Nuclear Developments NUCLEAR-RELATED TRADE AND COOPERATION DEVELOPMENTS, JUNE 1994-SEPTEMBER 1994 EMERGING NUCLEAR SUPPLIER STATES 9/94 center is not enriching uranium above 20 Latin American officials report that percent, the maximum enrichment level ARGENTINA Argentina’s pilot gaseous diffusion centri- which its license allows. Assistant Secre- fuge plant at Pilcaniyeu, currently only par- tary of the Brazilian-Argentine Agency for tially operational, will go fully online in Accounting and Control of Nuclear Materi- 1995 after repairs are completed. als (ABACC) Carlos Feu Alvim states that Mark Hibbs, NuclearFuel, 9/26/94, p. 3 (11664). Brazil’s adherence to the Quadripartite INTERNAL DEVELOPMENTS Agreement (between Brazil, Argentina, 9/26/94 ABACC, and the IAEA) is evidence that 6/21/94 It is reported that although President Menem Brazil will use its nuclear facilities only for Argentine President Carlos Menem pledges said [in 6/94] that Argentina would join the peaceful purposes. to introduce legislation in the Argentine NPT, the Argentine legislature has not yet Agencia de Estado (Sao Paulo), 7/7/94; in FBIS- Congress “asking for approval” for Argen- given its approval. LAT-94-132, 7/11/94, p. 17 (11553). tina to sign the NPT. Mark Hibbs, NuclearFuel, 9/26/94, pp. 3-4 (11966). Maria O’Donnell, Pagina/12 (Buenos Aires), 6/22/ Mid-9/94 94, p. 11; in JPRS-TND-94-014, 7/13/94, p. 26 Latin American officials say ABACC wants (11822). ARGENTINA WITH ABACC, BRAZIL, to discuss terms for inspector access to safe- AND IAEA guarded nuclear facilities in Argentina and Mid-8/94 Brazil with the IAEA and facility operators Argentina’s CNEA takes bids for the sup- 7/7/94 prior to 1996. The IAEA has already writ- ply of approximately 130,000 lbs. U308. ten Facility Attachments for all Brazilian and NuclearFuel, 8/29/94, p. 17 (11907). It is reported that the IAEA will inspect Brazil’s Angra-1 nuclear power plant, the Argentine locations previously covered un- fuel element factory in Resende, the Coor- der INFCIRC-66 style safeguards agree- dinating Center for Special Projects ments. The IAEA is in the process of in- (Copesp) plant for conversion of uranium specting the military-run facilities not cov- The numbers listed in parenthesis following into uranium hexafluoride, and three re- ered by INFCIRC-66, and, under a bilat- the bibliographic references refer to the search reactors located at the Institute for eral agreement, Argentina and Brazil have identification number of the document in Nuclear and Energy Research (IPEN) in Sao already conducted joint inspections of all the Emerging Nuclear Suppliers Project Paulo, the Nuclear Technological Develop- nuclear facilities in both countries. All Database, from which the news summaries ment Center (CTDN) in Rio de Janeiro, and nuclear materials in Brazil and Argentina are abstracted. Because of the rapidly the Nuclear Energy Institute (IEN) in Belo will be under ABACC and IAEA control by changing nature of the subject matter, The Horizonte. The IAEA is currently analyz- 11/94. Nonproliferation Review is unable to Mark Hibbs, NuclearFuel, 9/26/94, pp. 3-4 (11966). ing uranium samples which it obtained while guarantee that the information reported inspecting the Navy Aramar Research Cen- herein is complete or accurate, and ter in Ipero, Sao Paulo, to verify that the disclaims liability to any party for any loss or damage caused by errors or omissions. 64 The Nonproliferation Review/Winter 1995 Nuclear Developments ARGENTINA WITH ABACC AND UNITED STATES Mid-9/94 BRAZIL Latin American officials say ABACC wants 9/26/94 to discuss terms for inspector access to safe- It is reported that ABACC is jointly design- guarded nuclear facilities in Argentina and ing a “safeguards regime” with U.S. Depart- Brazil with the IAEA and facility operators ment of Energy experts and the Martin prior to 1996. The IAEA has already writ- Marietta Corp. in order to effectively man- INTERNAL DEVELOPMENTS ten Facility Attachments for all Brazilian and age the large process inventory at Argentina’s Argentine locations previously covered un- Pilcaniyeu station. 