification by Workmanship Test..........................................................................................................31 3.4 Test Weldments .........................................................................................................................................33 3.5 Examination Procedures and Acceptance Criteria ....................................................................................35 3.6 Performance Qualification Variables ........................................................................................................37 Mandatory Annexes....................................................................................................................................................45 Annex I—Basis for Establishing a Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS).............................................45 Annex II—Illustrations—Weld Position, Test Specimens, and Text Fixtures ............................................................47 Annex III—Filler Metal Grouping..............................................................................................................................65 Annex IV—Base Metal Grouping ...............................................................................................................................69 Annex V—Radiographic Examination Procedure....................................................................................................245 Nonmandatory Annexes............................................................................................................................................249 Annex A—Example Performance Qualification Test Record...................................................................................249 Annex B—Macroetch Procedure..............................................................................................................................251 Annex C—Guidelines for Preparation of Technical Inquiries for AWS Technical Committees..............................253 List of AWS Documents on Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification....................................................255 ix AWS B2.1:2005 List of Tables Table Page No. 2.1 Test Methods Required for Procedure Qualification .....................................................................................9 2.2 Thickness and Size Limitations for Fillet Welds for Procedure Qualification ..............................................9 2.3 Thickness Limitations of Plate and Pipe for Groove Welds for Procedure Qualification...........................10 2.4 Thickness Limitations for Cladding and Hardfacing for Procedure Qualification......................................10 2.5 Thickness Limitations for Procedure Qualification—Sheet Metal Groove Welds......................................10 2.6 Minimum Shear Strength for Aluminum Fillet Welds ................................................................................16 2.7 Minimum Tensile Load Requirements for Aluminum Stud Welds.............................................................19 2.8 Minimum Torque Requirements for Steel Stud Welds................................................................................19 2.9 Minimum Torque Requirements for Aluminum Stud Welds ......................................................................19 3.1 Examination Requirements for Performance Qualification.........................................................................30 3.2 Number of Bend Tests for Performance Qualification ................................................................................31 3.3 Allowable Base Metals for Performance Qualification ...............................................................................33