Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine 7KH-RXUQDORIWKH6RXWK3DFL¿F8QGHUZDWHU0HGLFLQH6RFLHW\ ,QFRUSRUDWHGLQ9LFWRULD $% ISSN 1833 - 3516 Volume 37 No. 4 ABN 29 299 823 713 December 2007 Diving expeditions: from Antarctica to the Tropics Diving deaths in New Zealand Epilepsy and diving – time for a change? Mechanical ventilation of patients at pressure Print Post Approved PP 331758/0015 9^k^c\VcY=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZKdajbZ(,Cd#)9ZXZbWZg'%%, PURPOSES OF THE SOCIETY IdegdbdiZVcY[VX^a^iViZi]ZhijYnd[VaaVheZXihd[jcYZglViZgVcY]neZgWVg^XbZY^X^cZ Idegdk^YZ^c[dgbVi^dcdcjcYZglViZgVcY]neZgWVg^XbZY^X^cZ IdejWa^h]V_djgcVa IdXdckZcZbZbWZghd[i]ZHdX^ZinVccjVaanViVhX^Zci^ÄXXdc[ZgZcXZ OFFICE HOLDERS EgZh^YZci 9g8]g^h6Xdii (%EVg`6kZcjZ!GdhhancEVg` :çbV^a1XVXdii5deijhcZi#Xdb#Vj3 Hdji]6jhigVa^V*%,' EVhiçEgZh^YZci 9gGdWncLVa`Zg &'7VggVaa^ZgHigZZi!<g^[Äi] :çbV^a1GdWnc#LVa`Zg5YZ[ZcXZ#\dk#Vj3 68I'+%( HZXgZiVgn 9gHVgV]H]Vg`Zn E#D#7DM&%*!CVggVWZZc :çbV^a1hejbhhZXgZiVgn5\bV^a#Xdb3 CZlHdji]LVaZh'&%& IgZVhjgZg 9g<jnL^aa^Vbh E#D#7dm&.%!GZY=^aaHdji] :çbV^a1hejbh5[VhibV^a#cZi3 K^Xidg^V(.(, :Y^idg 6hhdX#Egd[#B^`Z9Vk^h 8$d=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZJc^i :çbV^a1hejbh_5XY]W#\dki#co3 8]g^hiX]jgX]=dhe^iVa!Eg^kViZ7V\),&%!8]g^hiX]jgX]!CO :YjXVi^dcD[ÄXZg 9g;^dcVH]Vge ').XC^X]dahdcGdVY!H]ZcidcEVg` :çbV^a1h]Vge^Z[5YdXidgh#dg\#j`3 LZhiZgc6jhigVa^V+%%- EjWa^XD[ÄXZg 9gKVcZhhV=VaaZg E#D#7dm-%'(!8Vggjb9dlch :çbV^a1kVcZhhV#]VaaZg5XYbX#Xdb#Vj3 K^Xidg^V('%& 8]V^gbVc6CO=B< 9g9Vk^YHbVgi 9ZeVgibZcid[9^k^c\VcY=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZ :çbV^a1YVk^Y#hbVgi5Y]]h#iVh#\dk#Vj3 GdnVa=dWVgi=dhe^iVa!=dWVgi!IVhbVc^V,%%% LZWbVhiZg 9g<aZc=Vl`^ch E#D#7dm&+,)!BVgdjWgV! :"bV^a1]Vl`ZnZ5hl^[iYha#Xdb#Vj3 CHL'%(* 8dbb^iiZZBZbWZgh 9g8]g^hi^cZAZZ E#D#7dm-+'!