ITARP 2008 © 2008 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois Illinois Transportation Archaeological Research Program All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America 2008 Annual Report Editor: Wendy Smith French Cover Design: Linda Alexander Formatting and Layout: Corinne Carlson Illustration Credits: Linda Alexander, Valerie Alexander Vallese, Mera Hertel, and Marcia Martinho Photo Credits: Linda Alexander, Mike Barnes, Alleen Betzenhauser, Julie Bukowski, Matt Cross, Kenneth Farnsworth, Rich Fishel, Wendy Smith French, Ian Fricker, Joe Galloy, Pete Geraci, Kris Hedman, Mera Hertel, Rob Hickson, Jeff Kruchten, Marcia Martinho, Robert Mazrim, Phil Millhouse, Dave Nolan, Chris Nycz, Rebecca Pagan, Jennifer Pearce, Jim Pisell, Sue Nolan, Matthew Terry, B. Wiegand, Sarah Wisseman, Charlie Witty, Alexey Zelin, Tom Zych On the Cover Upper left: Excavation of Monk’s Mound Red seed jar fragment, Ninth–Tenth Century, East St. Louis Mound Center, Stockyards Tract, St. Clair County. Center: (left) Fieldwork at the Sartorial Splendor site, Hancock County; (middle) Red-slipped ceramic foot effigy, Sub Mound 51, Cahokia (right); Edgeware, 1815–30, Not Unusual site, Morgan County. Bottom: Fieldwork at the Elmore site, Kane County. On the Back Excavation at the Excelsior site in Brown County. Acknowledgements Thank you to Dr. John Walthall, chief archaeologist at IDOT, and the Illinois Department of Transportation for their support of the Illinois Transportation Archaeological Research Program’s investigations. Dr. Thomas Emerson, ITARP director, and Dale McElrath, ITARP statewide coordinator, provided guidance in the preparation of the an- nual report. The report was prepared with the assistance of many at the various ITARP divisions. Andrew Fortier, Doug Jackson, and Ian Fricker (C–U); David Nolan, Rich Fishel, Rob Hickson, and Chris Nycz (WISD)—ITARP will miss you, Chris!; Jennifer Pearce and Phil Millhouse (NISD); Brad Koldehoff and Charles Witty (ABSD); Joe Galloy (Wood River Lab); and their staff provided updates of division activities, continuing surveys, and site investigations, as well as the beautiful photos included in the report. Thank you to all who contributed. The production of our annual report is the responsibility of the Statewide Archaeological Survey Division, under the direction of Dale McElrath. This year’s report is complied and coordinated by Wendy Smith French and produced through the efforts of the ITARP Production Office under the direction of production manager Mike Lewis and production coordinator Corinne Carlson, with the assistance of graphic designer Linda Alexander. The information gathered for this report represents the efforts of many ITARP staff members, and I thank them all for their effort in contributing to this presentation. Information on obtaining additional copies of this report, as well as other ITARP publications, is available at: www.itarp.illinois.edu/pubs To Our Readers The Illinois Transportation Archaeologi- establishment of two new laboratories in cal Research Program (ITARP) is the product the Springfield area. Kenneth Farnsworth, of a half-century collaborative effort by the ITARP’s Senior Research Editor, moved University of Illinois (UI) and the Illinois into laboratory space at the Illinois State Department of Transportation (IDOT) to Museum’s (ISM) Research and Collection preserve the state’s important archaeologi- Center as part of a cooperative arrangement cal and historic resources while enhancing between ISM and ITARP. Additionally the public’s understanding of Illinois’s ITARP acquired a Historic Research and rich heritage. Initiated in 1957 by Dr. John Collections Laboratory in Salisbury, just McGregor at the University of Illinois, the to the west of Springfield. Robert Mazrim, program has grown in scope through the ITARP’s new Outreach Coordinator, years and today is recognized as one of manages this laboratory. A portion of this the premier transportation archaeology facility was home to the former “Under programs in the United States. the Prairie Museum” operated by the One of ITARP’s primary mission goals Sangamo Archaeological Center (SAC). is to disseminate information to both The museum displays have been left intact professional audiences and the public and now are on loan to the University ITARP’s staff has always been active in at large. Our annual report is designed where they serve as an important part of giving talks, presentations, and tours specifically to provide an overview of the ITARP’s training and outreach program. to local community and school groups. program’s yearly activities for IDOT and The incorporation of this facility allows However, our ability to reach a wider UIUC administrators, the archaeological ITARP to significantly