Geological Note 13 High-Resolution Stratigraphy and Subsurface Mapping of the Lower Part of the Huron Member of the Ohio Shale in Central and Eastern Ohio Allow for Detailed Snapshots of Basin Development by Christopher B. T. Waid STATE OF OHIO DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas J. Serenko, Chief Columbus 2018 ODNR DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY (614) 265-6576 2045 MORSE RD., BLDG. C-1 (614) 447-1918 (FAX) [email protected] COLUMBUS, OHIO 43229-6693 www.OhioGeology.com SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL STAFF OF THE DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Administration Thomas J. Serenko, PhD, State Geologist and Division Chief Michael P. Angle, MS, Assistant State Geologist and Assistant Division Chief May Sholes, MBA, Financial Analyst Supervisor Renee L. Whitfield, BA, Administrative Professional Geologic Mapping & Industrial Minerals Group James D. Stucker, MS, Geologist Supervisor Douglas J. Aden, MS, Geologist Mohammad Fakhari, PhD, Geologist Franklin L. Fugitt, BS, Geologist T. Andrew Nash, MS, Geologist Brittany D. Parrick, BS, Geology Technician Christopher E. Wright, MS, Geologist Ground Water Resources Group James M. Raab, MS, Geologist Supervisor Scott C. Kirk, BS, Environmental Specialist Craig B. Nelson, MS, Hydrogeologist Mark S. Pleasants, MS, Hydrogeologist Mitchell W. Valerio, MS, Environmental Specialist Energy Resources Group Paul N. Spahr, MS, Geologist Supervisor Julie M. Bloxson, PhD, Geologist Erika M. Danielsen, MS, Geologist Derek J. Foley, MS, Geologist Samuel R. W. Hulett, MS, Geologist Michael P. Solis, MS, Geologist Christopher B. T. Waid, MS, Geologist Geologic Hazards Group D. Mark Jones, MS, Geologist Supervisor Daniel R. Blake, MS, Geologist Jeffrey L. Deisher, AAS, Geology Technician Jeffrey L. Fox, MS, Seismologist Joshua A. Novello, MS, Geologist Geologic Records Center & Library Lisa F. Long, MLIS, Librarian/Archivist Madge R. Fitak, BS, Customer Service Specialist Sylvia R. Halladay, MLS, Librarian Shirley A. Rogers, MLIS, Library Assistant Publications & Outreach Mark E. Peter, MS, Paleontologist Charles R. Salmons, MA, Publications Editor An Equal Opportunity Employer - M/F/H High-Resolution Stratigraphy and Subsurface Mapping of the Lower Part of the Huron Member of the Ohio Shale in Central and Eastern Ohio Allow for Detailed Snapshots of Basin Development by Christopher B. T. Waid Geological Note 13 STATE OF OHIO DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas J. Serenko, Chief Columbus 2018 Disclaimer: This report was prepared by the Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey under DOE Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC26-05NT42589 from the U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, administered through Battelle Memorial Institute. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Department of Energy, the Ohio Department of Natural Resources, or Battelle Memorial Institute. Editing: Charles R. Salmons Graphic design and layout: David S. Orr Front cover: Contact of the Upper Olentangy Shale with the overlying Huron Member of the Ohio Shale at Shale Hollow Park, Lewis Center, Ohio. Photograph by Mohammad Fakhari. Recommended bibliographic citation: Waid, C.B.T., 2018, High-resolution stratigraphy and subsurface mapping of the lower part of the Huron Member of the Ohio Shale in central and eastern Ohio allow for detailed snapshots of basin development: Columbus, Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey Geological Note 13, 18 p., 2 pls. CONTENTS Abstract .........................................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................................1 Geological and environmental setting .......................................................................................................................3 Stratigraphy of the Huron Member of the Ohio Shale ................................................................................................4 Milankovitch cycles and cyclostratigraphy .................................................................................................................5 Methodology and results ...............................................................................................................................................6 Discussion .....................................................................................................................................................................7 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................................................14 Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................................................................14 References cited ..........................................................................................................................................................14 FIGURES 1. Late Devonian paleogeographic map of North America .............................................................................................2 2. Generalized correlation diagram of Late Devonian units in Ohio and surrounding states ...........................................3 3. Characteristic wireline log of the Ohio Shale .............................................................................................................5 4. Gamma-ray log illustrating cycles of the lower Huron submember ............................................................................5 5. Diagram showing an idealized North American Midcontinent cyclothem .................................................................6 6. Map showing study area, county names, and cross section lines................................................................................7 7. Isopach maps for each cycle in the lower Huron submember ....................................................................................8 8. Diagram illustrating contractional overstepping .......................................................................................................13 TABLES 1. Isopach kriging model results ....................................................................................................................................7 PLATES 1. Stratigraphic cross section A–A’ ...............................................................................................................................17 2. Stratigraphic cross section B–B’ ...............................................................................................................................18 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS GEOLOGICAL NOTE Units of Measure Geologic Terms foot (feet) ft Akron Magnetic Boundary AMB grams per cubic centimeter g/ccm Cambridge Cross-Strike Structural Discontinuity CCSSD kilometer(s) km Frasnian Frasn. mega-annum (million years ago) ma Northwest Columbiana bathymetric high NWCBH mile(s) mi Total organic carbon TOC million years my percent by weight wt% Other Abbreviations thousand years ky Consortium for Continental Reflection Profiling COCORP Enhanced gas recovery EGR Lithologic and/or Stratigraphic Units* Gamma ray GR Formation Fm Midwest Regional Carbon Member Mbr/mbr Sequestration Partnership MRCSP Shale Sh Ohio Department of Natural Resources ODNR *Lowercase lithologic and stratigraphic names and abbreviations indicate informal status of a unit. iii High-Resolution Stratigraphy and Subsurface Mapping of the Lower Part of the Huron Member of the Ohio Shale in Central and Eastern Ohio Allow for Detailed Snapshots of Basin Development by Christopher B. T. Waid ABSTRACT Milankovitch cycle, based on biostratigraphic information The Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division and transgressive-regressive sequences. The ability to of Geological Survey was involved (2003–2017) in constrain the timing of fault motion to sub-million- the collaborative, multistate Midwest Regional Carbon year time slices highlights the utility of high-resolution Sequestration Partnership project, administrated by Battelle stratigraphy for analysis of localized basin subsidence and Memorial Institute and funded by the U.S. Department of provides a useful step towards a greater understanding of Energy, to evaluate the utility of strata in the Appalachian the geologic controls of high-quality source rock deposition Basin for carbon utilization and sequestration. Part of this and preservation. research project involved developing a high-resolution stratigraphic framework for the organic-rich Upper INTRODUCTION Devonian shale interval in Ohio that will allow precise The Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR), characterization of the hydrocarbon production and carbon Division of Geological Survey (Ohio Geological Survey) sequestration potential of numerous shale units of this participated in the multistate Midwest Regional Carbon interval. The organic-rich lower part of the Huron Member Sequestration Partnership (MRCSP) funded by the of the Ohio Shale (Famennian Stage, Devonian System) is Department of Energy under the administration of Battelle one of the units of interest for unconventional development Memorial