REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTRY NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR THE STOCKHOLM CONVENTION ON PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS (POPs) ANKARA September 2010 1 Prepared by 1. Environment, Health, Pesticide Task Team Coordinators Kemal Kurusakız, Dr. Meral Yeniova, Dr. Pelin Aksu and Members 2. PCB and PCB Containing Equipments Task Team Coordinator Mehmet Düzgün and Members 3. Emission Research and Monitoring Task Team Coordinator Dr. Sönmez Dağlı and Members 4. Prof.Dr. Altan Acara (National Project Coordinator) Environment, Health, Pesticide Task Team Kemal Kurusakız Dr. Meral Yeniova Dr. Pelin Aksu Coordinator Coordinator Coordinator Ministry of Environment and Refik Saydam Hygiene Center Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Poison Research Department Rural Affairs Ministry of Health Members Neşe Çehreli (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) Dr. Alev Burçak (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) Dr.Menekşe Keski (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) Nur Ergin (Refik Saydam Hygiene Center Poison Research Department) Ergün Cönger (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) Prof.Dr. Dürdane Kolankaya (Hacettepe Unıversity Faculty of Science Department of Biology) Deniz Türkoğlu MD. (Refik Saydam Hygiene Center Poison Research Department) Dr.Rukiye Doğanyiğit (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) Kemal Kurusakız (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) Prof.Dr. Altan Acara (National Project Coordinator) 2. PCB and PCB Containing Equipments Task Team Mehmet Düzgün Coordinator, Ministry of Energy and Natural Resource, EUAS Members Erol Albostan (Ministry of Energy and Natural Resource, TEDAS) Hüseyin Çavdar (Ministry of Energy and Natural Resource, TEDAS) Cemal İnce (Ministry of Energy and Natural Resource, TEDAS) Nuri Kandemir (Ministry of Energy and Natural Resource, TEIAS) M. Kemal Kumtepe (Ministry of Energy and Natural Resource, TEIAS) N. Osman Çalışkan (Ministry of Energy and Natural Resource, BEDAS) Yaşar Çetin (Ministry of Energy and Natural Resource, TEIAS) Murat İlkkahraman (Ministry of Energy and Natural Resource, TEIAS) Ayten Tuygun (Directory General for Turkish Electricity Generation and Transmission Corp.) Dr.Menekşe Keski (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) Dr.Rukiye Doğanyiğit (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) Neşe Çehreli (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) Kemal Kurusakız (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) Prof.Dr. Altan Acara (National Project Coordinator) 2 3. Emission Research and Monitoring Task Team Dr. Sönmez Dağlı Coordinator, STRCT-MRC Members Fehim İşbilir (STRCT-MRC) Kemal Kurusakız (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) Dr.Menekşe Keski z (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) Dr.Pelin Aksu (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) Taylan Kıymaz (State Planning Organization) Derya Şahin (Ministry of Environment and Forestry) İzaydaş A.Ş. Türkiye Çimento Müstahsilleri Birliği Donkasan Kocaeli Sanayiciler Odası Prof.Dr. Altan Acara (National Project Coordinator) 3 CONTENTS Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................ 7 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 10 1.1 Purpose of Turkey‟s National Implementation Plan (NIP) under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)................................................................................. 10 1.2 POPs 11 1.2.1 Brief description of POPs ......................................................................................... 11 1.2.2 POPs are global issue ................................................................................................ 11 1.3 Stockholm Convention ................................................................................................................ 12 1.3.1 Overview of the Convention ..................................................................................... 12 1.3.2 Overview of the 12 POPs .......................................................................................... 12 1.3.3 International Implementation .................................................................................... 14 2.0 Country baseline ......................................................................................................................... 15 2.1 Country Profile ............................................................................................................................ 16 2.1.1 Geography and population ........................................................................................ 16 2.1.2 Economic and Political Profile ................................................................................. 17 2.1.3 Profiles of Economic Sectors .................................................................................... 18 2.1.4 Environmental Overview .......................................................................................... 18 2.2 Institutional, policy and regulatory framework ........................................................................... 18 2.2.1 Environmental policy, sustainable development policy and general legislative framework ................................................................................................................... 18 2.2.2 Roles and responsibilities of Ministries Agencies and other governmental institutions involved in POPs life cycles (from source to disposal, environmental fate and health monitoring) ................................................................................................ 22 2.2.3 Relevant International commitments and obligations ............................................... 24 2.2.4 Description of existing legislation and regulations addressing POPs (manufactured chemicals and unintentionally produced POPs) .......................................................... 25 2.2.5 Key approaches and procedures for POPs chemical and pesticide management including enforcement and monitoring requirements.................................................. 46 Awareness / understanding of workers and the public ...................................................... 55 2.3 Assessment of the POPs issue in the country .............................................................................. 56 2.3.1 Assessment with respect to Annex A part 1 chemicals (POPs pesticides): historical, current and protected future production use, import and export, existing policy and regulatory framework; summary of available monitoring data (environment, food, humans) and health impacts. ....................................................................................... 57 Past, Present and Projected Future Production and Use of POPs Pesticides ..................... 58 Status of POPs pesticides in Turkey .................................................................................. 62 Import and Export of POPs pesticides ............................................................................... 63 Identified Obsolote Stockpiles and Wastes of POPs Pesticides ........................................ 63 Present Management (production, use, stockpiles and waste) of POPs Pesticides and Empty Containers ........................................................................................................ 63 Assignment of Responsibility and Liability ...................................................................... 63 General Assessment ........................................................................................................... 65 2.3.2 Assessment with respect to PCBs (Annex A, Part II Chemicals) ............................. 66 History and place of use of PCBs ...................................................................................... 67 Present Regulations Pertaining PCBs ................................................................................ 68 Closed and Semi-closed Applications of PCBs ................................................................. 68 PCBs Uses ......................................................................................................................... 69 PCBs- containing Wastes and related activities ................................................................. 71 General Assessment of Inventory of PCBs ........................................................................ 75 2.3.3 Assessment DDT (Annex B Chemicals) ................................................................... 77 History of DDT .................................................................................................................. 78 Institutional and Regulatory Framework ........................................................................... 78 4 Past, Present and Projected Future Production and Use of DDT ....................................... 78 Identified Stockpiles of DDT and DDT Waste .................................................................. 79 Present Management of DDT and Empty Containers ........................................................ 79 Current Capacity and Experience in the Field of DDT ...................................................... 79 General Assessment of Inventory of DDT ......................................................................... 81 Preliminary inventory of production, distribution, use, import, and export ...................... 81 2.3.4 Assessment of Releases from Unintentional Production of Annex C Chemicals