Photograph by Kevin Foster, USFWS DRAFT FISH AND WILDLIFE COORDINATION ACT REPORT KALAELOA (BARBER’S POINT) DEEP DRAFT HARBOR OAHU, HAWAII DECEMBER 2007 DRAFT FISH AND WILDLIFE COORDINATION ACT REPORT KALAELOA (BARBER’S POINT) DEEP DRAFT HARBOR OAHU, HAWAII Prepared by Mr. Kevin Foster, Dr. Zac Forsman and Ms. Nadiera Sukhraj U.S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office Honolulu, HI Prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Honolulu District Fort Shafter, Hawaii December 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................1 Authority, Purpose and Scope..............................................................................................1 Prior Fish and Wildlife Service Studies and Reports.......................................................... 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT AREA...................................................................................5 FISH AND WILDLIFE RESOURCE CONCERNS AND PLANNING OBJECTIVES ...............6 EVALUATION METHODOLOGY ...............................................................................................8 Marine Biological Assessment ............................................................................................8 Algae....................................................................................................................................9 Corals ...................................................................................................................................9 Macroinvertebrates ............................................................................................................10 Reef Fish ............................................................................................................................10 DESCRIPTION OF FISH AND WILDLIFE RESOURCES ........................................................13 Existing Marine Resources................................................................................................13 Jetty Site: Nearshore reef flat habitat (Survey Stations 1, 2, 3 and 4) Survey Station 1.................................................................................................................14 Survey Station 2.................................................................................................................15 Survey Station 3.................................................................................................................16 Survey Station 4.................................................................................................................17 Northwest of Entrance Channel: Porites sp. and shelf pavement habitats (Survey Stations 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11) Survey Station 5.................................................................................................................18 Survey Station 6.................................................................................................................20 Survey Station 7.................................................................................................................21 Survey Station 8.................................................................................................................22 Survey Station 9.................................................................................................................24 Survey Station 10...............................................................................................................25 Survey Station 11...............................................................................................................26 Southeast of Entrance Channel: Porites sp., Pocillopora sp. and shelf pavement habitats (Survey Stations 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16) Survey Station 12...............................................................................................................28 Survey Station 13...............................................................................................................29 Survey Station 14...............................................................................................................30 Survey Station 15...............................................................................................................31 Survey Station 16...............................................................................................................33 Entrance Channel: Reef crest habitat (Survey Stations 17, 18 and 19) Survey Station 17...............................................................................................................34 Survey Station 18...............................................................................................................35 Survey Station 19...............................................................................................................37 Community Level Patterns ................................................................................................38 Future without the Project..................................................................................................39 DESCRIPTION OF ALTERNATIVES EVALUATED ...............................................................40 Alternative 1: Harbor and Channel Deepening (200 Anchor Point System).....................42 Alternative 2: Harbor and Channel Deepening (200 Anchor Point System) with Jetty Parallel to the Entrance Channel (Preferred Alternative): .................................................42 Alternative 3: Harbor and Channel Deepening (200 Anchor Point System) with Jetty Angled to the Entrance Channel ........................................................................................42 Alternative 4: Harbor and Channel Deepening (30 Pile Anchor System).........................43 Alternative 5: Harbor Channel Deepening (30 Pile Anchor System) with Jetty Parallel to Entrance Channel..............................................................................................43 Alternative 6: Harbor Channel Deepening (30 Pile Anchor System) with Jetty Angled to Entrance Channel ..............................................................................................43 Alternative 7: No Action....................................................................................................43 PROJECT IMPACTS ....................................................................................................................46 Methods for estimating project impacts.............................................................................47 Alternative 1: Harbor and Channel Deepening (200 Anchor Point System).....................48 Alternative 2: Harbor and Channel Deepening (200 Anchor Point System) with Jetty Parallel to the Entrance Channel (Preferred Alternative): .................................................50 Alternative 3: Harbor and Channel Deepening (200 Anchor Point System) with Jetty Angled to the Entrance Channel ........................................................................................52 Alternative 4: Harbor and Channel Deepening (30 Pile Anchor System).........................54 Alternative 5: Harbor Channel Deepening (30 Pile Anchor System) with Jetty Parallel to Entrance Channel..............................................................................................56 Alternative 6: Harbor Channel Deepening (30 Pile Anchor System) with Jetty Angled to Entrance Channel ..............................................................................................58 Alternative 7: No Action....................................................................................................60 Impact Analysis Results.....................................................................................................60 FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE RECOMMENDATIONS......................................................62 Ensuring Success of Implemented Compensatory Mitigation...........................................63 Suggested Projects for Compensatory Mitigation .............................................................63 Scientific Monitoring of Compensatory Mitigation ..........................................................64 Performance Standards for Compensatory Mitigation ......................................................65 Effectiveness of Implemented Compensatory Mitigation .................................................65 Best Management Practices: Impact Avoidance and Minimization..................................65 SUMMARY AND FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE POSITION .............................................67 REFERENCES CITED..................................................................................................................68 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Map of the Pacific Ocean...........................................................................71 Figure 2 Island of Oahu, Hawaii. .............................................................................72 Figure 3 Kalaeloa Barber’s Point Deep Draft Harbor, Oahu. ..................................73 Figure 4 Kalaeloa Barber’s Point Deep Draft Harbor with survey stations in proposed project area. ................................................................................74 Figure 5 Entrance channel, turning basin, and proposed jetty (North Entrance Channel) at the Kalaeloa Barbers Point Deep Draft Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii........................................................................................................75