Beyond Boundaries II Beyond Boundaries II Pakistan - Afghanistan Track 1.5 and II cc Connecting People Building Peace Promoting Cooperation 1 Beyond Boundaries II Beyond Boundaries II Pakistan – Afghanistan Track 1.5 and II Connecting People Building Peace Promoting Cooperation 2 Beyond Boundaries II Beyond Boundaries II ©Center for Research and Security Studies 2018 All rights reserved This publication can be ordered from CRSS Islamabad office. All CRSS publications are also available free of cost for digital download from the CRSS website. 14-M, Ali Plaza, 2nd Floor, F-8 Markaz, Islamabad, Pakistan. Tel: +92-51-8314801-03 Fax: +92-51-8314804 www.crss.pk 3 Beyond Boundaries II TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. ACRONYMS ..................................................................................................... 5 2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................... 9 3. CONTEXTUALIZING BEYOND BOUNDARIES................................................... 11 4. FIRST MEETING OF THE PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN JOINT COMMITTEE ........ 56 5. SECOND MEETING OF PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN JOINT COMMITTEE .......... 72 6. THIRD MEETING OF PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN JOINT COMMITTEE .............. 95 7. FOURTH MEETING OF PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN JOINT COMMITTEE ........ 126 8. FIFTH MEETING OF PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN JOINT COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS/TRADE ........................................................................................ 149 9. SIXTH MEETING OF PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN JOINT COMMITTEE ............ 170 10. UNIVERSITY SURVEYS – EVALUATION FOR IMPROVEMENT IN PERCEPTIONS ............................................................................................................... 200 11. OVERALL PERCEPTION IMPROVEMENT IN UNIVERSITIES ........................... 205 12. JOINT DECLARATIONS/ POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS OF BEYOND BOUNDARIES II ............................................................................................ 206 13. ANNEXURES ................................................................................................ 218 ANNEXURE 1 ...................................................................................................... 218 ANNEXURE 2 ...................................................................................................... 249 ANNEXURE 3 ...................................................................................................... 268 ANNEXURE 4 ...................................................................................................... 272 ANNEXURE 5 ...................................................................................................... 275 ANNEXURE 6 ...................................................................................................... 283 4 Beyond Boundaries II 1. ACRONYMS 2. AAF Afghan Air Force ACCI Afghan Chamber of Commerce and Industry ACTA Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement Af Pak – Afghanistan – Pakistan ANA Afghan National Army ANP Afghan National Police APTTA Afghan Pakistan Transit Trade Agreement APTTCA Afghanistan Pakistan Transit Trade Coordinating Authority BRICS Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa BTA Bilateral Transport Agreement CARs Central Asian Republics CENTCOM Central Command CIA Central Intelligence Agency CIPS Centre for International Peace & Stability CM Chief Minister COAS Chief of Army Staff CPEC China Pakistan Economic Corridor CRSS Center for Research and Security Studies DG Director General DOD Department of Defense ECO Economic Cooperation Organization ECO-CCI Economic Cooperation Organization Chamber of Commerce & Industry ETIM East Turkestan Islamic Movement (China) FATA Federally Administered Tribal Areas FBR Federal Bureau of Revenue FCCU Forman Christian College University FPCCI Federation of Pakistan Chamber of Commerce and Industry GDP Gross Domestic Product GWOT Global War on Terrorism 5 Beyond Boundaries II H.E. His/Her Excellency IBA Institute of Business Administration IEDs Improvised Explosive Devices IG Inspector General IGP Inspector General of Police IMU Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan IBM Institute of Business Management IS Islamic State ISAF International Security Assistance Force ISI Inter-Services Intelligence IT Information Technology JEC Joint Economic Commission JuA Jamat-ul-Ahrar KAC Karachi Arts Council KCCI Karachi Chamber of Commerce and Industry KP Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Lt. Gen. Lieutenant General LUMS Lahore University of Management Sciences M & R Management and Resources Maj. Gen. Major General MEA Ministry of External Affairs MENA Middle East and North Africa MOFA Ministry of Foreign Affairs MOU Memorandum of Understanding MP Member of