<ZZadc\ :çbV^a1XaZZ5e^X`cdla#Xdb#Vj3 K^Xidg^V(''% 9g9Vk^YKdiZ E#D#7dm*%&+!BdgZaVcYLZhi :çbV^a1YVk^YkdiZ5W^\edcY#Xdb#Vj3 K^Xidg^V(%** ADMINISTRATION BZbWZgh]^e HiZkZ<dWaZ 8$d6CO8daaZ\Zd[6cVZhi]Zi^hih :çbV^a1hejbhVYb5W^\edcY#cZi#Vj3 +(%Hi@^aYVGY!BZaWdjgcZ!K^Xidg^V(%%) ?djgcVa HVgV]LZWW 8$d=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZJc^i :çbV^a1hejbh_5XY]W#\dki#co3 8]g^hiX]jgX]=dhe^iVa!Eg^kViZ7V\),&%!8]g^hiX]jgX]!CO E]dcZ/ +)ç%(ç(+)ç%%)*!;Vm/ +)ç%(ç(+)ç%&-, MEMBERSHIP BZbWZgh]^e^hdeZcidVaabZY^XVaegVXi^i^dcZgh# 6hhdX^ViZbZbWZgh]^e^hdeZcidVaai]dhZl]dVgZcdibZY^XVaegVXi^i^dcZghWjiVgZ^ciZgZhiZY^ci]ZV^bhd[i]Z HdX^Zin!VcY$dgi]dhZZc\V\ZY^cgZhZVgX]^cjcYZglViZgbZY^X^cZVcYgZaViZYhjW_ZXih# BZbWZgh]^e^hVahdVkV^aVWaZ[dggZi^gZYbZY^XVaegVXi^i^dcZghVcYbZY^XVahijYZcih# BZbWZgh]^eVeea^XVi^dchVgZWZhiXdbeaZiZYdca^cZVii]ZHdX^Zin¼hlZWh^iZ<lll#HEJBH#dg\#Vj> ;jgi]Zg^c[dgbVi^dcdci]ZHdX^ZinbVnWZdWiV^cZYWn\d^c\id/ 1lll#HEJBH#dg\#Vj3 dgZçbV^a^c\1hejbhVYb5W^\edcY#cZi#Vj3 dglg^i^c\id/HEJBHBZbWZgh]^e! 8$d6jhigVa^VcVcYCZlOZVaVcY8daaZ\Zd[6cVZhi]Zi^hih! +(%Hi@^aYVGdVY!BZaWdjgcZ!K^Xidg^V(%%)!6jhigVa^V 7KH6RFLHW\¶V¿QDQFLDO\HDULV-DQXDU\WR'HFHPEHUWKHVDPHDVWKH-RXUQDO\HDU ;dgXjggZcihjWhXg^ei^dcgViZheaZVhZ\did1lll#HEJBH#dg\#Vj3 9^k^c\VcY=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZKdajbZ(,Cd#)9ZXZbWZg'%%, &,( h^ijVi^dch!lZVg^c\VlZ^\]iWZaiWjicdÄchdgÅdViVi^dc I]Z:Y^idg¼hd[[Zg^c\ YZk^XZl]Zchcdg`Zaa^c\VcYaVX`d[bZY^XVaVcY$dge]nh^XVa ÄicZhh# IdigVkZaidVcYY^kZ^cZmdi^XVcYgZbdiZeVgihd[i]ZldgaY VeeZVahidbVcnd[jh#8ZgiV^can!VhVbZY^XVahdX^Zin! L^i]gZ\VgYidbZY^XVaÄicZhh!ViVi^bZl]Zci]Zhedgi HEJBH]VhYdcZ^ih[V^gh]VgZ!Vaa^ci]ZcVbZd[Xdci^cj^c\ Y^k^c\edejaVi^dc^hV\Z^c\!^ihZZbhVWhjgYi]Vii]ZcZl bZY^XVaZYjXVi^dc#Egdk^Y^c\XdaaZ\^ViZdeedgijc^i^Zh[dg ^ciZgcVi^dcVahiVcYVgYa^`ZanidWZWgdj\]i^clViX]i]^h Y^k^c\e]nh^X^VchidcdidcanbZZi^chX^Zci^ÄXhZhh^dcWji heVXZl^aaZVhZi]ZbZY^XVagZfj^gZbZcih[dggZXgZVi^dcVa idY^kZid\Zi]Zg^ci]ZZck^gdcbZcii]ZnVgZhjeedhZYid hXjWVigV^c^c\#I]ZgZ^hVahdVbV_dgY^X]didbn]ZgZWZilZZc `cdlhdbZi]^c\VWdji]VhWZZcVaZ\^i^bViZjcYZgiV`^c\ i]ZgZXgZVi^dcVaY^k^c\^cYjhign!l]^X]l^h]ZhY^k^c\ [dgi]ZbV_dg^ind[i]dhZViiZcY^c\hjX]bZZi^c\h#=dlZkZg! e]nh^X^Vchidegdk^YZVWhdajiZhVWdjiY^k^c\»ÄicZhh¼VcYi]Z