Working Group on Thermal Treatment of Waste Energy from Waste State-of-the-Art-Report Statistics 5th Edition August 2006 Cover photo The photo on the front cover shows the SYSAV plant in Malmö, Sweden. For the time being the plant has three furnace lines and burns nearly 400,000 tonnes of waste pr. year. A 4th new line similar to line 3 with a capacity of 25 t/h is to go into operation by 2008. (Photo by Bo Strandh). The general manager of SYSAV, Mr. Hakon Rylander is chairman of ISWA’s Working Group on Thermal Treatment of Waste. The vice-chairman of the Working Group, Mr. Jørgen Haukohl of Rambøll Danmark A/S is the editor of this publication. Rambøll has been consultant for SYSAV on development of the Waste to Energy plant since 1998. Energy from Waste State-of-the-Art Report 5th Edition 2006 Austria • Belgium • Czech Republic • Denmark Finland • France • Germany Great Britain • Hungary • Italy • Netherlands • Norway Portugal • Spain • Sweden • Switzerland • USA Working Group on Thermal Treatment of Waste Impressum: Copyright: © by ISWA 2006 Edited by: Rambøll Danmark A/S Teknikerbyen 31 DK-2830 Virum Denmark Phone +45 4598 6000 Fax +45 4598 8520 Website: www.ramboll.dk Contact person: Jørgen haukohl E-mail: [email protected] Published by: ISWA Working Group on Thermal Treatment of Waste c/o ISWA General Secretariat Vesterbrogade 74, 3rd floor DK-1620 Copenhagen V Denmark Phone: +45 32 96 15 88 Fax: +45 32 96 15 84 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.iswa.org Table of contents 1. Introduction 1 2. Waste to energy plants in Europe 3 2.1 Number of plants and capacity 3 2.2 Amounts of waste treated 6 2.3 Energy sold 9 2.4 Residues 11 National data 12 Abbreviations 12 Austria 13 Belgium 21 Czech Republic 31 Denmark 35 Finland 47 France 51 Germany 87 Great Britain 109 Hungary 119 Italy 123 Netherlands 141 Norway 149 Portugal 157 Spain 161 Sweden 169 Switzerland 181 USA 193 1. Introduction This is the 5th Edition of the State-of-the Art Report on waste to energy plants pre- pared by Rambøll on behalf of the ISWA Working Group on Thermal Treatment of Waste. This 5th Edition presents information on the plants in 16 European countries by year 2005 and includes operational data covering 2004. The countries included are Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. To the best of the editors’ knowledge these 16 countries represent all European countries with waste to energy plants with the ex- ception of Luxembourg with only one plant incinerating 130.000 tonnes of waste per year. Data on the individual incineration plants are presented country by country in three tables in the report: 1. General Information (location, name, address etc.) 2. Technical Information (number of lines, capacity, furnace/boiler and flue gas treatment systems including their suppliers etc.) 3. Operational data (quantities incinerated, residues formed and energy produced and sold) The report covers MSW incineration plants with a capacity of more than 15 ton- nes/day or 10,000 tonnes/year, which means that special plants for hazardous waste, sludge, agricultural and hospital wastes are not included. The data has been collected through a questionnaire that was distributed to the waste to energy plants in the various countries in 2005. In general, the response rate on the questionnaire has been high in most countries, near to 100%, and it is believed that almost all the existing plants in the 16 countries are included. How- ever, for Austria, Belgium, France, Great Britain and Portugal technical information and operational data are not complete for all of the plants. In total the report brings information on 431 European waste to energy plants. This is an increase of 15% compared to the 375 plants listed in the 4th Edition embracing 14 countries. The increase is primarily due to a better response rate to the question- naires (Austria, Great Britain, Norway and Sweden). In most of the other countries the number of plants has remained constant or increased. However, as an exception to this trend, the number of plants in Italy has gone down from 62 to 51 due to clo- sure of old plants. Of the increase, the two additional countries, the Czech Republic and Finland, ac- counts for 4 plants. 