IMA FUNGUS · 7(1): 131–153 (2016) doi:10.5598/imafungus.2016.07.01.08 Recommendations for competing sexual-asexually typified generic names in ARTICLE Sordariomycetes (except Diaporthales, Hypocreales, and Magnaporthales) Martina Réblová1, Andrew N. Miller2, Amy Y. Rossman3*, Keith A. Seifert4, Pedro W. Crous5, David L. Hawksworth6,7,8, Mohamed A. Abdel-Wahab9, Paul F. Cannon8, Dinushani A. Daranagama10, Z. Wilhelm De Beer11, Shi-Ke Huang10, Kevin D. Hyde10, Ruvvishika Jayawardena10, Walter Jaklitsch12,13, E. B. Gareth Jones14, Yu-Ming Ju15, Caroline Judith16, Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura17, Ka-Lai Pang18, Liliane E. Petrini19, Huzefa A. Raja20, Andrea I Romero21, Carol Shearer2, Indunil C. Senanayake10, Hermann Voglmayr13, Bevan S. Weir22, and Nalin N. Wijayawarden10 1Department of Taxonomy, Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Průhonice 252 43, Czech Republic 2Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois 61820, USA 3Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA; *corresponding author e-mail: amydianer@ yahoo.com 4Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Biodiversity (Mycology and Microbiology), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6 Canada 5CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands 6Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain 7Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK 8Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Surrey, TW9 3DS, UK 9Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt 10Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand 11Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa 12Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology and Forest Protection, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria 13Division of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria 14Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia 15Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115 29, Taiwan 16Department of Mycology, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany 17Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 8, 123 Al Khoud, Oman 18Institute of Marine Biology and Centre of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 20224, Taiwan (ROC) 19Via al Perato 15c, CH-6932 Breganzona, Switzerland 20Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 457 Sullivan Science Building, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, USA 21Instituto de Micología y Botánica, UBA-CONICET, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Piso 4°, Lab 6, Av. Int. Güiraldes 2620. Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina 22Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand Abstract: With the advance to one scientific name for each fungal species, the generic names in the classSordariomycetes Key words: typified by sexual and asexual morphs are evaluated based on their type species to determine if they compete with each Ascomycota other for use or protection. Recommendations are made for which of the competing generic names should be used based nomenclature on criteria such as priority, number of potential names changes, and frequency of use. Some recommendations for well- pleomorphic fungi known genera include Arthrinium over Apiospora, Colletotrichum over Glomerella, Menispora over Zignoëlla, Microdochium protected lists over Monographella, Nigrospora over Khuskia, and Plectosphaerella over Plectosporium. All competing generic names taxonomy are listed in a table of recommended names along with the required action. If priority is not accorded to sexually typified generic names after 2017, only four names would require formal protection: Chaetosphaerella over Oedemium, Diatrype over Libertella, Microdochium over Monographella, and Phaeoacremonium over Romellia and Togninia. Concerning species in the recommended genera, one replacement name (Xylaria benjaminii nom. nov.) is introduced, and the following new combinations are made: Arthrinium sinense, Chloridium caesium, C. chloroconium, C. gonytrichii, Corollospora marina, C. parvula, C. ramulosa, Juncigena fruticosae, Melanospora simplex, Seimatosporium massarina, Sporoschisma daemonoropis, S. taitense, Torpedospora mangrovei, Xylaria penicilliopsis, and X. termiticola combs. nov. Article info: Submitted: 26 April 2016; Accepted: 24 May 2016; Published: 8 June 2016. © 2016 International Mycological Association You are free to share - to copy, distribute and transmit the work, under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non-commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No derivative works: You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work, which can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode. Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. Nothing in this license impairs or restricts the author’s moral rights. VOLUME 7 · NO. 1 131 Réblová et al. INTRODUCTION: Calosphaeriales, Chaetosphaeriales, Coniochaetales, Conio- scyphales, Cordanales, Coronophorales, Glomerellales, The class Sordariomycetes is composed of three subclasses Halosphaeriales, Melanosporales, Microascales, Phylla- and about 21 orders including many genera with species that chorales, Pleurotheciales, Savoryellales, Sordariales, express themselves in both their sexual and asexual morphs. Togniniales, Torpedosporales, and Xylariales. ARTICLE Based on the obsolete version of Article 59 of the outdated International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (McNeill et al. 2006), these morphs had previously been described in RECOMMENDATIONS FOR GENERIC NAMES different genera resulting in more than one scientific name for a single fungal species. With the change to the International (A) = a name typified by an asexual morph, and (S) = a name Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN; typified by a sexual morph. McNeill et al. 2012), two or more names for different morphs of the same species are no longer allowed. Although determining Amphisphaeriales which name to use generally follows the principle of priority of publication at the family, generic and species level, Use Dyrithiopsis L. Cai et al. 2003 (S) rather exceptions to this principle are allowed, especially in the case than Monochaetiopsis L. Cai et al. 2003 (A) of economically important and widely used taxa. The monotypic genera Dyrithiopsis, typified by D. In this paper generic names that appear to compete lakefuxianensis, and Monochaetiopsis, typified by M. for use are reviewed to determine if their respective type lakefuxiansis, were described as the sexual and asexual species are congeneric using various resources including morph of the same species at the same time (Jeewon et the USDA SMML Fungal Databases (http://nt.ars-grin.gov/ al. 2003), thus they are synonyms and have equal priority. fungaldatabases/) and Wijayawardene et al. (2012). If so, Because Dyrithiopsis has been cited more widely in the then a number of factors are considered in deciding which literature, we recommend Dyrithiopsis for use. generic name to recommend for use. These factors include the number of species in each competing genus, which Use Hyalotiopsis Punith. 1970 (A) rather than correlates with the number of name changes that would be Ellurema Nag Raj & W.B. Kendr. 1985 (S) required, and how widely used are species in each genus When Punithalingam (1970) described the genus Hyalotiopsis, as determined by reports and peer-reviewed publications. If typified by H. subramanianii, he noted that the sexual morph these factors are about equal, then the generic name that was Massaria indica, the basionym of Ellurema indica, type of has priority by date is recommended for use. For each set of the monotypic Ellurema, thus Hyalotiopsis and Ellurema are competing generic names, these factors are discussed based synonyms. This history was recounted by Nag Raj & Kendrick on the literature. Finally, a draft of these recommendations (1986) when they described Ellurema. A second species of was circulated widely amongst the community of mycologists Hyalotiopsis has been redisposed in Parahyalotiopsis as P. interested in each major group of fungi to arrive at the borassi (syn. Hyalotiopsis borassi) (Nag Raj 1976), thus both proposals made here. genera include only one species. Given their equal use, we A synopsis of data concerning each genus is provided in follow priority and recommend Hyalotiopsis for use. Table 1 listing the generic