(1) Model Answer Key Date : 10/11/2019 A - lqijewu A - Supermoon &- lqijewu og [kxksyh; ?kVuk gS ftlds nkSjku panzek A supermoon is a full moon or new moon that nearly coincides with perigee—the closest that i`Foh ds lcls djhc gksrk gS vkSj 14 Qhlnh vf/kd the Moon comes to the Earth in its elliptical pedrk gS bls isfjxh ewu Hkh dgrs gSa /kjrh ls orbit—resulting in a slightly larger­than­usual utnhd okyh fLFkfr dks isfjxh ¼3]56]500 fdyksehVj½ apparent size of the lunar disk as viewed from vkSj nwj okyh fLFkfr dks viksxh ¼4]06]700 fdyksehVj½ Earth. The technical name is a perigee syzygy dgrs gSaA (of the Earth–Moon–Sun system) or a full (or new) Moon around perigee B - czákaM o"kZ B - Cosmic year & lq;Z }kjk eankduh dk ,d pDdj iwjk djus esa yxk The galactic year, also known as a cosmic year, le; czákaM o"kZ dgykrk gSA is the duration of time required for the Sun to orbit once around the center of the Milky Way & bldk ifjsØe.k dky 25 o"kZ dk gksrk gSA Galaxy.Estimates of the length of one orbit range & ;g 250km/sec dh xfr ls ifjdek dj jgk gSA from 225 to 250 million terrestrial years. C - E-—f"k C - Define E-Agriculture ? & Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk esa —f"k{ks= esa ubZ rduhdh dk e­Agriculture is a global Community of Practice, lw=ikr gqvk gS ftlls Hkkjr ds fdlku E­—f"k ds where people from all over the world exchange information, ideas, and resources related to the www.kautilyaacademy.com tfj;s u;h fe'kky dk;e dj jgs gSA use of information and communication www.facebook.com/KTSZone & TkSls&—f"k fo'ofo|ky;ksa ds varxZr cht] —f"k technologies (ICT) for sustainable agriculture vfHk;kaf=dh ;a=A and rural development. D - 'kSy pØ D - What is Rock Cycle? & volknh] vkXus;] dk;kUrfjr pV~Vkuks dk ,d&nwljs The rock cycle is a basic concept in geology that esa ifjofrZr gksuk pgku pØ dgykrk gSA defines the laborious transitions through geologic time among the three main rock types: • Igneous rocks • Sedimentary rocks • Metamorphic rocks This cycle is an uninterrupted process through which old rocks are converted into new ones. Phone No. 0731- 4266821, 98939 9541 Kautilya Academy Mob.: 94250 68121 (2) E - balsycxZ E - Inseberg & ok;q }kjk fufeZr LFkyk—fr gSA An inselberg is an isolated hill, ridge, or small mountain that abruptly protrudes out from a & iouksa ds izHkkoh vijnu ls pV~Vkuks dk Hkkx dV virtually level surrounding plain. dj lery gks tkrk gS ijUrq dgha&dgha dBksj An inselberg is one of the landforms resulting pV~kuh; Hkkx Vhys ds :Ik esa gksrs gS ftUgs balsycxZ from erosional processes. dgrs gSA Some of the world’s most impressive inselbergs have been sighted in Africa and the Middle East. F - ckny QVuk& F - Cloud Burst & ;g ewlyk /kkj ckfj'k dh fLFkfr gSA It is an extreme amount of precipitation in a short period of time to a small geographical area. & blds varxZr 10 lseh@izfr?kaVk ;k mlls vf/kd Meteorologists say the rain from a cloudburst is rst ls o"kkZ gksrh gSA usually of the shower type with a fall rate equal to or greater than 100 mm (4.94 inches) per hour. & O;kid tu&/ku dh gkfu gksrh gSA Cloudburst is basically a rainstorm and occurs mostly in the desert and mountainous regions, and in interior regions of continental landmasses due to the warm air current from the ground or below the clouds rushes up and carries the falling raindrops up with it G - psjh CykWle vkSj eSxks lkoj G - Cherry blossom and Mango shower & ifjpekSÙkj Hkkjr esa xzh"Ek _rq esa ekulwu iqrZ gksuh The pre­monsoon rain is also known as April rain or summer rain and it is formed due to the okyh o"kkZ gSA storm over the Bay of Bengal. & dukZVd esa bls psjh CykWle dgrs gS tks dkWQh Pre­monsoon showers in Karnataka and Kerala mRiknu ykHknk;d gSA that help in the ripening of mangoes are also & dsjy esa bls eSxks lkoj dgrs gSA called “Mango Showers”. Deficiency of these rains affects the mango harvest in South India. In Karnataka, the pre­monsoon showers called www.kautilyaacademy.com cherry blossoms are beneficial for coffee www.facebook.com/KTSZone plantation. H - LFkyk—fr H - What is Landform. & i`Foh ds /kjkry ij fo/kokj leLr mPpkop LFkyk— A landform is a natural feature of the solid fr dgykrs gSA surface of the Earth. Examples include Mountains, Plateaus, and Plains.Forces inside & ;g fofHkUu <kyks ds lek;kstu ls gksrk gSA and outside the earth can change the shape of & izdkj the earth’s surface. Endogenic forces and exogenic forces can create 1- izkFkfed ¼egklkxjh;] egk}hih;½ a lot of landforms. 