bdhiYZaZ\ViZhegdWVWanYdcdi\^kZbjX]i]dj\]iidi]Z Y^hXgZi^dcVgnVcYg^h`"bVcV\ZbZciVeegdVX]^cXgZVh^c\an ad\^hi^XVa!hV[ZinVcYbZY^XVaX]VaaZc\Zhd[hjX]h]dgiig^eh! [VkdjgZYWnY^k^c\e]nh^X^VchVcYi]ZaVl!VhZch]g^cZY^c dgX]ZhigViZY[dgjhVhi]ZnVgZWnigVkZaegd[Zhh^dcVah# Y^hVW^a^inaZ\^haVi^dc# I]ZeaVcc^c\[dgadc\"iZgbi]Vi^h!dkZgbVcnnZVghgZbdiZ I]^hWg^c\hbZidi]ZgZk^ZlVgi^XaZ[gdb:e^aZeh^V ZmeZY^i^dch^hd[VcZci^gZanY^[[ZgZcicVijgZidXViZg^c\[dg Y^hXjhh^c\l]Zi]ZgeZdeaZl^i]Ze^aZehn!eVhidgegZhZci! djgidjg^hieVgin[dgVlZZ`dgildZVX]nZVg#>ci]^h^hhjZ! h]djaYWZVaadlZYidY^kZ#LZVgZ^cYZWiZYidi]ZejWa^h]Zgh! i]ZcZZYhd[Y^k^c\gZhZVgX]^cildd[i]Z\Zd\gVe]^XVa L^aZn"7aVX`lZaa![dgVaadl^c\jhidgZeg^cii]^h!Vh^i^h VcYbZiZdgdad\^XVaZmigZbZZck^gdcbZcihdc:Vgi]VgZ Vc^bedgiVcigZk^ZlVgi^XaZ#6WVX`\gdjcYXdbbZciVgn egZhZciZY^cVgi^XaZhWnCZVaEdaadX`6ciVgXi^XVVcY dcbdkZh^ci]^hVgZV^ci]ZJc^iZY@^c\Ydb^hegdk^YZY @VgZcG^X]VgYhdci]ZIgde^Xh#CZVaiVa`h[gdb]VcYh"dc [daadl^c\i]ZVgi^XaZ#>]deZi]Vii]ZhZide^Xhl^aa\ZcZgViZ ZmeZg^ZcXZd[hZkZgVahZVhdchYdlcdc»I]Z>XZ¼!iZhi^c\ k^\dgdjh!^c[dgbZYYZWViZ^ci]Z»AZiiZgh¼Xdajbc# Y^k^c\Zfj^ebZciVcYjcYZgiV`^c\e]nh^dad\^XVagZhZVgX]! l]^ahi@VgZcVcVanhZh[gdbVbZY^XVaeZgheZXi^kZi]ZaVg\Z I]dhZgZVYZghl]dWdi]ZgidgZVYi]Z»CZlhVcYcdi^XZh¼ YViVWVhZVXXjbjaViZYWnVgZbVg`VWanhjXXZhh[jabVg^cZ hZXi^dcZVX]^hhjZl^aaWZVlVgZi]Vi[dghdbZildnZVgh hX^ZcXZVbVa\VbVi^dcd[egd[Zhh^dcVahX^Zci^hihVcYaVn cdl!i]ZHEJBH8dbb^iiZZVcYi]Z:jgdeZVcJcYZglViZg kdajciZZgh!i]Z8dgVa8Vn8dchZgkVi^dc888Egd_ZXi# 7VgdbZY^XVaHdX^Zin:J7H]VkZWZZcY^hXjhh^c\i]Z ediZci^VaWZcZÄihVcYe^i[Vaahd[^cXdgedgVi^c\i]Z:jgdeZVc 7di]gZedgih^aajhigViZ]dli]dgdj\]VYkVcXZeaVcc^c\! ?djgcVad[JcYZglViZgVcY=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZ:?J=B hZaZXi^dcd[eZghdccZaVcYi]Zg^\]iZfj^ebZciVcYbViZg^Vah ^cid9^k^c\VcY=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZ9=BVhVh^c\aZ gZhjai^c\ddYhV[ZingZXdgYh^chjX]Zck^gdcbZcih[Vg[gdb ^ciZgcVi^dcVa_djgcVa#:?J=BlVhÄghiejWa^h]ZY^c'%%%! i]ZbVYY^c\XgdlY#HVYanh^cXZi]Z888YViVlZgZVcVanhZY! Wji]Vhhigj\\aZYh^cXZ^ih^cXZei^dcidgZVaanZhiVWa^h]^ihZa[! VYZVi]]VhdXXjggZYVidcZd[i]Z;^_^h^iZh!l]ZgZVc