1 21th International Conference on IT Applications and Management New developments in hyper-tourism in the age of digital intelligence February 13 ~ 15, 2019 Host and venue: Huelva University, Huelva, Spain Co-host: Korea Data Strategy Society, International ITAM Society Editorial Board Myeong Gil Choi (Chung Ang U., Korea) Wei Hui Dai (Fudan U., China) Sateesh Kumar Ojha (Tribhuvan U., Nepal) Published by Korea Database Strategy Society (KDSS) Printed at Nepal Printing Support, Anamnagar, Kathmandu-32, T: +977 1 5706821 2 21th International Conference on IT Applications and Management New developments in hyper-tourism in the age of digital intelligence February 13 ~ 15, 2019 Host and venue: Huelva University, Huelva, Spain Co-host: Korea Data Strategy Society, International ITAM Society Editorial Board Myeong Gil Choi (Chung Ang U., Korea) Wei Hui Dai (Fudan U., China) Sateesh Kumar Ojha (Tribhuvan U., Nepal) Published by Korea Database Strategy Society (KDSS) Printed at Nepal Printing Support, Anamnagar, Kathmandu-32, T: +977 1 5706821 3 Preface The ITAM international conference has now passed through 10 years of history. We went through a very active and agile interaction during the last decade, holding two conferences a year. We finished 20 wonderful conferences in many different places. Most of the locations include Asian countries such as China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Nepal, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam. We also had very memorable events in Africa, Nairobi, Kenya. Our 21st conference is hosted by the University of Huelva, Spain. This is our second meeting in European continent after the conference in Dijon, France. We all know Spain is a great country, rich in cultural and historical artifacts and industrial achievements. Andalusia province, where Huelva belongs, has unique artistic and gastronomic traditions that delegates from all over the world can enjoy. University of Huelva lies at the central part of the gorgeous city of Huelva. I am very pleased that we ended up having this conference at the beautiful campus of this university. I wholeheartedly appreciate this hosting by my respected colleague, Professor Alfonso Vargas-Sanchez. His devotion made this wonderful event happen. My appreciation extends to Professor Pilar Marin-Mateos, Dean of the Faculty of Work Science of the University of Huelva for his generous support. The theme of the 21st ITAM conference is “New Developments in Hyper-tourism in the Age of Digital Intelligence.” We have three renowned keynote speakers who prepared a wonderful speech on this topic for the conference, Professor José Ignacio-Castillo Manzano from Spain and Professor Luiz Moutinho and Kanes Rajah form the United Kingdom. Most of all, about 49 articles on and around this issue will be presented during the conference. I truly appreciate the contribution and active participation of all the delegates as well as the team of people who prepared all the details of the event behind the scene. Prof. Sateesh Kumar Ojha from Nepal prepared the proceeding book by compiling and editing papers we collected in Korea from many different countries and brought all the copies printed in Nepal to Spain. In this vein, the preparation of the conference has now become the exemplar of global collaboration. We are making histories. I hope the delegates enjoy the wonderful academic interactions among the participants and all the arrangements prepared by the hosting team. In the end, let’s cherish this wonderful memory not only for the sake of memory, but for further development of our future activities. Namjae Cho Chairman, International ITAM Society Professor, School of Busienss, Hanyang University, Korea 4 Preface The ITAM international conference has now passed through 10 years of history. We went through a very active and agile interaction during the last decade, holding two conferences a year. We finished 20 wonderful conferences in many different places. Most of the locations include Asian countries such as China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Nepal, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam. We also had very memorable events in Africa, Nairobi, Kenya. Our 21st conference is hosted by the University of Huelva, Spain. This is our second meeting in European continent after the conference in Dijon, France. We all know Spain is a great country, rich in cultural and historical artifacts and industrial achievements. Andalusia province, where Huelva belongs, has unique artistic and gastronomic traditions that delegates from all over the world can enjoy. University of Huelva lies at the central part of the gorgeous city of Huelva. I am very pleased that we ended up having this conference at the beautiful campus of this university. I wholeheartedly appreciate