9/21/94 der INFCIRC-66 style safeguards agree- Mark Hibbs, NuclearFuel, 9/26/94, pp. 3-4 (11966). Senior Latin American officials report Bra- ments. The IAEA is in the process of in- zil is evaluating plans to build a centrifuge specting the military-run facilities not cov- enrichment plant using domestic technol- ered by INFCIRC-66, and, under a bilat- ARGENTINA WITH ALGERIA, EGYPT, AND ogy. The plant would be run by Brazil’s eral agreement, Argentina and Brazil have PERU commercial fuel cycle industry and would already conducted joint inspections of all have a capacity to supply separative work nuclear facilities in both countries. All 9/94 units (SWU) for up to 2,000 MW of “in- nuclear materials in Brazil and Argentina stalled nuclear generation capacity” for use Officials report that Argentina plans to ex- will be under ABACC and IAEA control by at Brazil’s Angra nuclear power complex. port enriched fuel with up to 20 percent U235 11/94. Mark Hibbs, NuclearFuel, 9/26/94, p. 3 (11664). Mark Hibbs, NuclearFuel, 9/26/94, pp. 3-4 (11966). to Algeria, Peru, and Egypt for use in their research reactors. Mark Hibbs, NuclearFuel, 9/26/94, p. 3 (11664). BRAZIL WITH ABACC, ARGENTINA, BRAZIL WITH GERMANY AND IAEA ARGENTINA WITH CANADA Mid-7/94 7/7/94 Siemens AG reports that as a result of 6/21/94 It is reported that the IAEA will inspect Brazil’s agreement to implement full-scope Argentine Minister of Foreign Affairs and Brazil’s Angra-1 nuclear power plant, the IAEA safeguards, it is negotiating with International Trade Guido Di Tella and Ca- fuel element factory in Resende, the Coor- Nuclebras of Brazil over terms for possible nadian Foreign Minister Andre Ouellette dinating Center for Special Projects restart of bilateral cooperation on Brazilian sign a nuclear cooperation agreement per- (Copesp) plant for conversion of uranium fuel cycle infrastructure development. The mitting Canadian firms to furnish reactor into uranium hexafluoride, and three re- German government had halted the coop- components and nuclear fuel to Argentina’s search reactors located at the Institute for eration program in the mid-1980s over sus- German-supplied reactor. The agreement Nuclear and Energy Research (IPEN) in Sao picions that Brazil was using German know- also allows for future reactor sales to Ar- Paulo, the Nuclear Technological Develop- how to clandestinely develop nuclear weap- gentina. ment Center (CTDN) in Rio de Janeiro, and ons. The two companies have received ap- Ray Silver, Nucleonics Week, 6/23/94, pp. 8-9 the Nuclear Energy Institute (IEN) in Belo proval to undertake the second and third (11822). Dave Todd, Ottawa Citizen, 6/21/94, p. Horizonte. The IAEA is currently analyz- steps of their initial agreement: building a A7 (11822). ing uranium samples which it obtained while plant in Brazil for enriched UO2 fuel pellet inspecting the Navy Aramar Research Cen- production and constructing a facility to ter in Ipero, Sao Paulo, to verify that the convert UO2 to UF6. Siemens still has not center is not enriching uranium above 20 applied for permits to export the facilities. percent, the maximum enrichment level Mark Hibbs, NuclearFuel, 7/18/94, p. 12 (11592). ARGENTINA WITH UNITED STATES which its license allows. Assistant Secre- tary of the Brazilian-Argentine Agency for 8/94 8/29/94 Accounting and Control of Nuclear Materi- The Brazilian and German governments say The U.S. removes Argentina, Brazil, Chile, als (ABACC) Carlos Feu Alvim states that they will not abandon their nuclear coop- and South Africa from a list of countries Brazil’s adherence to the Quadripartite eration treaty, which is scheduled to end in (Section 810.8(a) list of 10 CFR Part 810) Agreement (between Brazil, Argentina, 1995. Construction of the Brazilian Angra- requiring specific authorization before U.S. ABACC, and the IAEA) is evidence that 2 reactor—the major remaining project of the firms can assist with nuclear power reac- Brazil will use its nuclear facilities only for bilateral treaty—is 75 percent complete. The tors. peaceful purposes. German government and Brazil’s Furnais Kathleen Hart, NuclearFuel, 8/29/94, p. 5 (11607). Agencia de Estado (Sao Paulo), 7/7/94; in FBIS- Centrais Electricas will make available fur- LAT-94-132, 7/11/94, p. 17 (11553). The Nonproliferation Review/Winter 1995 65 Nuclear Developments ther financing for completion of the plant. agreement also covers high technology trans- (Section 810.8(a) list of 10 CFR Part 810) Nuclear Engineering International, 8/94, p. 5 fer. requiring specific authorization before U.S. (11554). Andrey Kurguzov, Itar-Tass (Moscow), 9/16/94; in firms can assist with nuclear power reac- FBIS-SOV-94-180, 9/16/94, p. 13 (11687). tors. 8/17/94 Kathleen Hart, NuclearFuel, 8/29/94, p. 5 (11607). Germany announces that it has removed 9/26/94 Brazil from its “H List,” thus lifting restric- Brazilian National Nuclear Energy Commis- tions on the supply of sensitive nuclear tech- sion (CNEA) President Jose Mauro Esteves nologies from German companies. dos Santos says that although Russia and O Estado de Sao Paulo, 8/18/94, p. 1; in JPRS- Brazil recently signed a nuclear coopera- TND-94-017, 9/8/94, p. 14 (11594). tion agreement, Russia will not supply Bra- INDIA zil with technology or equipment for build- 9/26/94 ing a commercial-scale centrifuge enrich- Brazil is reportedly evaluating acquisition ment plant. of a pressurized water reactor fuel fabrica- Mark Hibbs, NuclearFuel, 9/26/94, p.3 (11664). tion plant from Siemens AG.