YZhe^iZi]ZZci]jh^Vhi^XZ[[dgihd[^ih:Y^idg!9gEZiZgBjZaaZg! ZmeZY^i^dcbZbWZglVhVeeVgZcianZaZXigdXjiZYWnV[Vaa^c\ l]ZgZVhi]ZHEJBH?djgcVa!cdl9=B!]VhXdci^cjZY edlZgXVWaZYjg^c\Vigde^XVahidgb#HdbZXdci^c\ZcX^Zh idYZkZadehadlanWjihjgZandkZgi]ZnZVgh#7di]HEJBH XVccdiWZeaVccZY[dg!]dlZkZg]VgYdcZig^Zh#I]Vii]Z VcY:J7HhZZi]^hVhVgZVadeedgijc^inidZhiVWa^h]XadhZg ejWa^h]ZYbZY^XVaYViV[gdbZmeZY^i^dchVgZhda^b^iZY^h i^Zhl^i]^ci]Z^ciZgcVi^dcVaY^k^c\VcY]neZgWVg^XbZY^XVa hdbZl]Vihjgeg^h^c\!\^kZci]ZbVcnXdciZbedgVcZdjh Xdbbjc^in!l]^ahigZiV^c^c\i]Zhigdc\Zbe]Vh^hdcY^k^c\ _djgcVahejWa^h]ZYWnZmeadgZghVcYÄZaYhX^Zci^hih#888VgZ bZY^X^cZi]Vi]VhValVnhWZZcV[ZVijgZd[HEJBHVcY^ih idWZXdc\gVijaViZYcdidcandci]Z^g[dXjhdccZVg"gZVai^bZ _djgcVa# gZedgih!WjiVahd[dgZcXdjgV\^c\VcVanh^hVcYejWa^XVi^dc d[i]ZhZYViV# 6hd[i]ZBVgX]^hhjZcZminZVg!9=Bl^aaWZXdbZi]Z_d^ci kd^XZd[Wdi]hdX^Zi^Zh#BdgZYZiV^ahdci]ZhZYZkZadebZcih :kZgnY^k^c\[ViVa^in^hdcZiddbVcn#I]Zhidg^ZhhjbbVg^hZY l^aaWZegdk^YZY^ci]ZcZmi^hhjZ#;dgXjggZcigZVYZgh! dkZgi]ZnZVgh^c9dj\aVhLVa`Zg¼hEgd_ZXiHi^X`nWZV`VcY i]Za^`Zan^beVXi^hVWZiiZg_djgcVa!l^i]VXdci^cjZY cdl^c6cYgZlBX8aZaaVcY¼hgZedgi[gdbCZlOZVaVcY Xdbb^ibZciidegdk^Y^c\VkVg^ZY!^ciZgZhi^c\gVc\Zd[ide^Xh bV`Z^cXgZY^WanhVYgZVY^c\#;dgbZ!i]Zbdhied^\cVci^c l^i]^c^iheV\Zh[dgl]Vi^hVkZgnY^kZghZbZbWZgh]^e# i]^heVeZg^hi]ZaVYn!Y^k^c\dkZglZ^\]iZY!l]dhVc`idi]Z Wdiidb^cdcan,bhlYZei]^bbZY^ViZanWZcZVi]i]ZWdVi! B^X]VZa9Vk^h adh^c\]ZgÄch^ci]ZegdXZhhVcYgVe^YanYgdlc^c\YZhe^iZ ]Vk^c\V[jaaiVc`d[V^gVcY]Vk^c\cZkZggZaZVhZY]ZglZ^\]i WZai#8djaYi]ZgZWZVbdgZhig^`^c\ZmVbeaZd[]dleVc^X 8dkZge]didiV`ZcWnBVgi^cHVnZgd[VWaVX`XdgVa! jcYZglViZgYZhigdnhgVi^dcVai]^c`^c\4 6ci^eVi]Zh[^dgYZch^h!l^i]VcZcil^cZYeZgX]^c\ hcV`ZhiVg!6higdWgVX]^dcXdchig^Xijb![djcYdcandc NZiV\V^c![Vb^a^Vg[ZVijgZhXgdejei^bZV[iZgi^bZ/ WaVX`XdgVa^cVhnbW^di^XgZaVi^dch]^e;^dgYaVcY!CZl ^cZmeZg^ZcXZ!eVc^X!hdadY^k^c\!WjYYnhZeVgVi^dc![V^ajgZ OZVaVcY!'%%,#9gHVnZgVahdidd`VaaWjiildd[i]Z idgZaZVhZi]ZlZ^\]iWZai!WjdnVcXnegdWaZbh!dji"d["V^g e]didh^ci]ZbdciV\ZdceV\Z&.