COMPETING POWERS IN RAVENNA Political Military Episcopal EMPERORS Honorius Stilicho Ursus –th Aug – mm c. –th Apr John, notarius Castinus Sep –May – mm Valentinian III Peter I rd Oct – –st Jul Empress Galla Placidia Boniface – d. Nov mm Aetius – mm Faustus – and PP Neon c. –th Feb Avitus Ricimer th Jul –th Oct – mm Marjorian th Dec –nd Aug Libius Severus th Nov –th Nov Anthemius th Apr –th Jul Glycerius Exuperantius rd Mar –th Jun c. –nd May Julius Nepos Jun –th Aug Romulus Augustulus st Oct –rd Aug KINGS Odoacer Basilius John I rd Aug –st Mar PP –th May Theoderic Liberius st Mar –th Aug – PP Cassiodorus Peter II – PP –rd Dec – Decius – PP Powers in Ravenna Table_01A Political Military Episcopal Faustus – PP Albinus – PP Opilio Aurelianus before PP d. th May Abundantius –th May PP Athalaric Ecclesius –nd Oct –th Jul Iohannes before PP Avienus – PP Queen Amalasuintha Ursicinus st Aug – –th Sep with Theodad Nov –Nov Witiges Fidelis Victor Nov –May – PP – Reparatus –th Feb PP Athanasius – PP Ildibad Belisarius – briey PP Earic Totila/Baduila Maximinus Maximian –Jun PP th Oct –nd Feb Teias Jul – EMPERORS Justinian Narses May – – PP Antiochus PP Aurelianus at Ravenna – Powers in Ravenna Table_01B Political Military Episcopal Pamphronius Agnellus –/ PP th Jun –st Aug Justin II Longinus – c. – PP Peter III th Sep –th Aug Sisinnius c. at Susa mm Baduarius – kouropalates son-in-law of Justin II Tiberius John II, the Roman – nd Nov –th Jan Maurice Decius – c. Smaragdus c. – vir praecelsus exarchus Julianus ? Romanus exarch – Marinianus – Georgius –th Oct PP Gregorius PP John PP Callinicus – patricius et exarchus EXARCHS John (seal) Theopemptus (seal) Akataphronius (seal) Powers in Ravenna Table_01C Political Military Episcopal John (seal) Phokas Smaragdus John III – – –/? exarchus Italiae Herakleios Photios – ?– John I John IV ?– killed ?/– Eleutherios, eunuch – rebelled and killed by soldiers from Ravenna army at Lucioli Gregorios – patricius Romanorum Isaac Bonus – –th Aug / Constans II Theodore Calliopas Maurus – – /– Platon c. Olympios – Theodore Calliopas –? Gregorios II Maurus ?–st Mar d. Constantine IV Theodore II Reparatus – – –th Jul Anastasios Theodore c. – (seal) –th Jan / Theocharistos (seal) Justinian II John Platyn II Damian – –? murdered –th Mar / Leontios – Tiberios Apsimar Theophylaktos – – Justinian II second reign John III Felix – c. –? th Mar –th Nov / Powers in Ravenna Table_01D Political Military Episcopal John Rizokopos – Eutychios – Philippikos – Anastasios II Scholastikios – –? Stephanos c. – (seal) Theodosios III – Leo III Paul the patrician John V – – /– Eutychios – Constantine V – LOMBARD KINGS Liutprand Pope Zacharias Sergius /– rd Dec –th Mar ?/–th Aug Aistulf Pope Stephen II – th Mar –th Apr Pippin, King of the Franks, rst campaign in Italy, , presents Ravenna to Pope Stephen II, Peace of Trevi. Second campaign , insists on donation Desiderius Pope Paul I – th May –th Jun Pope Stephen III th Aug –th Jan Charles incorporated the kingdom of Italy and thereafter dukes appointed by Charles probably ruled the city of Ravenna FRANKISH RULERS Charles Pope Hadrian Archbishop Leo – th Feb –th Dec c. –th Feb / Charles/Emperor Leo IV John VI – c. –th Jul Charles/Constantine VI Gratiosus – c. –rd Feb / Empress Irene Valerius – –th Jan / Powers in Ravenna Table_01E Political Military Episcopal Emperor Charlemagne Martin – c. /– Bernard, son of Pippin Pope Leo III – th Dec –th Jun Louis the Pious Pope Paschal th Jun –th Jun – Lothar king of Italy Pope Gregory II Petronax – – c. – Lothar emperor – Louis II Pope Sergius II George – – c. – mm magister militum PP Praetorian Prefect Many dates are best guesses; often the death date of bishops found on their tombs is the clearest indication, though it may not coincide with the literary evidence. Powers in Ravenna Table_01F.