Australian War Memorial Heritage Management Plan Final Report Prepared by Godden Mackay Logan Heritage Consultants for the Australian War Memorial January 2011 Report Register The following report register documents the development and issue of the report entitled Australian War Memorial—Heritage Management Plan, undertaken by Godden Mackay Logan Pty Ltd in accordance with its quality management system. Godden Mackay Logan operates under a quality management system which has been certified as complying with the Australian/New Zealand Standard for quality management systems AS/NZS ISO 9001:2008. Job No. Issue No. Notes/Description Issue Date 06-0420 1 Draft Report July 2008 06-0420 2 Second Draft Report August 2008 06-0420 3 Third Draft Report September 2008 06-0420 4 Fourth Draft Report April 2009 06-0420 5 Final Draft Report (for public comment) September 2009 06-0420 6 Final Report January 2011 Contents Page Glossary of Terms Abbreviations Conservation Terms Sources Executive Summary......................................................................................................................................i How To Use This Report .............................................................................................................................v 1.0 Introduction............................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Background..........................................................................................................................................1 1.2 Previous Conservation Management Plans .......................................................................................1 1.3 Location of the Site..............................................................................................................................2 1.4 Heritage Listings..................................................................................................................................2 1.5 The AWM Heritage Register...............................................................................................................3 1.6 Limitations............................................................................................................................................4 1.7 Authorship............................................................................................................................................4 1.8 Endnotes..............................................................................................................................................7 2.0 Understanding the Place......................................................................................................................9 2.1 The Topographic Context....................................................................................................................9 2.2 Aboriginal Cultural Heritage ................................................................................................................9 2.2.1 Cultural and Historical Context.....................................................................................................9 2.2.2 Aboriginal Archaeological Sensitivity .........................................................................................10 2.3 Historical Context...............................................................................................................................11 2.4 Description of the Place ....................................................................................................................14 2.4.1 The Main War Memorial Building...............................................................................................15 2.4.2 The Commemorative Area.........................................................................................................15 2.4.3 The Galleries...............................................................................................................................21 2.4.4 The Dioramas .............................................................................................................................22 2.4.5 ANZAC Hall.................................................................................................................................23 2.4.6 The Outpost Café .......................................................................................................................23 2.4.7 The Administration Building........................................................................................................24 2.4.8 CEW Bean Building....................................................................................................................24 2.4.9 The Landscape...........................................................................................................................24 2.4.10 The Lone Pine ..........................................................................................................................25 2.4.11 The Sculpture Garden ..............................................................................................................26 2.4.12 Site Vegetation and Natural Heritage ......................................................................................26 2.4.13 Remembrance Driveway..........................................................................................................27 2.5 Endnotes............................................................................................................................................28 3.0 Assessment of Heritage Values........................................................................................................31 3.1 Identifying Heritage Values ...............................................................................................................31 3.1.1 Heritage Value ............................................................................................................................31 3.1.2 Indigenous Heritage Values .......................................................................................................31 3.1.3 Natural Heritage Values .............................................................................................................32 Australian War Memorial—Heritage Management Plan—Final Report, January 2011 3.2 Commonwealth and National Heritage Criteria................................................................................32 3.2.1 Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cwlth)................................32 3.3 The Methods Used to Assess the Values ........................................................................................33 3.4 Assessments of the Heritage Values of the AWM ...........................................................................34 3.4.1 Other Values ...............................................................................................................................37 3.5 Statements of Heritage Values for the Component Parts of AWM .................................................39 3.6 Summary of the Heritage Values......................................................................................................43 3.7 Tolerance for Change of the Heritage Values..................................................................................43 3.8 Endnotes............................................................................................................................................46 4.0 Legislative and Management Framework Affecting Conservation Issues.................................47 4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................47 4.2 The Legislative and Management Framework.................................................................................47 4.2.1 Australian War Memorial Act 1980 (Cwlth)................................................................................47 4.2.2 Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cwlth)................................48 4.2.3 Statutory Listings—Commonwealth...........................................................................................50 4.2.4 Statutory Listings—ACT .............................................................................................................51 4.2.5 Non-statutory Listings.................................................................................................................51 4.2.6 Australian Capital Territory (Planning and Land Management) Act 1988 (Cwlth) ...................52 4.2.7 National Memorials Ordinance 1928 .........................................................................................54 4.3 Key Conservation Issues Analysis....................................................................................................54 4.3.1 Visitation Numbers......................................................................................................................54 4.3.2 Condition of the Heritage Values ...............................................................................................55 4.3.3 Ongoing Management Issues ....................................................................................................56 4.3.4 Indigenous Cultural Issues .........................................................................................................57