VOLUME 265. NUMBER 3. JUNE 1993 JPETAB 265 (3) 1039-i 567 (1993) ISSN 0022-3565 1Iaak MIH W 2 5 SROOKrJAIF P1A MFn: 1’h#{149}iF The Journal of PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS A Publication of The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Founded by John J. Abel-1909 Edited for the Society by John A. Harvey Published by Williams & Wilkins COPYRIGHT © 1993 BY THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS VIDEO TRACKERS MEASURE ANIMAL ACTIVITY Videomex-V tracks black or white images Videomex-X tracks multiple colors Can work as interfaces to IBM-PC computers )VEI1V! Columbue Multiple Zone Dietance Traveled Experiment number 4 Dietancee are in cm VIDEQMEX-V VERTICAL ACTIVITY SETUP Timee are in meconde c- Zone Map: HORIZONTAL -> ACTIVITY 3333 11111 44 333333 11111 444444 333333 11111 444444 333333 11111 444444 33333311111444444 333331111144444 3333111114444 MONITOR 33311111444 2222222222111i122222222221 22222222222111222222222222 - -- I 22222222222212222222222222 ---- 22222222222111222222222222 - -- 22222222221111122222222222 6tii1115 I - 666661111155555 -- - -- 66666611111555555 - - ------ 666666 11111 555555 GC6666 11111 555555 - - - CGGC66 11111 555555 - - --- - GGGG 11111 5555 - - VERTiCAL GG 11111 55 ACTIVITY MAZES ‘ #{231}j VIDEOMEX-V VERTICAL ACTIVITY SETUP The Videomex-V is ideal for use VIDEOMEX-V SOFTWARE FOR with mazes. It prints pattern of Now, with two (2) television WATER MAZE movement, time spent in each maze cameras, the Videomex-V can branch (area), number of visits, etc This software plots patterns of movement, measures dis- measure both Horizontal and The user can design the shape of the tance traveled and time taken by the animal to reach the goal Vertical activity. platform in a Water Maze. maze and zones using a computer mouse or Videomex-V controls. NEW! !I \ ( : vyyv i _:_ L-1i:: MULTIPLE ANIMALS IN MULTIPLE CAGES BACKGROUND MASKING & WATER STUDIES SMALL OBJECTS FILTER Now multiple animals in multiple cages The Videomex-V is ideal for can be measured according to patterns The Videomex-V provides the perfect method to measure measuring fish activity. Observa- of movement, distances traveled and primate activity behind cage bars by being able to “mask tions can be done either from a top time each animal spends in each zone out” areas not of interest to the study. The Videomex-V view, side view or both the side of their own cage. Each animal cage tracks the animal and measures distance traveled even with and top views of an aquarium. It can be partitioned into multiple zones. solid cage bars between the animal and television camera. can track a single fish or measure This is a very economical solution for New! Small objects can be eliminated making. Videomex-V insensitive to animal feces, tracking the general level of activity of a multiple cage studies. school of fish. only the largest object in the field. VIDEOMEX-X MULTI-COLOR SYSTEM The Videomex-X Multi-Color System can track up to 6 separate color markers on either animals or humans. It digitizes the image and calculates the X-Y coordinates of color marked objects 60 times per second and transfers the data in real time to an IBM-PC/AT’s hard disk. It’s ideal for tracking multiple animal activity when animals share the same space. Software is available for tracking patterns of movement, social contact, distance traveled, time spent in different zones, etc. One exceptional application for this is in human biomechanics. LAB ANIMAL RESEARCH EQUIPMENT CATALOG NOW AVAILABLE. PLEASE CONTACT US FOR MORE INFORMATION AT: COLUMBUS INSTRUMENTS INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION P.O. Box 44049 Columbus, Ohio 43204 USA PH: (614) 276-0861 FAX: (614) 276-0529 TLX: 246514 Toll Free In USA: 1-800-669-5011 The Editor of The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics wishes to express appreciation to the following colleagues who acted as Guest Editors for Specific Fields in 1992. Martin W. Adler Kenneth Johnson Edson X. Albuquerque Rudolph L. Juliano Lewis Aronow David D. Ku Carl K. Buckner John S. Lazo Marie Francoise Chesselet Irwin Lucki Theodore J. Cicero Donald E. McMillan David E. Clarke Lawrence Middaugh Marlene L. Cohen William H. Morse Max Costa David L. Nelson Charles R. Craig Saul M. Schanberg Stephen K. Fisher Kenneth J. Simansky Alan Frazer Roger D. Spealman Ray W. Fuller Jack W. Strandhoy Gerald L. Gebber Boris Tabakoff Stephen G. Holtzman R. Clinton Webb E. H. Jeffrey Michael Williams Additionally, sincere thanks are due to 1060 of our colleagues not on the Editorial Advisory Board who reviewed articles for the Journal in 1992. Their contributions are acknowledged individually in the Annual Report of The Journal to The Board of Publications Trustees of The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. INDEX