expand our audience has been limited. The addition of community, and the general public. The historic archaeology capabilities. The an outreach coordinator to ITARP’s staff is content of this report reflects the views of building houses ITARP’s large comparative indicative of IDOT’s increasing interest in the contributors who are responsible for collection of eighteenth and nineteenth expanding its interaction with the public the facts and accuracy of the data present- century Euroamerican artifacts from and disseminating information on its ed herein and do not necessarily reflect the excavations in Illinois as well as a donated historic preservation program in a readily official views or policies of IDOT. collection of similar materials from across accessible general format. Mazrim’s This year has seen an important expans- the eastern United States by SAC. responsibilities include the production of ion in both our program facilities and our IDOT has long history of producing both printed and web-based audiovisual outreach capabilities. We greatly increased quality reports, articles, and books for the materials on IDOT’s historic preservation our ability to serve central Illinois with the professional archaeological community. work for the public. This increased emphasis on information distribution is in keeping with an integral pillar of IDOT- ITARP’s primary mission statement to “promote . the professional and public dissemination of information about the prehistory and history of Illinois.” It has been a productive year in the area of IDOT’s historic preservation program and again I thank all of our staff for their professionalism and dedication to help- ing to preserve the past while enabling economic development to move forward in a timely manner. Director, ITARP www.itarp.illinois.edu 1 Program Mission and Structure spectrum of sources including IDOT, UIUC, Survey Division (ABSD), which operates grants, and contracts with the private sector. an office in Belleville and the Wood River History and Mission Lab, conducts surveys and related site Structure investigations in the 27 southernmost The Illinois Transportation Archaeological Illinois counties; this region encompasses Research Program (ITARP) is the product The ITARP Statewide Survey Division, the archaeologically complex and rich of a five decade long cooperative effort directed by Dale McElrath, is responsible American Bottom in the St. Louis area. between the University of Illinois at for the majority of Phase I archaeological Dr. Andrew Fortier coordinates the Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) and the surveys and Phase II and III archaeological Special Projects Division, which is Illinois Department of Transportation site investigations conducted in conjunction responsible for large and, often, multi- (IDOT), created to ensure the preservation with IDOT projects across Illinois. Six year research projects throughout the and protection of the state’s important regional offices comprise the Statewide state, including the East St. Louis Mound archaeological resources in Center and Janey B. Goode the context of transportation site in the American Bottom, projects. As a part of the largest the Hoxie Farm site in Cook land-grant University in the County, and the Fish Lake state, ITARP is also responsible site in Monroe County south to the citizens of Illinois of St. Louis. The Wood River for providing educational Lab, a branch of Special and research opportunities Projects, conducts ongoing I- in order to advance our 255/FAP 310 and Mississippi knowledge of the state’s River Bridge investigations prehistory and history. This in southwestern Illinois. joint effort began under the The Program Support direction of Dr. John McGregor Division is responsible for and Dr. Charles Bareis in 1957 program administration with the newly formed Illinois and specialist analyses Archaeological Survey (IAS). and offers the following: It continued into the ’80s when paleoethnobotany and the IDOT statewide survey faunal analysis, historical program was transferred to research, digital cartographic the Resource Investigation production and GIS analysis, Program (RIP) within UIUC’s physical anthropology, Department of Anthropology. curation and security, and The recent establishment manuscript production, of ITARP in 1994 was the which includes the editing, direct result of IDOT’s formatting, graphic design, interest in developing and art work for the a centralized program to various ITARP publication facilitate Illinois’s cultural series and public displays. resources protection efforts Program support is provided and UIUC’s desire to expand by archaeobotanists, a its public service mission faunal analyst, a historic in the area of archaeology. archaeologist, physical The