Parliament NAPA National Academy of Performing Arts NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization NCA National College of Arts NDS National Directorate of Security NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations NIPCONS NUST Institute of Peace & Conflict Studies NSA National Security Advisor NSC National Security Council NUG National Unity Government 6 Beyond Boundaries II NUST National University of Science and the Technology OBOR One Road One Belt OIC Organization of Islamic Cooperation OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries Op-ed Opinion Editorial PAJC Pakistan Afghanistan Joint Committee PAJCCI Pakistan Afghanistan Joint Chamber of Commerce and Industry PCB Pakistan Cricket Board PEMRA Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority PIMS Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences PIPS Pakistan Institute for Parliamentary Services PM Prime Minister PNCA Pakistan National Council of Arts POC Pakistan Origin Card PTA Preferential Trade Agreement PTI Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaaf Q & A Question and Answer QAU Quaid-i-Azam University QCCM Quadrilateral Counter Terrorism Coordination Mechanism QCG Quadrilateral Coordination Group RAW Research and Analyses Wing Retd. Retired SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAFRON States and Frontier Regions SATP South Asia Terrorism Portal SIGAR Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction SIM Subscriber Identification Module SSA Security Sector Assistance T20 Twenty-Twenty TAPI Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India Pipeline TTA Tehreek-e-Taliban Afghanistan 7 Beyond Boundaries II TTP Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan TV Television UN United Nations UN&EC United Nations and European Commission UNHCR United Nations High Commission for Refugees USA United States of America VOA Voice of America WPSO Women & Peace Studies Organization WTO World Trade Organization 8 Beyond Boundaries II 2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Center for Research and Security Studies (CRSS) – as part of its efforts to improve bilateral relations between Pakistan and Afghanistan – continued its Track 1.5/II initiative - Beyond Boundaries - in partnership with Afghan counterpart organization Women & Peace Studies Organization (WPSO) from August 2016 to March 2017. The phase I of the initiative ran through October 2015 to March 2016 in partnership with Afghan counterpart organization Duran Research and Analysis (DRA); these rounds brought together Afghan and Pakistani security and civil society experts for an unprecedented series of about a dozen meetings to discuss bilateral acrimony, help deescalate the heightened tensions, soothe the bitter context and explore ways of cooperation between the two neighbors. The phase II of Beyond Boundaries built on the successful outcome of its prequel and convened six more meetings through the formation of Pakistan Afghanistan Joint Committee (PAJC) comprising up to seven influential members such as parliamentarians, security experts, retired civil and military bureaucrats, senior media persons, and civil society activists from both countries. The PAJC was developed as a bilateral Track II mechanism to mitigate overcome the deeply-rooted acrimony, minimize distrust and remove misperceptions through reciprocal visits, meetings with high level government officials, and through focused and meaningful dialogues among the PAJC group members. Border management, security, easement of formal bilateral and transit trade, refugees in Pakistan, education, health, arts and culture, media, and intellectual exchanges were some of the major issues that the PAJC focused on during the two rounds. The PAJC members through their visits to Pakistan and Afghanistan for interactions and high level strategic sideline meetings with senior government and non-government stakeholders on issues of bilateral concern (listed above) to hear them out and frame policy recommendations. Besides, the PAJC members also had several important media appearances, including participation prime time TV talk shows on leading TV channels in both 9 Beyond Boundaries II the countries. This was designed to highlight existing areas of disagreement, take the conversation to broader audiences with a view to improve mutual perceptions,and sensitize viewers on socio-political conditions inside Afghanistan and Pakistan. PAJC members also visited several universities, including those in Karachi, Lahore, Mazaar-e-Sharif and Kabul in Afghanistan, for lectures on the state of bilateral relations and with a view to help detox the respective narratives in a complex socio-political environment. The aim was to gradually improve perceptions on both sides and help them become force-multipliers. The CRSS and WPSO also administered perception surveys during university visits to gauge as to whether such interactions entailed any positive results. The project also involved international experts as neutral observers. They helped