Volume 265, April-June, 1993 A231877, endothelium-dependent relaxa- anisms in myocytes (guinea pigs), propranobol plasma concentration tion of aorta, L- and D-enantiomers, 1527 (humans), 681 NGnitroarginine (rats), 112 Acylcarnitines, long-chain, permeability immunomodulatory effects, morphine Abe, Y., Kitada, Y. and Narimatsu, A.: Ef- and morphology, colonic mucosa (rats), 1079 fect of MCI-154, a cardiotonic agent, (rats), 955 inotropic and beta blocking effects, chi- on regional contractile function and AD-5423, haloperidol and, pharmacological meric molecule (dogs), 1105 myocardial oxygen consumption in activities, antipsychotic efficacy and/ beta-i, mechanism of action, denopamine the presence and absence of coronary or adverse side effects (rats), 745 (rabbits), 1292 artery stenosis in dogs, 819 Adenine, pharmacological characterization beta-i and beta-2, desensitization, lipo- Abreu, M. E., see Clissold, D. B., 876 of N-0840, 227 lytic responses of adipocytes (ham- Abreu, M. E., see Karbon, E. W., 866 Adenosine sterS), 237 Absence, precipitated agonists, ventilation effects (monkeys), beta-2, independent relaxation in aorta, chronic diazepam (dogs), 1152 971 tyramine (rats), 1096 concentration-response curves, opiate-dc- Al-selective agonist RG14202 (pigs), 699 beta prejunctional, modulation of sympa- pendent ileum (guinea pigs), 1519 effects of lemakalim, comparison of vaso- thetic neurotransmission, mesentery Acetylcholine dilators (dogs), 1026 (rats), 657 cholinergic interaction, atpha-2 adreno- metabolite, inhibition, proliferation of comparison of vasodilators, lemakalim ceptor-mediated antinociception nontransformed cells (mice), 790 (dogs), 1026 (sheep), 536 Adenosine triphosphatase, inhibitors, inhi- contractile responses in vas deferens, effects of lemakalim, comparison of vaso- bition of relaxation, nitroglycerin atrial natriuretic peptide, inhibition dilators (dogs), 1026 and atrial natriuretic factor (rabbits), of purinergic component (guinea endothelium-dependent relaxation of 1187 pigs), 920 aorta, L- and D-enantiomers, N’-ni- Adenosine triphosphate pharmacokinetics and pharmacody- tro-arginine (rats), 112 P2 purinergic receptors namics, normal children and adoles- extracellular human breast tumor cells, 1499 cents, 1232 increased levels, sigma ligands in fron- pharmacological characterization, re- Adrenochrome, implication of oxygen radi- tal cortex (rats), 851 novasculature (rats), 334 cals, metabolism of cycbosporine A microdialysis, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9- -sensitive potassium channel and FK-506, liver microsomes (rats, aminoacridine, striatum (rats), 759 action potential durations, minoxidil humans), 1047 pharmacological characterization, reno- sulfate-induced shortening (guinea Aging, stereoselective pharmacokinetics and vascular P2 purinergic receptors pigs), 1527 pharmacodynamics, verapamil (hu- (rats), 334 blocker glyburide, natriuretic proper- mans), 690 receptors and nicotinic binding sites, ties (rats), 933 Ahmed, S. S., Strobe!, H. W., Napoli, K. L. neuroblastoma clone line (humans), cardioprotection with zofenopril, myo- and Grevel, J.: Adrenochrome reac- 294 cardial ischemia (rats), 609 tion implicates oxygen radicals in responses of circular myometrium, pro- no abolishment of preconditioning, is- metabolism of cyclosporine A and gesterone and mifepristone, oxytocin chemic heart (rats), 559 FK-506 in rat and human liver mi- (rats), 1205 relaxation of coronary arteries, calci- crosomes, 1047 N-Acetylcysteine, inhibition of angiotensin tonin gene-related peptide (pigs), 490 AIDS, gastrointestinal and hepatic first- converting enzyme (rats), 1239 Adenylate cyclase, short-term desensitiza- pass elimination, 2’,3’-dideoxyino- N-Acetyl fl-endorphin(1-31), substance P tion, muscarinic m2 receptors, cere- sine (rats), 731 and, supraspinal antinociception, mu bellar granule cells (rats), 433 Airway, smooth muscle, functional role, opioid and alpha-2 adrenoceptors Adipocytes, lipolytic responses, desensiti- phosphodiesterase isozymes (hu- (mice), 835 zation, beta-i and beta-2 adrenocep- mans), 1213 N-Acetyl-neurotensin(8-13), inhibition of tors (hamsters), 237 Akaike, A., see Tamura, Y., 1017 vascular leakage, tissue injury (rats), Adrenal gland, pharmacological character- Albuquerque, E. X., see Alkondon, M., 1455 619 ization, SR 47436 (rats, dogs, mon- Albuquerque, E. X., see Pereira, E. F. R., Acetylsalicylic acid, airway smooth muscle keys), 826 1474 function during development, Bay K Adrenoceptors Albuquerque, M. L., see Kurth, C. D., 587 8644 and CGP 28392 (guinea pigs), alpha, functional characterization, intra- Aldershvile, J., see Boesgaard, S., 1239 524 renal arteries (rabbits), 807 Aldrich, P. E., see Wong, P. C., 1088 Acid, secretion