Intel® Quark™ Microcontroller Software Interface (Intel® QMSI) Malcolm Prinn, October 2016 Intel® QMSI quick facts . Hardware Abstraction Layer written in C . ~100k LoC . Supports most Intel® Quark™ MCU SoCs . Small code size / stack usage . Low power functionality Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 2 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Customer Apps Intel® system studio for Microcontrollers Zephyr OS (Comms. Stacks) Libs TinyCrypt IPPM Intel® QMSI Intel® Quark™ Microcontrollers (MCUs) D2000 C1000 Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 3 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel® Quark™ MCU family Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 4 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel® Quark™ microcontroller D2000 Intel® Quark™ SoC Peripheral Power Lakemont- ULP @32MHz Interfaces Subsystem . Ultra low power, Entry Level UART PWM / Timer 8k SRAM Pwr. Supply & Distr. 32MHz, 32-bit x86 Microcontroller, 32kB Flash, 8kB SRAM I2C SPI (M/S) 8k OTP Battery Mgmt. GPIO . Scalable Software Development Kit, with ADC sample apps and libraries 32k Intg. Power Mgmt. Flash Comparator RTC . Pre-validated comms and sensor modules Memory Memory Subsystem 2 ch DMA WDT JTAG & Debug Support . Full Intel® x86 instruction set architecture for compatibility and scalability Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 5 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. InteL® Quark™ SE microcontroller C1000 Intel® Quark™ SoC Peripheral Interfaces Power Lakemont- ULP UART Pattern Matching Engine Subsystem . High-efficiency power consumption @32MHz ARC PWM / I2C (M/S) GPIO Pwr. Supply & Distr. 32MHz, 32-bit x86 Microcontroller @32MHz Timer . 384Kb Flash, 80kB SRAM SPI (M/S) I2S Mailbox 80k SRAM Battery Mgmt. Scalable Software Development Kit, with sample apps and libraries WDT RTC AON GPIO 8k OTP Power Mgmt. Pre-validated comms and sensor modules USB 1.1 Comparator 2x 192kB Intg. Flash Sensor SubSystem . Full Intel® x86 instruction set architecture Peripherals for compatibility and scalability Memory Memory Subsystem 8 ch DMA ADC GPIO I2C SPI JTAG & Debug Support . Always sensing: always-listening Internal Sensor Hub . Intelligent: Pattern Matching Engine Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 6 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Customer Apps Intel® system studio for Microcontrollers Zephyr OS (Comms. Stacks) Libs TinyCrypt IPPM Intel® QMSI Intel® Quark™ MCUs D2000 C1000 Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 7 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel® Quark™ Microcontroller Software Interface . Intel® Quark™ Microcontrollers Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) . APIs provide a standard interface to all functionality in Intel® Quark™ microcontrollers. APIs are consistent across the Intel® Quark™ microcontroller family of devices. Included with this API are a collection of sample applications to enable users to get started quickly. Embedded devices with a limited amount of memory, . Object code size & stack size minimization is a primary design objective. Everything accessed as MMIO. Nothing is dynamic, all the heavy work is done at compile time. Garbage collection on unused functionality. Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 8 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel® QMSI Firmware Mailbox DMA ADC RTC Upgrade InterruptInterrupt Boot loader AON Counter Pin muxing WDT managementmanagement AONAON Periodic ARC support Power states I2C GPIO Timer X86 support Flash Comparators SPI Timers Memory SoC support IdentificationIdentification UART PWM protection Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 9 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Bootloader / ROM . Bootstrap . TRIM code calculation . Firmware update management . Host tools also provided (fork of DFU utils) . Un-brick me Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 10 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Boot flow Reset Assembly Start-up Primary peripherals Un-brick me Secondary Flash Start ARC peripherals controllers Start Sanitize Lakemont bootloader Power Firmware down mgmt. Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 11 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Clocking Crystal Oscillator 32 MHz Crystal determines I2C Enable accuracy ~4mA Silicon Oscillator Selector Prescaler I2C 4/8/16/32 MHz System clock +/- 20000ppm accuracy source 450uA@32MHz Prescaler SPI RTC oscillator Prescaler RTC 32768 Hz AON Periodic Prescaler Timer RTC clock source Prescaler WDT Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 12 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Power states - D2000 RST_N Active WakeEvent Halt Deep Sleep Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 13 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Power states - C1000 Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 14 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Sample Real Time Clock driver usage RTC configuration structure Register / request interrupt Enable clocking to RTC Set configuration and start RTC Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 15 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Customer Apps Intel® system studio for Microcontrollers Zephyr OS (Comms. Stacks) Libs TinyCrypt IPPM Intel® QMSI Intel® Quark™ MCUs D2000 C1000 Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 16 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Newlib syscalls . Pico printf . Modular, support for formats can be disabled at compile time . Supports ‘d’, ‘u’, ‘x’, ‘X’ and ‘s’ . Puts . Malloc / free . Assert Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 17 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Toolchain GDB OpenOCD based GCC ARC GCC JTAG Bare metal / RTOS code Intel® Quark™ microcontroller-based systems https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/issm-toolchain-only-download Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 18 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Customer Apps Intel® system studio for Microcontrollers Zephyr OS (Comms. Stacks) Libs TinyCrypt IPPM Intel® QMSI Intel® Quark™ MCUs D2000 C1000 Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 19 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. TinyCrypt Library . The TinyCrypt Library provides an implementation for constrained devices of a minimal set of standard cryptography primitives. TinyCrypt HMAC- SHA-256 AES-128 ECC-DH SHA256 HMAC- AES-CBC AES-CTR ECC-DSA PRNG mode mode AES- CMAC AES-CCM CTR- mode mode PRNG Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 20 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Customer Apps Intel® system studio for Microcontrollers Zephyr OS (Comms. Stacks) Libs TinyCrypt IPPM Intel® QMSI Intel® Quark™ MCUs D2000 C1000 Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 21 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel® Performance Primitives for Microcontrollers . Supported data types Functional Groups . Fixed point: q15, q31 . Floating point: 32f (using Basic floating point simulation) Fast Math Complex Math Math . Optimization criteria . Size (~1 KB per function) . Performance Statistical Filtering Transform . Accuracy Functions Functions Functions . Power consumption Interpolatio Matrix Controllers n Functions Functions Functions Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 22 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Floating Point Library . Only applicable to Intel® Quark™ Lakemont processor cores . Floating Point . The Floating Point Library emulates basic floating point operations with hardware integer instructions. Compatible with the Intel® MCU Architecture ; supports Intel® Pentium® processor instruction set minus instructions for x87 floating point unit. Fixed point data format . Intel® IPP for Microcontrollers functions operate on fixed-point data in Qn format. Example : X in the Q15 format is X*2-15, with the range of supported values for the Ipp16s data type equal to [-1, 1-2-15]. Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 23 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Customer Apps Intel® system studio for Microcontrollers Zephyr OS (Comms. Stacks) Libs TinyCrypt IPPM Intel® QMSI Intel® Quark™ MCUs D2000 C1000 Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 24 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Zephyr Applications CoAP, MQTT, HTTP, LWM2M DTLS, TLS, .. UDP, TCP Bluetooth Low Energy IPv4, IPv6 6LowPAN Power Management Device Management Device Drivers QMSI Microkernel Nanokernel Optimization Notice Copyright © 2016, Intel Corporation.