abbreviations Ausw. Amt: Auswärtiges Amt (Foreign Offi ce) ba-Berlin: Bundesarchiv Berlin (German Federal Archives, Berlin-Lichterfelde) ba-Koblenz: Bundesarchiv Koblenz (German Federal Archives, Koblenz) ba-ma-Freiburg: Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv Freiburg (German Federal Archives–Military Archives, Freiburg im Breisgau) dbc: Deutsche Botschaft China (German Embassy in China) deic: Dutch East Indies Company dhpg: Deutsche Handels- und Plantagen-Gesellschaft der Südsee-Inseln zu Ham- burg, or German Trade and Plantation Society for the South Sea Islands in Hamburg dswa: Deutsch Südwest Afrika (German Southwest Africa) lms: London Missionary Society nan: National Archives of Namibia (Windhoek, Namibia) nzna agca: New Zealand National Archives, Archives of the German Colonial Administration pa-aa: Politisches Archiv des Auswärtigen Amts (Political Archives of the German Foreign Offi ce) r: recto rka: Reichskolonialamt (Imperial Colonial Offi ce) rma: Reichsmarineamt (Imperial Navy Offi ce) rmg: Rheinische Missionsgesellschaft (Rhenish Missionary Society) rt: Reichstag sos: Seminar für Orientalische Sprachen (Seminar for Oriental Languages) swa: South West Africa swac: South West Africa Company v: verso vem: Vereinigte Evangelische Mission (United Evangelical Mission, Wuppertal) map 1 Southwest Africa map 2 Oceania HAWAI'I RATAK (contemporary) (Marshall Islands) SOLOMON ISLANDS NEW SAMOA GUINEA AMERICAN FIJI SAMOA TAHITI NEW TONGA CALEDONIA AUSTRALIA NEW ZEALAND 0250 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 Kilometers map 3 Saleaula SAVAI‘I Safotu Samoa • • GAGA‘EMAUGA Vaisala GAGAIFOMAUGA • • • Asau Sataua ASAU FA‘ASALELAGA • Safotulafai ‘UPOLU SALEGA Palauli • • FA‘ATOAFE TUAMASAGA APIA Satupa‘itea Mulinuu Peninsula Leulumoega • Afenga • Malie Apia • A’ANA • Valima Lufilufi • AT UA 1005 10203040 Kilometers map 4 Shandong Province Beijing Yizhou (1897–1914) Tianjin Canal Dagu Grand Zhili Province Bo Hai Weihaiwei ver w Ri Cheefoo Yello 50km Zone Jinan Gaomi Jimo Jiaozhou Jiaozhou Leasehold Qingdao Yanzhou Qufu Rizhao Juye Jining Yellow Sea Henan Province Jiangsu Province 5025 0 50 100 150 Kilometers map 5 German colony of Kiaochow 50km Zone Gaomi Jimo Jiaozhou Jiaozhou Leasehold Ta bu tou Nugutou Licun Cankou Shazikou Jung Shih Yai Qingdao 010 20406080 Kilometers map 6 Qingdao (ca. 1911) Large Harbor Taidong Small Dabaodao Harbor Taix izhen Qingdao Qingdao Bay Yellow Sea .