Kenai National Wildlife Refuge Species List, version 2017-06-30 Kenai National Wildlife Refuge biology staff June 30, 2017 2 Cover images represent changes to the checklist. Top left: Halobi- sium occidentale observed at Gull Rock, June 8, 2017 (https://www. inaturalist.org/observations/6565787). Image CC BY Matt Bowser. Top right: Aegialites alaskaensis observed at Gull Rock, June 8, 2017 (http://www.inaturalist.org/observations/6612922). Image CC BY Matt Bowser. Bottom left: Fucus distichus observed at Gull Rock, June 8, 2017 (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/6612338). Image CC BY Matt Bowser. Bottom right: Littorina subrotundata observed at Gull Rock, June 8, 2017 (http://www.inaturalist.org/observations/6612398). Image CC BY Matt Bowser. Contents Contents 3 Introduction 5 Purpose............................................................ 5 About the list......................................................... 5 Acknowledgments....................................................... 5 Native species 7 Vertebrates .......................................................... 7 Invertebrates ......................................................... 24 Vascular Plants........................................................ 47 Bryophytes .......................................................... 59 Chromista........................................................... 63 Fungi ............................................................. 63 Protozoa............................................................ 72 Non-native species 73 Vertebrates .......................................................... 73 Invertebrates ......................................................... 73 Vascular Plants........................................................ 74 Extirpated species 77 Vertebrates .......................................................... 77 Vascular Plants........................................................ 77 Images 79 Change log 83 References 85 Index 87 3 Introduction Purpose to avoid implying that any of the provisional names we use are formally accepted by formatting them as proper scien- A primary purpose for which the Kenai National Wildlife tific names. Also, note that our database enforces lower case Refuge was established in the Alaska National Interest letters in our specific epithets so that, for example, \Rab- Lands Conservation Act of 1980 was, \to conserve fish and dophaga sp. BOLD:ADA6450" becomes \Rabdophaga sp. wildlife populations and habitats in their natural diver- bold:ada6450." sity. ," where the term “fish and wildlife" was defined Synonymies we included do not necessarily reflect our as \any member of the animal kingdom, including without opinions and are not intended as statements on correct tax- limitation any mammal, fish, bird. , amphibian, reptile, onomy (we generally follow ITIS); rather, synonymns are mollusk, crustacean, arthropod or other invertebrate." An included in the index as an aid to the reader to help find obvious first step toward fulfilling this purpose is to know taxa for which names may have changed. what fish and wildlife, habitats, and natural diversity are to In the checklist non-native species are indicated with a be conserved. This checklist is intended to be a frequently- dagger symbol (y) and species represented by both native updated document reflecting our current knowledge of which and non-native populations are indicated with a double dag- living things call the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge home. ger symbol (z). This list is dynamic and far from perfect with many changes and corrections yet to be made. Please About the list send comments and corrections to Matt Bowser at matt [email protected]. The present list includes a total of 2,101 species. Of these, 2,007 are considered to be native, 89 species are consid- ered to be non-native, and five species are represented Acknowledgments by both native and non-native populations. Eighteen non- native species are believed to have been extirpated from the Thanks and credit are due to many people who have re- Refuge. viewed this list, provided identifications, and helped in other Since the last version of this list (Kenai National Wildlife ways. The list below is by no means exhaustive. Refuge biology staff, 2017) where 2,075 species were listed, there has been a net increase of 26 species added. See the James Bergdahl (Conservation Biology Center, Spokane, change log (page 83) for details. Washington) reviewed and made helpful comments on The list was produced from an in-house database using the Refuge's list of Carabidae. ITIS (http://www.itis.gov) for its taxonomic backbone. Ac- cordingly, names and hierarchies generally follow ITIS ex- Peter Hovingh provided a list of leeches (Hirudinea) col- cept where taxa are not represented in ITIS. lected on the Refuge. Although accepted scientific names are used wherever these are known, we have included provisional identifications John Hudson (USFWS, Juneau, Alaska) provided lists of (for example, \Typhula sp.") where these represent the best Odonata observed on the Refuge. information available. Species recognized only as molecu- Richard Payne (University of York, Heslington, UK) pro- lar operational taxonomic units are also included, mainly vided a list of protists from Jigsaw Lake from Payne entities recognized by Barcode Index Numbers (BINs, Rat- et al.(2006). nasingham and Hebert, 2013). We have chosen not to fol- low the usual convention of italicizing genus and species David Wartinbee (retired from Kenai Peninsula College, names because our current system does not enable us to Soldotna, Alaska) shared a list of Chironomidae he had handle accepted and provisional names separately. We want collected on the Refuge. 5 Native species occurring on the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge Vertebrates Common names: Steelhead Literature records: Kyle(1992): iNaturalist observations: Phylum Chordata 811982, 1814201 Class Actinopterygii Oncorhynchus nerka Order Cypriniformes Common names: Sockeye salmon or kokanee Literature records: Kyle(1992) iNaturalist observations: Family Catostomidae 1021584 Catostomus catostomus Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Common names: Longnose sucker Common names: Chinook salmon or king salmon Image(s):1 Prosopium cylindraceum Taxonomic notes: Two forms have been documented from the Refuge: the typical form and a semi-dwarf form known from Wolf Common names: Round whitefish and Finger Lakes (Dean and Rickabough, 2005). Literature records: Kyle(1992) Distribution and trends: Widespread across Alaska, northern Salvelinus alpinus North America, and into Arctic Siberia (Page and Burr, 1991), this Common names: Arctic char species is present in the Kenai River and Swanson River watersheds on the Refuge (Dean and Rickabough, 2005). Salvelinus malma Biology: Catostomus catostomus is a bottom-feeder, consuming Common names: Dolly varden mainly invertebrates (Mansfield, 2004). Literature records: Kyle(1992) iNaturalist observations: : Dean and Rickabough(2005), Friedersdorff Literature records 811997 (1986), Friedersdorff and Jakubas(1984a), Friedersdorff and Jakubas (1984b) Salvelinus namaycush Common names: Lake trout Order Gasterosteiformes Literature records: Kyle(1992) Family Gasterosteidae Order Scorpaeniformes Gasterosteus aculeatus Common names: Threespine stickleback Family Cottidae Image(s):2 Cottus aleuticus Literature records: Friedersdorff and Jakubas(1984a), Kyle (1992), Sprehn et al.