INDEX A bingxi 冰嬉,34 Abel-Rémusat, Jean-Pierre, 56, 56n2 Bingxitu 冰嬉圖,35 agathon, 218 Blacky, 82, 83 Alibaba, 105, 111n17, 147, 148 Boao Forum, 122, 124, 124n34, 151 alienation, 6, 174 Bohunt School in Liphook, 162 of labor, 6, 240 book and zither, 39–45 All-China Women’s Federation, 240 book-burning and scholars buried alive Analects of Confucius,3 焚書坑儒, 212–13 Annals of National Statistics, 156 Book of Change, 19, 204–7, 222 anti-corruption campaign, 105, 126, Book of Documents, 204, 222 178, 179, 231, 234 Book of Family Names, 191 Anti-Rightist Campaign, 74–6, 85 Book of Music, 204 ant tribe, 167–9 Book of Poetry,15–16, 42, 42n79, Aquinas, Thomas, 218 42n80, 204 Aristotle, 2, 5, 216–19 Book of Rites, 2n3, 10n3, 14, 14n10, axial age, 2, 219 14n11, 17n19, 37, 37n65, 204 Boxer Rebellion, 59 Buddha. See Shakyamuni B Buddhism, 11, 33n56, 205–8 Baidu, 105, 111n17, 148, 171 introduction to China, 67 Baoguohui 保國會,51 introduced to the West, 56 becoming human, 6 Buddhists, 10, 28, 58, 77, 207, 219, 221 Bible, 219 Buddhist sutras, 58 Note: Page numbers with ‘n’ denote notes. © The Author(s) 2017 255 Huidi Ma, Er Liu, Traditional Chinese Leisure Culture and Economic Development, DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-59253-8 256 INDEX C Chinese tunic suit (zhongshan zhuang), Caigentan 菜根譚,46 68–70 Cai Yong (styled Bojie), 27, 44n86 Chinese zither, 21 campaign against drugs and Churchill, Winston, 204 prostitution, 70–1 civil servants, 159, 176–80, 233 Castiglione, Giuseppe, 208 Coase, Ronald, 97, 97n1 CCP. See Chinese Communist Party The Communist Manifesto, 226 (CCP) Complete Biography of Emperor Chang, Peng-chun, 137 Qianlong,58 character cultivation, 3, 18, 24 Confucianism, 11, 16, 62, 143, 206–8, Che Ying, 36 210, 211, 235 Chen Duxiu, 61, 61n17, 62, 62n22, classics, 27, 194, 204, 224, 227, 242, 62n23, 210, 226, 226n17 243 Chen Jiru, 32, 32n55 and the Declaration on Fundamental Chen Yinque, 219 Human Rights and Freedoms, cheongsam, 68–70 136 China as land of courtesy and doctrine of the Mean, 19n24, 24n35, propriety, 4 66, 205, 207, 224 China dream, 7 dominance in Han Dynasty, 48–9 Chinese Characteristics, 138, 138n56, ethics, 205, 211 138n57, 139, 140, 141n60, 205, on governing the state, 210 228, 233 ideal of, 216 Chinese Communist Party (CCP), introduced to the West, 234 24n63, 89, 90n75, 226, 226n17, on music, 43 226n18, 226n20, 228, 230–2 and the New Culture Movement, anti-corruption campaign, 126 62–4 Central Commission for Discipline on profit, 221 Inspection, 230–1 ren (benevolence), 14 Charter of, 228 values, 64 confronts problem of human rights, Confucians, 2, 10, 26, 27, 205, 221, 141 223 decisions regarding reform of Confucius, 3, 13, 14, 17, 23, 26, 33, 66, economic system, 101 77, 137, 204, 219, 235, 242 founding of, 226 cemetery of, 77 legitimacy of, 230 compilation of the classics by, 93 third plenary session of the 11th political campaign to denounce, Central Committee, 89, 100 72, 75 Chinese Dama (中國大媽), 108, and qingtan, 30 134n50 and traveling, 17 Chinese learning, 64, 204–7, 212 on wealth and power, 221 Chinese People’s Political Consultative on work and leisure, 30, 52 Conference, 129, 231 Confucius Institutes, 243 INDEX 257 