-# &,) 9^k^c\VcY=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZKdajbZ(,Cd#)9ZXZbWZg'%%, Dg^\^cVaVgi^XaZh Diving-related deaths in New Zealand 2000–2006 Andrew McClelland @ZnldgYh 9^k^c\YZVi]h!YZVi]h!Ygdlc^c\!hXjWVY^k^c\!WgZVi]ç]daYY^k^c\!Y^k^c\VXX^YZcih!XVhZgZedgih 6WhigVXi BX8aZaaVcY6#9^k^c\çgZaViZYYZVi]h^cCZlOZVaVcY'%%%·'%%+#9^k^c\VcY=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZ#'%%,0(,/&,)ç--# 6gZk^Zld[i]ZZe^YZb^dad\nd[Y^k^c\çgZaViZYYZVi]hdkZgi]ZhZkZcnZVgh[gdb'%%%id'%%+^cCZlOZVaVcYlVhjcYZgiV`Zc# I]ZX^gXjbhiVcXZhd[ZVX]XVhZ!i]ZbZi]dYd[VXX^YZci^ckZhi^\Vi^dcVcYi]ZXdgdcZg¼hgZedgihlZgZgZk^ZlZY!VhhZhh^c\i]Z YZiV^a!VXXjgVXnVcYVeegdeg^ViZcZhhd[ZVX]#9ZhXg^ei^kZhjbbVg^ZhVgZegdk^YZY[dgi]ZYZVi]hgZaViZYidhXjWVY^k^c\#>c idiVa!*+Y^k^c\çgZaViZY[ViVa^i^Zh!)%hXjWVY^kZghVcY&+hcdg`ZaaZgh!lZgZ^YZci^ÄZYVcYVcVanhZY#D[i]Z)%hXjWVY^k^c\ YZVi]h!&']VYXa^c^XVaanh^\c^ÄXVcibZY^XVaXdcY^i^dch#GZhZVgX]d[Y^k^c\egVXi^XZhVcYdi]Zg[VXidghi]Vib^\]iXdcig^WjiZ idi]ZhZYZVi]hVaadlhigZcYhidWZXdbZVeeVgZci#>i^hVXXZeiZYi]ViY^k^c\[ViVa^i^ZhVgZjcXdbbdc!Wjii]Z[ViVa^ingViZ^h jc`cdlc^cCZlOZVaVcYWZXVjhZi]Z»YZcdb^cVidg¼!i]ZcjbWZgd[Y^kZhjcYZgiV`ZcZVX]nZVg!^hjc`cdlc# >cigdYjXi^dc BZi]dYh >cCZlOZVaVcYCO!Ygdlc^c\gZbV^chi]Zi]^gYbdhi 6eea^XVi^dc[dgZi]^XhVeegdkValVh^c^i^ViZYWjii]Z Xdbbdcjc^ciZci^dcVaXVjhZd[YZVi]YjZid^c_jgn!VcYi]Z Vji]dglVhVYk^hZYWni]Z8]V^gbVcd[i]ZJc^kZgh^ind[ gViZ^h]^\]Zgi]Vc^cbVcnXdbeVgVWaZXdjcig^Zh#&·(D[Vaa 6jX`aVcY:i]^Xh8dbb^iiZZi]Vii]^hlVhcdigZfj^gZY Ygdlc^c\YZVi]h!i]dhZgZaViZYidY^k^c\VgZjcXdbbdc! VhVaaYViVjhZY^ci]^hgZigdheZXi^kZhijYnlZgZVagZVYn Xdcig^Wji^c\Veegdm^bViZan**·&%YZVi]heZgnZVg#I]Z ^ci]ZejWa^XYdbV^c#8VhZhlZgZ^YZci^ÄZY[gdbkVg^djh ^ckZhi^\Vi^dcd[VcVXX^YZcidgYZVi]Yjg^c\lViZgVXi^k^i^Zh! hdjgXZh#LViZgHV[ZinCZlOZVaVcYLHCObV^ciV^chV ZheZX^VaanjcYZglViZgY^k^c\!^h\gZVian]VbeZgZYWni]Z YViVWVhZd[Ygdlc^c\çgZaViZYYZVi]h9gdlcWVhZIBVcY [gV\bZciZYVcY^cXdbeaZiZgZXdgYh#<gZViZgjcYZghiVcY^c\ VXXZhhlVhhdj\]iVcYVeegdkZY#6hegZVYh]ZZid[Vaa`cdlc