this hosting by my respected colleague, Professor Alfonso Vargas-Sanchez. His devotion made this wonderful event happen. My appreciation extends to Professor Pilar Marin-Mateos, Dean of the Faculty of Work Science of the University of Huelva for his generous support. The theme of the 21st ITAM conference is “New Developments in Hyper-tourism in the Age of Digital Intelligence.” We have three renowned keynote speakers who prepared a wonderful speech on this topic for the conference, Professor José Ignacio-Castillo Manzano from Spain and Professor Luiz Moutinho and Kanes Rajah form the United Kingdom. Most of all, about 49 articles on and around this issue will be presented during the conference. I truly appreciate the contribution and active participation of all the delegates as well as the team of people who prepared all the details of the event behind the scene. Prof. Sateesh Kumar Ojha from Nepal prepared the proceeding book by compiling and editing papers we collected in Korea from many different countries and brought all the copies printed in Nepal to Spain. In this vein, the preparation of the conference has now become the exemplar of global collaboration. We are making histories. I hope the delegates enjoy the wonderful academic interactions among the participants and all the arrangements prepared by the hosting team. In the end, let’s cherish this wonderful memory not only for the sake of memory, but for further development of our future activities. Namjae Cho Chairman, International ITAM Society Professor, School of Busienss, Hanyang University, Korea 5 Conference Management Team Chairman of International ITAM Society International Organizing Committee Namjae Cho (Hanyang U., Korea) Rasheed Abdulslam (Lincoln U. College, Malaysia) Anirut Asawasakulsorn (Naresuan U., Thailand) Advisory Board Dhundi Raj Bhattarai (Tribhuvan U., Nepal) Pilar Marin-Mateos (Dean, Huelva U., Spain) Patrick Bouchet (Bourgogne U., France) Luiz Moutinho (U. of Suffolk, UK) Ahmed Bounfour (U. De Paris Sud, France) Kanes Rajah (CEPD London, UK) Chien-Chang Chen (Tamkang U., Taiwan) Uthai Tanlamai (Chulalongkorn. U., Thailand) Andre M. Everett (Ottago U., New Zealand) Oliver H. M. Yau (Open U. of Hong Kong) Agnes Gathumbi (Kenyata U., Kenya) Conference General Chairs Haluk Gorgun (YTU, Turkey) Mehmet Ali Gurol (Conference Emeritus, Turkey) Alfonso Vargas-Sánchez (Huelva U., Spain) Yanki Hartijasti (U. of Indonesia, Indonesia) Gyeung Min Kim (Ewha W. U., Korea) Kyeong Kang (U. Of Technology, Sydney, Australia) Co-chairs of Organizing Committee Sang-Jun Kim (Kindai U., Japan) Kijoo Kim (Konyang U., Korea) Soo Kyung Kim (Dankuk U., Korea) Seokha Koh (Chungbuk Nat’l U., Korea) Sung Kun Kim (Chung Ang U., Korea) Santosh Rangnekar (IIT Roorkey, India) Jitsama Kurusakdapong, (Chulalongkorn U., Thailand) Bernard Lee (Hong Kong Shue Yan U., Hong Kong) Program Chairs Jeong Hyun Lee (Korea Data Agency, Korea) Anne-Marie Lebrun (Bourgogne U., France) Junghwan, Lee(Chungbuk Nat’l U., Korea) Jeong Hoon Lee (Hansung U., Korea) Mi-Young Lee (Konkuk U., Korea) Elena García de Soto (Huelva U., Spain) Gyoo Gun Lim (Hanyang U., Korea) Publication Chairs Iraj Mahdavi (President, Mazandaran U. of S&T, Iran) José Ignacio-Castillo Manzano (U. of Seville, Spain) Myeong Gil Choi (Chung Ang U., Korea) Marica Mazurek (Žilina U., Slovakia) Wei Hui Dai (Fudan U., China) Masayuki Maruyama (Kansai Int’l U., Japan) Sateesh Kumar Ojha (Tribhuvan U., Nepal) Dai Hwan Min (Korea U., Korea) Registration Chairs Kakutani Naohisa (Meio U., Japan) Jung Seung Lee (Hoseo U., Korea) Pratima Pradhan (Singhania U., India) Ji-Hee Kim, (Canisius College, U.S.A.) Stella So, Lai Man (The Chinese U. of Hong Kong) Do Van Tuan (Dong-A U., Vietnam) Jihwan Yum (Hanyang Cyber U., Korea) Hue Mi Um (Bucheon U., Korea) Local Arrangement Chairs Dwarika Upreti (Tribhuvan U., Nepal) Ali Abdulbaqi Ameen (Lincoln U. College, Malaysia) Sean Watts (American U. of Vietnam) Minsun Kim (Hyupsung U., Korea) Chi-Chien Wang (NTPU, Taiwan) Inmaculada Rabadán-Martín(Huelva U., Spain) Jaehoon Whang (Yonsei U., Korea) Paul Yoo (U. Of Technology, Sydney, Australia) 6 Conference Management Team Chairman of International ITAM Society International Organizing Committee Namjae Cho (Hanyang U., Korea) Rasheed Abdulslam (Lincoln U. College, Malaysia) Anirut Asawasakulsorn (Naresuan U., Thailand) Advisory Board Dhundi Raj Bhattarai (Tribhuvan U., Nepal) Pilar Marin-Mateos (Dean, Huelva U., Spain) Patrick Bouchet (Bourgogne U., France) Luiz Moutinho (U. of Suffolk, UK) Ahmed Bounfour (U. De Paris Sud, France) Kanes Rajah (CEPD London, UK) Chien-Chang Chen (Tamkang U., Taiwan) Uthai Tanlamai (Chulalongkorn. U., Thailand) Andre M. Everett (Ottago U., New Zealand) Oliver H. M. Yau (Open U. of Hong Kong) Agnes Gathumbi (Kenyata U., Kenya) Conference General Chairs