consumer psychology, 113–15 E consumption potential, 126–7, 128 educational professionals, 182–5 consumption structure, 123–9 eight great essayists (of the Tang-Song Credit Suisse, 105, 105n11 period), 23, 44n88 cruise, 111, 111n19 Eight-Nation Allied Forces, 59 cruise ship, 111 Eight Zeroes, 186 cuju 蹴鞠,34 elderly, 7, 108, 125, 142, 150, 154, cultural capital, 7, 41, 201, 248 156, 158, 162, 249 of China, 242–4 of Beijing, 198 Cultural Revolution, 5, 69, 75n53, and Beijing opera, 199 76–89, 93, 95, 98–100, 118, 196, care for, 132, 133 199, 213, 213n8, 228, 231, 233 disabled, 198 leisure life, 198, 200 and pets, 197 D recreational facilities for, 194 Daily Life in China on the Eve of the rural, 190–6 Mongol Invasion, 27n42, 28n43, urban, 196–200 29n44, 36, 36n63, 38n66 women, 192, 198, 199 Daodejing 道德經. See Laozi elegance and taste in leisure life, 30–47 Daoguang-Xianfeng Era, 58 Emperor Ming (Han Dynasty), 208 Deng Xiaoping, 69, 101–2, 101n6, Emperor Mu (Jin Dynasty), 32 102n7, 102n9, 118, 186n33, 196, empty-nest family, 156 210, 231, 233 The End of Work, 239, 239n43 The Depressed Chinese, 235, 235n39 enemy (radio) stations, 75 Dictionary of Modern Chinese, 93, 93n82 dink family, 156 F doctors, 180–2 family-centered learning, 220–5 The Doctrine of the Mean, 19n24, family instructions 家訓,4,24–8, 41, 24n35, 205, 224 219, 220 Dong Qichang, 18 The Fearful Chinese, 235, 235n39 Dong Zhongshu, 207 Fei Xiaotong, 25, 25n36 Do not let the child lose at the starting fenggu 風骨,31 line, 160–2 Feng Qiu Huang 鳳求凰,43 Double Ninth Festival, 195 Feng Youlan, 66–8, 67n36, 67n37 Down to the Countryside Movement, fengyun 風韻,31 79, 81–3, 95 feudal-bourgeois-revisionist, 80 Dragon Boat Festival 端午, 121, 195 Five-Year Plan Dream of the Red Chamber, 37, 57 11th, 128 duanzi 段子, 156, 156n5, 157 12th, 102, 103n10 Duke of Zhou, 25, 25n37, 211 13th, 118, 134–6, 149, 151, 173; Du Yaquan, 211 features of, 135 258 INDEX folk belief, 219–25 Gu Jiegang, 62n19, 213, 213n9 four news, 76–8 Gu Yanwu, 31n48, 33, 33n57 four olds, 76–8, 213, 213n8, 215 Guangling San 廣陵散, 44, 44n87 Foxconn Technology Group, 173 Gui yuantian ju 歸園田居,22 Frankfurt School, 240 Guo Songtao, 234, 234n32 free time, 20, 169 Guoyu 國語, 51, 52, 52n105 in agrarian China, 27, 34 of civil servants, 177, 178 and consumerism, 96 H for cultural pursuits, 186 Haitang Poetry Club, 57 increase of, 112, 113 Han Kehua, 119 meaning of xian, 92 Hanfeizi 韓非子, 222 of old people, 195 He Shuheng, 226 spent with children, 188 Hegel, Georg W. F., 56, 96, 96n87, and TV, 194, 239, 241 227, 236 Fromm, Eric, 240, 240n45 Heidegger, Martin, 56 Fu Sinian, 62n19 hermit, 22–4, 30 Fu Ssu-nien. See Fu Sinian Hermit Culture, 22–4 Homo Ludens, 34, 34n59 Houhan Shu 後漢書,48 G How China Became Capitalist, 97n1 games, 4, 29, 30, 34–7, 61, 66, 68, 88, Hu Jintao, 229–30, 230n28 89, 242 Hu Ping, 91, 92n78 A General Plan for National Hu Shi, 62, 62n19, 63, 63n28, 63n29, Construction, 60, 60n11 65, 65n34, 210 Gernet, Jacques, 27, 27n42, 28n43, Hu Shih. See Hu Shi 29n44, 36, 36n63, 38, 38n66 Hu Yaobang, 228–9 girlfriend/boyfriend rental, 170, Hua Guofeng, 228 170n17 Huang Jingren, 214, 214n10 Global Wealth Report, 105, 105n11 Huawei, 105 golden mean, 10 Huicai Brigade, 