2- f}rh;d ¼ioZr] iBkj½ 3- r`rh;d ¼MsYVk] ?kkVh½ & fuekZ.k& vartkZr o cfgtkZr cy lsA Phone No. 0731- 4266821, 98939 9541 Kautilya Academy Mob.: 94250 68121 (3) I - CySd gksy I - Black Hole & rkjk fuekZ.k dh vafre voLFkk gSA A black hole is a region of spacetime exhibiting gravitational acceleration so strong that & mPp ?kuRo o mPp vke"kZ.k cy gksrk gSA nothing—no particles or electromagnetic & mnk- jkWx CySdgksy nks ;k vf/kd CySdgkWy dk radiation such as light—can escape from it. lewgA Black Hole is a region of space resulting from the collapse of a star; extremely high & bl ladYiuk dk izfriknu tku Oghyj us fd;kA gravitational field. & czká.M dk 80% Hkkx CYkSd gksy ls cuk gSA J - Hkwfe lq/kj ds mís'; J - Objective of land Reform & —f"k dk lqfu;ksftr dk fodkl ­ Redistribution of land across society so that land is not held in the hands of a few people. & catj Hkwfe dks mi;ksxh cukuk ­ Land ceiling to disburse surplus land amongst & fdlkuks dks 'kks"k.k ls eqfDr fnykukA small and marginal farmers. & xzkeh.k fodkl djukA ­ Removal of rural poverty. ­ Abolition of intermediaries. ­ Tenancy reforms. ­ Increasing agricultural productivity. ­ Developing cooperative farming. K - e/;izns'k ds rki fo|qr la;= K - Important thermal power plants of M.P. & lar flaxkth rki fo|qr la;a=&[kjxksu 1. Amarkantak Extn (210 MW) & 'kkj.kh rk-fo-la-&cSrqy 2. Sanjay Gandhi, Birsinghpur 3. Shri Singaji TPS Dongalia & lat; fo-la-&mefj;k 4. Satpura Thermal Power Plant 5. Vindhyachal Super Thermal Power Station www.kautilyaacademy.com L - Name the three non-metallic minerals? L - rhu xSj ?kkfRod [kfut www.facebook.com/KTSZone & pwuk iRFkj Limestone, manganese, mica, gypsum, coal, & dks;yk dolomite, phosphate, salt, granite, etc. & laxejej & LysV M - dksMjek dh [kku M - Koderma Mine & >kj[kaM esa fLFkr gSA Koderma mine is a well­known place for mica production in Jharkhand. & [kfut & vHkzd ds fy;s izfla) Mica is found in a belt extending for about 150 km in length and 32 km in width from Gaya district of Bihar to Hazaribagh and Koderma districts of Jharkhand. This belt contains the richest deposits of high quality ruby mica. Phone No. 0731- 4266821, 98939 9541 Kautilya Academy Mob.: 94250 68121 (4) N - Hkkjrh; ekSle os/k'kkyk dgk gS N - Where is the Indian Weather Observatory? & iq.k esa fLFkr gSA Indian Meteorological Department was established in the year 1875 with its headquarters at Calcutta. The headquarters was shifted to Shimla in 1905, to Pune in 1928 and then to Delhi in 1944. O - jsuxu izkS|ksfxdh O - Raingun Technology & flapkbZ dh vk/kqfud rduhdh A Rain gun is a high­performance micro­ irrigation device and it is designed for a variety & iz/kkuea=h —f"k flapkbZ ;kstuk ds rgr lfClMh nh of uses and applications where relatively high tk jgh gSA flows and extended radius of the water throw are desired. & ykHk& 20&30 ehVj rd ckfj'k djk;h tk ldrh Rain gun sprinkler is available with an operating gSA pressure of 2.0 to 7.5 kg/cm2 and flow of 3 to 30 & ikuh@ty dk laj{k.k lps. Most of them have nozzle diameters ranging from 10 to 30 mm and a wetting radius of around 27­ 60 meter. www.kautilyaacademy.com www.facebook.com/KTSZone Phone No. 0731- 4266821, 98939 9541 Kautilya Academy Mob.: 94250 68121 (5) PART- A 6 Marks A- Hkwdaih; rjaxsa D;k gSa & os Nk;k {ks= ¼'kSMks tksu½ A - What are Seismic waves - why they make Shadow zone ? D;ksa cukrh gSa\ Seismic waves are waves of energy that travel & Hkwdai ds nkSjku dsUnz ;k Qksdl ls eqDr gq;h ÅtkZ through the Earth’s layers, and are a result of pkjks fn'kkvksa esa rajx ds :Ik esa lapkfyr gksrh ftUg earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, magma Hkwdaih; dgrs gSA] movement, large landslides and large man­made explosions that give out low­frequency acoustic & izdkj 1- P rajx] S rjax] L rajx energy.Seismic waves are studied by & {kk;k {ks= & ftu LFkkuks ij Hkwdai rjaxs ugha igq¡prh geophysicists called seismologists. mUgs Hkwdai {kk;k {ks= dgrs gSA Types of Seismic wave - & fuekZ.k & P {kk;k {ks= & bldk fuekZ.k 108 ls 1430 1) P­waves the “first” body waves ­ the ones that travel the fastest and through any type of medium ds e/; gksrkgSA (solid, liquid, gas). They propagate longitudinally bldk fuekZ.k rjaxks ds viorZu ds dkj.k gksrk gSA on the propagation direction. & S {kk;k {ks=& bldk fuekZ.k 108 ls 108 ds chp 2) Secondary (S­wave) ­ These are shear waves, gksrk gS ;g dsoy Bksl voLFkk esa lapj.k djrh gSA which arrive after the P­waves.