1 The first section of the report contains a comparison of the 16 countries in terms of number of plants, amount of waste treated, energy sold and the residues generated. The second section presents the above national tables with general information, technical information and operational data for the waste to energy plants data in the 16 countries. Finally, the report contains information on the waste-to-energy plants in USA. Acknowledgements The editors express their gratitude for the kind and useful collaboration from the following contact persons in the various countries. Dr. Philipp Krobath, Fernvärme Wien, Austria Mrs. Katleen van den Eynden, Public Waste Agency of Flanders (OVAM), Belgium Mrs. Ella Stengler, CEWEP, Belgium Mrs. Jana Penickova, TERMIZO a.s, Czech Republic Mr. Esko Pohjanen, City of Turku, Finland Mr. Robert Morin, Veolia Proprete, France Mrs. Kyra Dreher,. ITAD e.V., Germany Mr. Tom Ellis,The Chartered Institute of Waste Management (CIWM), U.K Mr. János Bánhidy, FKF, Hungary Mrs. Valentina Cipriano, Federambiente and Mr. Antonio Bonomi, ASM Brescia, Italy Mr. Edward Pfeiffer, Kema, Netherlands Mr. Håkon Jentoft, Avfall Norge, Norway Mrs. Ana Loureiro, Valorsul, Portugal Mrs. Amalia Cerda, Tirme S.A., Spain Mr. Conrad Bader, Von Roll Inova, Switzerland Mr. Anders Hedenstedt, Svenska Renhållningsverksföreningen (RVF), Sweden Mr. Ted Michaels, Integrated Waste Services Association, USA Virum, August 2006 Rambøll Danmark A/S Error! Reference source not found.Error! Reference source not found. 2 2. Waste to energy plants in Europe This section presents a comparison of the waste to energy plants in Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Fr 2.1 Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland in 2004/2005. Number of plants and capacity The total number of incineration plants in the 16 countries in 2005 was 431 as shown country by country in Figure 1: 140 120 100 ance, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, 80 No. of60 plants 40 20 0 Austria Figure 1: Belgium Data on waste capacity are complete or almost complete for all the countries with the exception of Austria and Great Britain, where data are complete for respectively Number ofCzech Plants, Rep. 2005 50% and 70% of the plants. These two countries are marked with * in the section below. Denmark Finland It is worth noting that the Waste Incineration Directive (2000/76/EC) was to be fully implemented in the EU Member States by 28 December 2005.Franc Thise might have caused some plants to close during 2005. Consequently, the total number of plants and their capacities listed may be on the high side. Germany Great Britain The number of furnaces per plant3 varies from 1 to 8. The average size of the plants (tonnes/hour/plant) in 2005 is shown in Figure 2. Hungary Italy Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland 80 70 60 50 40 30 Capacity20 (tonnes/hour/plant) 10 0 Austria* Figure 2: Belgium As can be seen, there are Czegreatch differences Rep. in the average size of the plants from one country to the other. Capacity per plant (averageDenma size),rk 2005 The data behind the graphs in Figure 1 and 2 areFinland shown in Table 1. The table con- tains information on the number of plants, their total capacity (nominal) in ton- nes/hour and the average capacity in tonnes/hour/plant forFra eachnce of the 16 countries. Germany In addition the table contains the total number of plants and capacity in the 16 coun- tries as well as the average plant size. Great Britain* Hungary Italy Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Sweden 4 Switzerland Error! Reference source not found.Error! Reference source not found. Plants and capacities Total Capacity per Country No. of capacity plant plants tonnes/h tonnes/h/plant Austria* 9 91 10,1 Belgium 18 367 20,4 Czech Rep. 3 117 39,0 Denmark 34 577 17,0 Finland 1 8 8,0 France 127 1.909 15,0 Germany 68 2.445 36,0 Great Britain* 22 386 17,5 Hungary 1 60 60,0 Italy 51 690 13,5 Netherlands 11 670 60,9 Norway 13 78 6,0 Portugal 3 205 68,3 Spain 10 245 24,5 Sweden 30 513 17,1 Switzerland 30 464 15,5 Sum/average 431 8.825 20,5 * Data are incomplete for these countries, however the no. of plants should be correct. Table 1: Plants and capacities, 2005 5 2.2 Amounts of waste treated Operational data are complete or almost complete for all countries with the excep- tion of Portugal, where operational data are missing for 1 out of 3 plants, Austria, Belgium and France, where operational data are only 50-60% complete, and Great Britain, where operational data have only been obtained for 20% of the plants. These countries are marked with * in the following sections. The amounts of waste incinerated in the 16 countries in 2004 are shown in Figure 3. 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 Waste treated (mill. tonnes/year) 4 2 0 Austria* Figure 3: Belgium* The average amounts of Czewastech treatedRep. per Figure 4 and 5. Amounts of waste treated, 2004 Denmark Finland France* Germany Great Britain* Hungary Italy 6 Netherlands plant and per capita in 2004 Nareorw shownay in Portugal* Spain Sweden Switzerland Error! Reference source not found.Error! Reference source not found.