Vol 11, Issue 4 , April/ 2020 ISSN NO: 0377-9254 MINERAL COMPOSITION OF EDIBLE MOMORDICA CYMBALARIA FENZL MARUTI D. SATPUTE1, NAVNATH M. PISE2* AND DATTATRAY K. GAIKWAD3 1Associate Professor, Botany Department, K.B.P. Mahavidyalaya Pandharpur, Maharashtra, India - 403 304 2 Assistant Professor, Botany Department, Veer Wajekar ASC College, Phunde, Navi Mumbai, India – 400 007 3 Professor, Botany Department, Shivaji University Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India - 416 004. Abstract - The fruit extract of tuber, stem, contain higher level of Calcium and Iron, content of leaves, fruits and seeds of Momordica this species is two times higher than that of M. cymbalaria Fenzl were analyzed for mineral charantia. Its versatile utility as a nutritious composition by inductively coupled plasma vegetable, folk medicine and functional food atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The ingredient prompted us to undertake the study on this mineral concentrations were ranges, as N, 0.72- multipurpose plant. 3.64; P, 0.18-0.31; K, 3.7-5.0, Ca, 5.65-50.0; Mg, The feasible alternative is to explore additional 2.35-4.76; Na, 1-12.5 and S, 13.45-20.96 sources of food and minimize the load on production (gm/100gm dry weight), Fe, 2.14-4.32; Zn, 1.2- of conventional food plants. The plant is disease 4.03; Mn, 2.99-6.0; Cu, Mo, 13-85.87 and B, 5.6- resistant and its fruits have medicinal value. The plant 19.8 (ppm dry weight). Mineral composition of is used as hypoglycemic, antidiabetic and hypo- M. cymbalaria was found relatively higher as lipidemic (Rao et al., 2001). Its crude fiber decreases compared to the other vegetables, and it is in the absorption of cholesterol form the gut. It delays concurrence with the recent macrobiotic the digestion and conversion of starch in to sugars. recommendation for western countries. Hence Such attribute would be desirable for diabetic patients Bioprospecting of this wild vegetable as food (Gopalan et al., 1993).The present study will helps supplement improves the nutritive value of the to improve knowledge regarding their nutraceutical human diet. properties. 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS Keywords - Minerals, Momordica cymbalaria 2.1. SAMPLE COLLECTION and Nutrition All the samples have been collected from different places along western Maharashtra particularly 1. INTRODUCTION Solapur district India. The collection was made Momordica cymbalaria Fenzl. belongs to family after rainy season from above mentioned locations Cucurbitaceae and locally known as Kadvanchi in October 2015. (Marathi). It is perennial climber prominent only 2.2. Mineral analysis - (Inductively Coupled during the Monsoon season and originating in Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy, ICP-AES) tropical regions of South East Asia and South Indian Samples were brought to the laboratory and states i.e. Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka washed thoroughly with tap water to remove besides Madhyapradesh and Maharashtra. The plant attached epiphytes and adhered dirt particles if any is climbing annual or perennial herb with slender, and dried in the shade. The material was kept in scandent, branched, striate stem and tuberous root. the oven at 110°C for 12 h, pulverized in the The fruits are used as vegetables and pickles by local grinder and sieved through a screen with an inhabitants and are sold in market as wild fruit aperture of 0.5 mm. This powdered material was vegetable during August to November months. It has kept in airtight plastic bottles at room temperature been used in various Asian traditional medicine until analysis. Samples were subjected to acid systems for a long time. The plant is traditionally digestion and analyzed according to the procedure used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and as an described by Farias, et al (2002). Mineralogical antiovulatory agent (Jeyadevi et al., 2012). According analysis was carried out using inductively coupled to Gopalan et al. (1993) the fruits of M. cymbalaria www. jespublication.com Page No:943 Vol 11, Issue 4 , April/ 2020 ISSN NO: 0377-9254 plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES, Zn 4.03± 2.5±0. 