81 golden weeks, 6, 94–5, 109, 109n13, Huizinga, Johan, 34, 34n59 120, 121, 201, 243, 250 Hujia Shibapai 胡笳十八拍,43 gongfu 功夫,21 humanism, 218 external, 21 human rights, 38, 69, 98, 99, 102, hard, 21 174 internal, 21 in China, 136–45 light, 21 UN declaration on, 136 Great Leap Forward, 72–3 Hundred Days’ Reform, 51, 234 Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Hurun Global Rich List, 116, 116n26 144, 144n64 Hurun Institute, 116 Gu Hongming, 210, 235 hutong 胡同,87 INDEX 259 I Lanting, 31, 32 Ice-drinking Room Collected Works, 139 Lanting Xu 蘭亭序,32 The Importance of Living, 16n17, 66 Laozi, 2, 3, 5, 11, 14, 15, 17, 20, 31, inner alchemy, 21 33, 56, 66, 137, 205, 207, 219, intellectual mercenaries, 215, 216 220 interest class, 160–2 discussed in qingtan, 31, 33 Internet +, 126, 192 and traveling, 17, 18 on the Way (Dao), 7 on wuwei, 14 J Laozi (Daodejing), 17, 56, 205, 219 Jaspers, Karl, 2 Larry H. P. Lang, 115, 116n25 Ji Kang, 31n50, 44 left-behind children 留守兒童, 155, Jiang Zemin, 229, 231 192, 192n38 Jiangnan, 50 legend of high scores, 164 Jia’ningling 假寧令,49 Leisure jiaxue 家學,47 the Basis of Culture,5 Jiezishu 誡子書, 20, 221 leisure consumption, 103–6 Jin Dynasty, 30, 32, 32n52, 36, 49 li 禮 (courtesy), 25 Julien, Stanislas, 56, 56n3 Li Dazhao, 63, 63n24, 63n26, 63n27, 210, 226, 226n18 Li Keqiang, 124, 124n35, 125n36, 126, K 126n38, 130, 151, 152 Kang Youwei, 51, 234n35, 234n36 Li Shangyin, 29, 222 Kangxi (emperor), 11, 50, 51, 56–9 Liang Qichao, 61, 61n16, 139, 139n59, Kangxi Zidian 康熙字典, 11, 92 234n35, 234n36 Kangxi-Qianlong Era, 51, 56–9 Liang Shiqiu, 66 Kant, Immanuel, 7, 144, 144n64, 227 Liang Sicheng, 83, 83n65, 84, 84n67, King Tang of Shang, 149 85n68, 86n70, 88n71 King Wen of Zhou, 25, 205 Liang Xiaosheng, 235, 235n38, 235n39 King Wu of Zhou, 9, 14, 25n37, 52, lidong 立冬 (solar term), 48, 48n96 211 Life Weekly,64 King Zhou of Shang, 205 Lin Yusheng, 224, 224n14 Kong Anguo, 212 Lin Yutang, 2, 12, 12n8, 16, 16n17, Kong Rong, 36, 36n64 66–7 Kongque Dongnan Fei 孔雀東南飛,37 Liu Ji, 42 KPMG and Meilihui, 126 Liu Mengxi, v, 69, 70n42, 212n6, Ku Chieh-kang. See Gu Jiegang 219n13 Liu Shaoqi, 69 liushu 六書, 40, 40n73 L lu€ 旅 (to travel), 16, 18 Lang, Larry H.P., 115, 116, 116n25 Lu Hsun. See Lu Xun Lantern Festival, 49, 50, 195 Lu Xun, 62n19, 139, 210, 225n15 260 INDEX M missionary, American, 138 Ma Yun (Jack), 117, 147 missionary, Western, 50, 58 Maddison, Angus, 56, 56n1 motorhome, 108, 111–12 mahjong, 37, 63, 65, 65n31, 192, 194, Mozi, 137 199, 251 M-shaped consumption, 115–16, Mao suit. See Chinese tunic suit 116n25 (zhongshan zhuang) M-shaped society, 115, 115n24 Mao Zedong, 69–71, 73, 73n50, 76, Mulan Ci 木蘭辭,37 78n57, 81, 81n62, 82n64, 83–4, Muslim Uprising, 59 100, 186n33, 226–8, 231, 233, My Country and My People,66 237n41 death, 228 Quotations from Chairman Mao, N 78, 82 Nanxunji 南巡記,50 Selected Works, 78, 227n24, 237n41 National Bureau of Statistics, 99n3, and ‘serve the people,’ 130 103n10, 127n41, 128n42, 240 Maoist era, 196 national character, 139, 141, 144 Marcuse, Herbert, 6, 240, 240n44 of the Chinese, 60, 138–41, 143, Maritime Silk Road, 126 144, 235 market of ideas, 150–1 National People’s Congress, 124, 133, Marx, Karl, 154, 236, 240, 244