3.08± 2.24± 1.2±0 Perkin–Elmer, Optima 2000). All determinations (pp 0.72 03 0.01 0.21 were performed in triplicate and data represented m)Mn 6±1.0 3.74± 4.62± 3.37± 2.99±0 on dry weight basis as mean values} standard (pp 2 0.04 0.03 0.32 .06 m)Hg ND ND ND 4.54± 4.97±0 deviation. (pp 1.01 .01 m)Cu 2.35± 1.41± 1.74± 1.27± 1.13±0 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (pp 1.05 0 0 0 As ND 5.31± 6.95± ND ND Among the analyzed minerals K, 3.7-5.0, Ca, 5.65- m) (pp 0.07 0.08 50.0; Mg, 2.35-4.76 were found to be highest m)Ni ND 1.9±0 2.3±0. 1.1± ND content than the other elements while heavy metals (pp 01 were lower in levels (Table 1). In the tuber sample m)Cd ND 1.14± 1.26± ND ND showed highest sulphur content (15.26 gm/100 g d (pp 0 0.1 Mo 22.54 13±1. 19.41 13.26 85.87± wt), with least concentration of Pb (0.08 mg/100 g m) (pp ±2.01 04 ±0.4 ±1.0 0.52 d wt). The vegetative parts of M. cymbalaria m)B 7.08± 5.6±0. 10.51 13.74 19.8±0 exhibits good source of macro elements i.e. (pp 0.04 9 ±0.06 ±0.91 .04 sulphur, calcium, magnesium, potassium and m)Tot 65.07 56.89 68.98 68.93 140.49 al ±1.1 ±0.88 ±.0.48 ±0.89 ±0.78 sodium. Similar results were reported in ND* below the detection limit. Chlorophytum comosum root tubers, Portulaca Mean values of triplicate determination oleracia and Eulophia ochreata (Aberoumand, ±standard deviation. 2011). M. cymbalaria fruit with seeds also showed good source of macroelements (Ca, S, Mg, Na, K) The value of calcium and phosphorous M. and micro elements (Mo, Mn, Fe, Zn), overall Cymbalarias varied from 5.65 % (seeds) to 50 % approximately similar observations were reported (leaves) for calcium and from 0.16 % (leaves) to in Momordica dioicia fruit (Aberoumand, 2011). 0.31 % (seeds) for phosphorous. Calcium and The values of sodium in the plants varies from 1 phosphorous are associated with each other for (tuber) to 12.25% (leaves) while that of potassium growth and maintenance of bones, teeth and varies from 1.2 (leaves) to 5% (tuber). The ratio of muscles (Okaka et al., 2006). The calcium level in sodium to potassium is less than 1; therefore the leaves studied compared favourably with the consumption of the plants would reduce high blood values reported in some green leafy vegetables pressure disease because Na:K is less than one as consumed in Nigeria and some wild edible leaves recommended by FND (2002). grown in Eastern Amatolia, Turkey (Ladan et al., Table 1. Macro, micro and trace elements of 1996).The phosphorous content was higher than M.cymbalaria determined by ICP-AES that of Ipomeae batatas reported by Antia et al., Min Tube Stem Leave Fruit Seed (2006).Therefore, M. Cymbalaria is a good sources eral r s Na 1±0.0 1.25± 12.5± 8.5±0. 7.5±0. of calcium and phosphorous which aids intestinal (%) 2 0.75 1.25 75 08 absorption because the ratio of Ca: P close to unity K 5±0.0 3.70± 1.2±0. 5±0.3 4.07±0 (Gull-Guerrero et al., 1998). Magnesium content (%) 6 0.05 41 1 .22 varies from 2.35% (seeds) to 4.76% (tuber). These Ca 10.2± 28.85 50±0. 26.85 5.65±0 values are higher than the O.gratissimum, M. (%) 0.01 ±0.64 75 ±1.05 .46 Mg 4.76± 2.93± 3.63± 2.64± 2.35±0 scandens, L. guineensis, M. Scandens and Xylopia (%) 0.05 1.02 1.05 0.41 .06 aethiopia (Fagbohun et al., 2011 and Abolaji et al., Tot 20.96 36.73 67.33 42.99 19.57± 2007). Magnesium is a composition of chlorophyll al ±2.01 ±3.04 ±3.05 ±1.95 1.02 and it is an important content in connection with N 0.72± 0.84± 1.8±0. 0.72± 3.64±0 (%) Ischemic heart disease and calcium metabolism in (%) 0.04 0.01 05 0 .01 P 0.27± 0.18± 0.16± 0.23± 0.31±0 bones (Ishida et al., 2000). (%) 0.02 0.05 0.04 0 Zinc content was reported from 2.1 PPM (seeds) to S 15.26 16±0. 13.45 20.96 14.86± 4.3 PPM (tuber). These are low when compared to (%) ±0.41 43 ±0.77 ±0.09 0.07 Pb 0.8±0. 2.6±0 ND 3.1±0. 2.38±0 the minerals reported by (Fagbohun et al., 2011 (pp 06 12 .01 and Elegbede, 1998). Zinc is involved in normal ND 0.4±0 1.2±0 m)Cr 1.7±0. 2±0.0 functioning of immune system (Ibrahim et al., (pp 01 7 2001) and is associated with protein metabolism. Fe 4.32± 2.67± 3.3±0. 2.4±0. 2.14±0 m) Iron values varies from 2.14 (seeds) to 4.32 (pp 0.81 0 02 04 .05 m) www. jespublication.com Page No:944 Vol 11, Issue 4 , April/ 2020 ISSN NO: 0377-9254 (tuber). These values are lower when compared to ACKNOWLEDGEMENT S the values of other green leafy vegetables as Authors are thankful to Dr.